Forensic doctors are specialized personnel in judicial organs who use medical technology to identify and identify persons, corpses, articles or substances related to cases. Their paper identification often determines the nature of a person’s crime and non-crime, misdemeanor and felony, and involves the future direction of a person or even a family. Therefore, for each identification, they are like walking on thin ice.

Procuratorial Forensic Medicine: Grasping the Knife and Pen of Justice

For the identification of casualties in criminal cases, the procuratorial forensic doctor should conduct a "retrial check".

The picture is provided by Yang Jie, a forensic doctor of Kunming Procuratorate, Yunnan Province.

　　This newspaper (reporter Guo Meihong)"I’m sorry, I’ll reply you later. I just received two cases, both of which are urgent. " Before leaving work, Shang Yanjun, a forensic doctor of Luan County Procuratorate in Hebei Province, sent a text message to the reporter. Fourteen years ago, because of her "super professional identity" with forensic doctors, she "switched careers" halfway to join the professional group of procuratorial forensic doctors.

　　Forensic medicine, a profession dealing with injury and death, is full of mystery to ordinary people.

　　Procuratorial forensic doctors are a special team in the procuratorate. Their battlefields are autopsy room and medical equipment room. In addition to restoring the truth of casualties by meticulous and exquisite professional skills like ordinary forensic doctors, they also undertake a special task-review and supervision, that is, they have to "review and check" the casualty identification in criminal cases; They should be involved in the identification of casualties in detention centers, detention centers and prisons.

　　Some people are released on bail for coronary heart disease by taking atropine, some people suddenly fall to the ground and die when being questioned, some people deliberately identify minor injuries as minor injuries, and write serious injuries as minor injuries … All these require them to hold on to the knife and pencil of justice, expose the false appearance with excellent professional accumulation and professional ethics, and restore the truth.

　　Their paper appraisal often determines the nature of a person’s crime and non-crime, misdemeanor and felony, and involves the future direction of a person or even a family. Therefore, for each appraisal, they are like walking on thin ice, because a slight mistake may lead to unjust, false and wrong cases.

　　"disobedient son" kills father

　　Why only sentenced to three years?

　　A few years ago, a death case occurred in Dongxia Town, Yunxiao County, Fujian Province, in which Zhou injured his father Zhou Moushan. After the case happened, the news media made a lot of reports on the incident of "disobedient son killing father". For a time, public opinion accused his son of "going against the road and annihilating human nature". It seems that it is not enough for the people to be angry if Zhou is not shot. The case was submitted to Zhangzhou City Procuratorate, and forensic doctor Liu Longqing (who was awarded the first class merit by the Supreme People’s Procuratorate and won the title of "Watching Justice-Top Ten Prosecutors Favorite by the Masses") examined the injuries of the deceased, and without saying anything, he and the case handlers drove more than 100 kilometers to the crime scene. Liu Longqing frowned when he learned that the body had been cremated.

　　The original identification was that the deceased died of cerebral hemorrhage, but the autopsy photos could not show where the bleeding point was. Liu Longqing talked with relatives and neighbors of the deceased many times. When he learned from the relatives of the deceased that the deceased had a history of heart disease, he seemed to learn something from it.

　　After carefully reviewing the inspection report and combining the condition of the deceased before his death, Liu Longqing boldly proposed that the injury behavior of his son Zhou was not the direct cause of his father’s death.

　　He further explained that the deceased had a 4cm frustration laceration on the forehead. The original identification thought that the deceased died of severe craniocerebral injury. After examination, it was found that there was no fracture in the skull and skull base, no bleeding in the epidural, subdural and subarachnoid space, and no injury and bleeding in the brain and brain stem. Therefore, it was considered that there was insufficient basis for the death of craniocerebral injury. Combined with Zhou’s severe coronary heart disease before his death, he suggested that he died of a heart attack caused by emotional excitement and forehead trauma (minor injuries) after a fierce quarrel with his son.

　　"Human life, forensic examination of the body, is actually a dialogue between the living and the dead. What the body tells you, the forensic doctor will pass it on to the judicial personnel through the expert opinion. The process of identification is not that the forensic doctor is talking, but that the body is talking. If forensic doctors can’t maintain their independence and scientificity, but succumb to public opinion or agree with empiricism, it is not only an embarrassment to the profession, but also a trampling on judicial justice. " Liu Longqing said.

　　Finally, according to Liu Longqing’s appraisal opinion, the court of first instance sentenced his son Zhou to three years’ imprisonment for intentional injury causing minor injuries. The murder case that caused a lot of noise together was handled impartially because of Liu Longqing’s meticulous review.

　　Sudden death in interrogation room

　　In fact, it is not "complicated"

　　Jin Yankui of the Technical Information Research Center of the Supreme People’s Procuratorate has been a forensic doctor for 18 years. Most of the casualties he intervened in occurred in the supervision places, among which there were many cases of conflicts between prisoners or deaths caused by their own diseases. He said, after all, there are fewer people extorting confessions by torture now, unlike when management was not standardized in earlier years.

　　However, casualties in prisons or detention centers are easy to arouse suspicion from the outside world, so they, as professional forensic doctors in legal supervision departments, will intervene in the appraisal at the first time. "The prison administration said that the prisoner died of illness, but most of the family members did not recognize it, saying that it was healthy when he entered. You said it was illness, I don’t believe it. This requires us to inspect the forensic identification of how to die. "

　　Three years ago, a suspect died in a police detention room in a city in Hebei Province. The party was a female employee of a company, who claimed that she could get the land at a cheap price. Someone gave her more than 200,000 yuan, but after waiting for a long time, she didn’t see her take the land, so she called the police. The public security police suspected that she had committed fraud and took her to the detention room. She was interrogated from 8 pm to 11 pm. I had to take photos at the end of the interrogation, but I didn’t expect her to suddenly fall to the ground (there was a monitoring display).

　　No one hit her, how could she suddenly fall to the ground? What’s the problem? The police were in a hurry and quickly moved her to the soft sofa in the opposite room (but there was no monitoring in this room) and let her lie down for a while. A few minutes later, the suspect died.

　　Sick of death? Was tortured to death? In order to find out the cause of death of the suspect, the local prosecutor later entrusted the forensic identification of the Supreme Inspection Technology Center. Jin Yankui participated in the autopsy all the time, and he concluded that the deceased died of pulmonary embolism. "She is not too old, about 40 years old, but she is very fat and has high blood lipids. Sitting for a long time leads to venous thrombosis in the lower limbs and enters the pulmonary artery, causing blockage."

　　Yan Yankui introduced that once pulmonary embolism occurs, it can cause death in a few minutes. In fact, the police officers who questioned her had already called 120 emergency calls, but it was too late when 120 came. It was particularly difficult to rescue this disease, and the survival rate was about 50%.

　　"Can’t this kind of identification be done by the public security forensic doctor himself?"

　　"Technically, can do it. But in terms of identity, they can’t. Why? As a party, the public security organ makes its own appraisal. How can ordinary people take it? As a legal supervision department, procuratorial organs are also involved in cases. "

　　Jin Yankui said that many sudden deaths in supervision places are related to pulmonary artery thrombosis.

　　A similar case occurred in a prison a few years ago, and Jin Yankui participated in the autopsy. After he and his colleagues dissected the body, they found that all organs of the deceased were not sick, and the conclusion was also pulmonary embolism.

　　piercing eye

　　Dig up false medical records

　　Technical evidence review is the main work of forensic doctors in the procuratorate, which improves the quality of cases again and again in the process of examining and analyzing doubts. Lv Pin, a forensic doctor of Tangshan Procuratorate, Hebei Province, once encountered a medical record fraud case.

　　Zhang was injured in the head with a beer bottle and bit his left thumb. He went to several hospitals successively, and was mainly diagnosed as an open fracture of the left thumb, a traumatic crown fracture of the second right tooth and a traumatic loss of the third right tooth. The forensic doctor of the local public security organ asked the experts of stomatology and hand surgery for consultation, and issued an appraisal opinion on minor injuries. Ren refused to accept this appraisal, petitioned many times and asked for re-appraisal. An appraisal institute in Beijing issued a minor injury appraisal opinion based on Zhang’s absence of the third right upper tooth, crown fracture of the second right upper tooth and dysfunction of the left thumb. The public security organ accepted this opinion, took compulsory measures of criminal detention against Ren, and requested approval for arrest.

　　After the procuratorate approved the arrest, Ren’s family refused to accept it and kept petitioning. When the case entered the stage of review and prosecution, the Public Prosecution Division entrusted the Tangshan Procuratorate to review the technical evidence of Zhang’s injury and make a composite appraisal if necessary.

　　After accepting the case, Lv Pin carefully examined the outpatient and inpatient medical records and criminal investigation files submitted for trial, and asked the case-handling department to retrieve Zhang’s left hand X-ray film, dental film and injury photos the next day after the injury. The results showed that Zhang’s injury photos showed that Zhang’s upper lip was not damaged, and the third tooth in the upper right was missing, but the alveolar fossa was flat, which was inconsistent with the rehabilitation characteristics of "blood clot in alveolar fossa" recorded in outpatient medical records. Moreover, the dental reading film showed that there was no alveolar fossa in the third tooth in the upper right, and the alveolar bone was absorbed. According to the above situation, the third tooth on Zhang’s upper right should fall off before injury.

　　In order to further find out the truth, Lv Pin, after communicating with the Public Prosecution Section of the local procuratorate, decided to investigate Yang, a stomatologist in a hospital, and recheck the function of Zhang’s left thumb.

　　In the face of Lv Pin’s professional inquiry and a large amount of evidence, doctor Yang admitted that he had forged the outpatient medical records of stomatology after accepting Zhang’s benefits. This made the investigators of the public security organs particularly surprised, because when Ren petitioned, they also conducted many investigations on Yang, all of which were fruitless.

　　Later, Lv Pin examined the function of the victim Zhang’s left thumb, and found that the distal segment of his left thumb healed well, and the movement of his left thumb was OK. Finally, according to Zhang’s injury, Lv Pin issued a minor injury appraisal opinion, and the procuratorate made a decision not to prosecute Ren according to law. The doctor Yang and the victim Zhang were sentenced for perjury and false accusation respectively.

　　medical tangle

　　Can be "clarified" by identification.

　　In recent years, medical disputes are increasing day by day, and the relationship between doctors and patients is becoming increasingly tense. In order to deal with patient complaints and medical disputes, health departments, hospitals and related medical staff have spent a lot of time and energy. However, for a long time, due to the limited identification technology, it was difficult to find out the cause of the accident. In order to resolve the contradiction as soon as possible, the mediation result was often compensated by the hospital. Over time, the embarrassing situation of "making a big fuss and making a small loss" was formed. On the one hand, it increases the economic burden of medical units and the psychological pressure of medical staff, and reduces the reputation and image of medical units and medical staff in society. On the other hand, the mutual compromise between doctors and patients sometimes leads to the failure to effectively protect the interests of patients.

　　How to turn this "confused account" of medical disputes into a clear account? Liu Longqing introduced that the technical center of the Procuratorate of Zhangzhou City, Fujian Province, where he is located, extended its business to the identification of injuries in medical disputes very early.

　　The cause was an "illegal medical practice case". At that time, a lying-in woman fell down because of breast abscess acupuncture, and was taken to the hospital for emergency treatment. Three days later, the lying-in woman died after being rescued. Acupuncture practitioners are investigated for criminal responsibility for illegal medical practice, but is the hospital responsible? The patient is arguing with the hospital. Liu Longqing’s autopsy found that the whole pericardium of the deceased was full of blood, and the heart had a rupture, which was caused by pericardial tamponade. "From the patient’s physical examination data, the hospital should consider that it is caused by pericardial blockage."

　　Based on Liu Longqing’s appraisal conclusion, the hospital compensated the maternal family, and the dispute between the two sides subsided.

　　The handling of the case made Liu Longqing realize that establishing a perfect and smooth medical appraisal system is the key to resolving the contradiction between doctors and patients. The local health bureau decided to invite Liu Longqing to join the medical dispute mediation Committee as an expert. Liu Longqing agreed without hesitation. Of course, he knows that this is a "hot potato". If it is not handled well, he may be involved in contradictions, but he knows better that many people will benefit from rebuilding a harmonious doctor-patient relationship and safeguarding the interests of doctors and patients and the order of medical services.

　　Use evidence and logic to draw conclusions, avoid being interfered by public opinion, prejudice and power, remove false images from complicated appearances and find the truth. This is the direction and goal that prosecutors and forensic doctors all over the country have been striving for.

　　"Forensic work is like a one-man show without applause. At the time of judicial reform, we still cling to procuratorial technology." Fourteen years later, when she mentioned the original "career change", Shang Yanjun said that she still had no regrets.

　　Xinhuanet Beijing May 30th (Reporter Lu Junyu) From June 1st, a series of new regulations will be implemented. Come and see what will affect your life and mine.

　　===National laws and regulations===

　　The network car will be included in the taxi assessment system.Both the platform and the driver should be graded.

　　A few days ago, the Ministry of Transport issued the revised "Measures for Evaluating the Credit of Taxi Service Quality", stipulating that from June 1, the online car platform and drivers will be included in the taxi service evaluation system for rating.

　　1. The network car platform implements a scoring system of 1000 benchmark points and 100 extra points, and is divided into 6 grades according to the score. The "Measures" tailor indicators such as data access and operational service information disclosure for the online car platform, and assess them from six aspects: enterprise management, information data, safe operation, operational services, social responsibility and bonus points. Before February 28th every year, the platform must submit the service quality reputation assessment data to the local transportation department for service quality reputation rating.

　　2. The driver of the network car will be given a scoring system of 20 benchmark points and 10 extra points, and will be divided into 4 grades according to the scores. The "Measures" set corresponding indicators for network car drivers from four aspects: compliance with laws and regulations, safe production, business behavior and operational services. If the driver scores less than 3 points in the assessment period, he must receive training as required.

　　sixmoononeDrones will bid farewell to "driving without a license" from today.

　　The Civil Aviation Department issued the Administrative Measures for Commercial Flight Activities of Civil Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (Provisional), which standardized the access and supervision requirements for unmanned aerial vehicles to engage in commercial general aviation flight activities under the framework of the Civil Aviation Law. The Measures will be implemented on June 1st.

　　The Civil Aviation Administration shall exercise unified supervision and management over the business license of unmanned aerial vehicles. There are four basic conditions for obtaining an unmanned aerial vehicle business license: the main body engaged in business activities should be an enterprise legal person, and the legal representative should be a citizen of China; The enterprise shall have at least one unmanned aerial vehicle, and complete the real-name registration in the "Real-name Registration Information System for Civil Unmanned Aerial Vehicles" of the Civil Aviation Administration of China with the name of the enterprise; Having the training ability recognized by the competent department of the industry or its authorized institution (this paragraph is only applicable to training business activities); Insure the third party liability insurance for unmanned aerial vehicles on the ground.

　　Chinese’s English proficiency level will have a national "scale"

　　On April 12th, the China English Proficiency Scale (hereinafter referred to as the Scale), the first English proficiency assessment standard for Chinese English learners, was issued by the Ministry of Education and the State Language Commission and officially implemented on June 1st, 2018.

　　Guided by the use of language, the scale divides the English proficiency of Chinese English learners from low to high into three stages: foundation, improvement and proficiency, with nine levels, and gives a comprehensive, clear and informative description of the ability characteristics of each level.

　　Regulatory heavy punches directly point to related transactions of insurance companies.

　　China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission, China, issued the Administrative Measures for Related Party Transactions of Insurance Companies (Draft for Comment) on May 3, explicitly requiring insurance companies to abide by laws and regulations and the national accounting system when conducting related party transactions, and taking effective measures to prevent related parties from taking advantage of their special status to infringe on the interests of insurance companies or insurance consumers through related party transactions. After soliciting opinions, the Measures for the Administration of Related Party Transactions of Insurance Companies will be implemented on June 1.

　　For violations of related party transactions of insurance companies in the Draft for Comment, the regulatory authorities will adopt regulatory measures such as issuing inquiry letters, ordering to modify the transaction structure, ordering to stop or cancel related party transactions, and ordering to prohibit transactions with specific related parties. If the directors, supervisors, senior managers or other relevant employees of an insurance company violate the rules, the regulatory agency may order them to make corrections; Record in the performance record and make industry notification; Ordered to replace the relevant responsible personnel; Regulatory measures such as being identified as inappropriate candidates.

　　Attention of cross-border sellers! Customs will implement new regulations on the process of forecasting manifests

　　Prior to this, the General Administration of Customs issued the No.56 announcement on matters related to the regulation of inbound and outbound means of transport and manifests by water and air. Including the declaration and transmission time limit, data items, and filling in the specifications of the electronic data of inbound and outbound means of transport and manifests, and the declaration and transmission of electronic data of inbound and outbound means of transport and manifests to the customs, the announcement will take effect on June 1.

　　Improvement of special funds for safety production of passenger transport enterprisesObey the speed limit requirement

　　Since June 1 this year, the special funds for safety production of passenger transport enterprises have been increased. In addition, when making transportation plans, passenger transport enterprises should abide by the speed limit requirements, open rural passenger transport lines, pass the audit, and entrust a third-party agency to conduct dynamic monitoring.

　　Recently, the Ministry of Transport, the Ministry of Public Security and the Ministry of Emergency Management jointly revised and issued the Code for Safety Management of Road Passenger Transport Enterprises, making it clear that passenger transport enterprises should withdraw and set up special funds for safety production at a ratio of not less than 1.5% of the actual operating income of the previous year, which is 1 percentage point higher than that before the revision.

　　===Local laws and regulations===

　　Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei released regional collaboration standards for cold chain logistics.

　　Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei recently released eight local standards for regional cooperation in cold chain logistics, which will be officially implemented on June 1 this year.

　　Eight regional collaborative local standards around the requirements of building an one-hour agricultural product circulation circle around the capital will strongly promote the unification and standardization of the development of cold chain logistics industry in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei, improve the level of regional cold chain logistics, ensure the safety of fresh products and food consumption, build a brand of cold chain logistics in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei, and provide reference, replicable and popularized experience for the standardization development of cold chain logistics in China.

　　Gansu: The poor people in rural areas pay after seeing a doctor in designated medical institutions in the province.

　　Gansu Province recently issued the Notice on Improving the Basic Medical Security Policy for Urban and Rural Residents in Gansu Province. The "Notice" clarifies that from June 1, 2018, the rural poor in Gansu Province will see a doctor at designated medical institutions at all levels in the province, and will implement "pay after seeing a doctor".

　　Measures for the administration of new cemeteries in Shandong: Ecological graves shall not be less than the total number of graves.70%

　　Shandong recently issued a new cemetery management method. The measures stipulate the areas where the construction of cemeteries is prohibited, that is, cultivated land and forest land; Nature reserves, forest parks, wetland parks, urban parks, scenic spots and cultural relics protection areas and the outer edge of the border are 2000 meters; 2000 meters near reservoirs, river dams and water source protection areas and the outer edge of the boundary; 500 meters outside the boundary of railway and highway trunk lines, and other prohibited areas stipulated by laws and regulations.

　　Operating cemeteries must conform to the overall land use planning, urban and rural planning, cemetery development planning, tomb miniaturization, cemetery gardening, green coverage rate of not less than 75%, or green space of not less than 40%. Ecological (lying tablet, tree burial, flower burial, lawn burial, art burial, etc.) graves shall not be less than 70% of the total number of graves.

　　Jiangsu: Online ordering and online selling of food should be put on record first.

　　Jiangsu Province promulgated the Measures for the Administration of the Filing of Online Food Trading Subjects in Jiangsu Province (hereinafter referred to as the Measures), which will be officially implemented on June 1, 2018.

　　The "Measures" stipulate that online food trading entities are subdivided into three categories: third-party platform providers of online food trading, food producers and operators who trade through self-built websites, and branches engaged in online catering services established by third-party platform providers of online catering services, which shall be filed with the food and drug regulatory authorities within 30 working days after approval, filing or branch establishment by the competent communications department.

　　New regulations on drug control in Yunnan: inviting drug-related artists to perform or punish them15ten thousand

　　The revised Regulations on Drug Control in Yunnan Province stipulates that radio, film and television, network audio-visual, literary and art groups and relevant units shall not invite persons who have been investigated and dealt with by public security organs for drug-related acts for less than three years or who have not given up drug addiction as creative personnel to participate in the production of radio, film and television programs or hold or participate in cultural performances in accordance with relevant state regulations; Radio, film and television programs and commercial advertising programs endorsed by the above-mentioned personnel as creative personnel shall not be broadcast. The anti-drug regulations also stipulate that it is strictly forbidden to drive motor vehicles, ships, rail vehicles and aircraft after taking drugs; Classify and treat the sick and disabled drug addicts; "Zero tolerance" for illegal drug-related information on the Internet.

　　Henan(Province):The cement industry in the whole province stopped kiln in stages.fiveA month

　　Henan Province issued the "Notice on Soliciting Opinions and Suggestions on Four Operational Plans for Air Pollution Prevention and Control in 2018", requiring the cement industry to implement peak-shifting production throughout the year. According to the principle of "starting two stops and stopping one", the production will be stopped in four periods, namely, from June 1 to 30, from September 1 to 30, from December 1 to January 31, and from March 1 to March 31.

　　1509.5 kg! On the morning of November 26th, in Yangtian Village, Huangpu District, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, the Huangpu Demonstration Base of the National Hybrid Rice Engineering and Technology Research Center, which tackled the problem of high-yield double-cropping rice with a yield of 3,000 kg per mu, carried out the yield measurement and acceptance of late rice.

　　At about 12 o’clock in the morning, Luo Xiwen, an academician of China Academy of Sciences, read out the results at the scene. The results show that the average yield per mu of late rice in the base is 726.4 kg, and the average yield per mu of early rice this year is 783.1 kg, and the yield per mu of hybrid rice in double seasons is 1509.5 kg.

　　Regarding the rice harvest in the demonstration base, Luo Xiwen thought that "the whole rice harvest was good". "Planting crops pays attention to improved varieties, good methods, good fields and good conditions ‘ Siliang ’ Matching. " Luo Xiwen said that paddy fields should be improved continuously to get a good rice harvest. However, the 30-mu field in Huangpu Demonstration Base was cultivated only last year, which is not considered as "the best fertile field". Due to the lack of water in the first half of the year, the early rice in the demonstration base was delayed by more than 20 days, which affected the planting of late rice, which would also affect the yield of late rice.

　　He believes that strictly speaking, it is more difficult for Guangdong to grow rice in this place and achieve high yield. The small temperature difference between day and night in Guangdong is not conducive to the transformation of crop protein and starch, and high temperature and rainy weather will also bring pests and diseases. "This is not the best ecological environment for rice, but we must choose this place, which is what Mr. Yuan Longping asked us to do before his death." Luo Xiwen said, we want to realize the 3,000 Jin per mu of double-cropping rice mentioned by Mr. Yuan Longping under the climate conditions in Guangdong, and we hope that this year and next year’s efforts will truly realize Miss Yuan’s dream. "

　　It is reported that the base was personally deployed by Academician Yuan Longping before his death and built by Huangpu Research Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology in Longping. Li Jianwu, executive vice president of Longping Agricultural Science and Technology Huangpu Research Institute, introduced that Yangtian Village, where the demonstration base is located, is 29 meters above sea level, with an area of 30 mu, with a total of 9 hills. The soil fertility of the demonstration base is moderate, which belongs to riverbed sandy soil. Late rice was sown on July 23rd, transplanted on August 12th, and transplanted by machine. The row spacing between plants was 4×8 inches, with 18,000 tillers per mu, and the heading began on October 7th. The variety was Xiangliangyou 900 (Chaoyouqian).

　　According to the Central Meteorological Observatory, from 22nd to 23rd, the rainfall in the north will shift to Liaoning, Jilin, eastern Inner Mongolia and other places, among which Liaoning will experience the largest rainstorm this year, and the accumulated rainfall in some areas will exceed 100mm.

　　In terms of temperature, the northwest region will become the "main position" of high temperature in the coming week, and the local maximum temperature can reach above 40℃. In many places in the south, the high temperature increases, the air humidity increases and the sultry feeling intensifies.

　　Northeast China enters the main rainfall period.

　　Four districts in Beijing issued rainstorm warning

　　The Central Meteorological Observatory continued to issue a blue rainstorm warning at 6 o’clock on the 22nd. It is expected that there will be heavy rains in parts of eastern Inner Mongolia, Liaoning, central and western Jilin, southern Heilongjiang, northwestern Jiangxi and northeastern Hunan during the day and night on the 22nd, and there will be heavy rains in parts of southeastern Inner Mongolia, western Jilin and central and western Liaoning.

　　On the 22nd, Haidian District, Chaoyang District and Pinggu District of Beijing issued a blue rainstorm warning, and Shunyi District issued a yellow rainstorm warning.

　　On the 23rd, there were moderate to heavy rains in parts of Heilongjiang, western Jilin, southeastern northwest, central Tibet, central and eastern Jiangnan and northern Sichuan Plateau, among which there were heavy rains in parts of central and western Heilongjiang.

　　Before the end of the month, there may be two rainy weather processes in the northern region. From 24th to 26th, there may be heavy rain in parts of North China, Huanghuai and Northeast China. From 28th to 31st, the eastern part of the northwest, north China, northeast China and other places will see obvious rainfall again.

　　The highest local temperature in northwest China is over 40℃

　　The high temperature in many places in the south has increased and the sultry feeling has intensified.

　　Northwest China is controlled by continental high pressure or high pressure ridge. In the next 10 days, high temperature weather will continue in Xinjiang basin, western Gansu and western Inner Mongolia. The highest temperature is generally 35℃ to 38℃, and the local temperature can reach above 40℃.

　　In the south, with the enhancement of subtropical high, the high temperature weather will also increase obviously. All the year round, in late July, many places in the south ushered in the period with the highest temperature in a year. In addition, the air humidity is high and the sultry feeling is aggravated, and many places will start the experience of "steaming up and cooking down".

　　■ How big is the rainstorm and rainstorm?

　　There is a clear distinction between rainstorms in meteorology. In China, rain with a 24-hour precipitation of 50 mm or more is called "rainstorm". According to its precipitation intensity, it is divided into three grades:

　　24-hour precipitation exceeding 50 mm is called "rainstorm";

　　More than 100 mm is called "heavy rain";

　　More than 250 mm is called "torrential rain".

　　However, every rainstorm is different. Whether the rainstorm lasts evenly in 24 hours or "pours down" in a short time will bring different impressions to the public.

　　■ What is a rain belt?

　　Observing the rainfall distribution map in flood season, it is easy to find that the rainfall is obviously banded, and the rain belt will move with time. Some areas are sometimes located at the southern end of the rain belt, and after the rain belt moves, it is located at the northern end of the rain belt, during which the rain does not stop.

　　In fact, the "tangible" rain belt is related to the subtropical high, a weather system that affects China’s weather all the year round. Subtropical high pressure prevails in downward flow, and the air is dry and hot, like a big steamer buckled on the ground. However, in the marginal area of subtropical high, updraft prevails, which is one of the necessary conditions for rainfall. The rain belt will swing with the seasonal movement of subtropical high.

　　■ Where is the "local" in the weather forecast?

　　"Local" is not a specific location in the weather forecast, but to some extent expresses the uncertainty and possible extremes of the forecast.

　　"Local" is often associated with strong convective weather such as thunderstorms, hail and short-term heavy precipitation. Most of these severe convective weather are produced by small and medium-scale systems, with short life history and rapid extinction. With the current forecasting ability, we can only predict the possible range of local strong weather in advance, but we can’t predict its exact location in advance.

　　Transfer from/CCTV News WeChat Comprehensive China Weather Network, Central Meteorological Observatory, China Meteorological Bureau, Beijing Meteorological Bureau