[Technology] Cars have become an indispensable part of our lives. The combination of steering wheel+shift lever+pedal seems to have become a natural way to control cars, but their respective mechanisms are rarely understood. Take the steering wheel in our hands as an example, the majority of riders are still vague about the common concepts of various steering systems, such as "the difference with hydraulic power" and "what is the variable power", and so on. Below, we will systematically introduce various common steering systems, answer these questions, and discuss the mysteries and mysteries of various steering systems with you.

　　Because of the long space, this paper introduces our most common system now, interprets "where does the power come from" and introduces the classification of power steering system.

　　Power steering, as its name implies, is to resist steering resistance by increasing external force, so that drivers can complete steering with less force. It is also called power steering. It was originally designed to make some large vehicles with heavy weight operate more easily, but now it has become very popular. It makes driving easier and easier, and makes vehicles more agile and improves safety to some extent. Power steering can be divided into two categories according to the different sources of power-hydraulic power and electric power.

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　　The origin of hydraulic power steering can be traced back to February, 1902. Frederick W. Lanchester of Britain invented "Cause the steering mechanism to be actuated by hydraulic power", that is, the hydraulic driving steering mechanism. After that, inventors in the United States and Canada successively registered patents for similar inventions. In automobile production, the commercial production of hydraulic power steering system was first realized, and it was named Hydraguide hydraulic steering system, and it was installed on Chrysler’s sixth generation Imperial in 1951. With the development of technology, the steering system with electronic pump instead of mechanical pump appears, so the current hydraulic power is mainly divided into mechanical hydraulic power and electronic hydraulic power. In addition, the electronic servo hydraulic power steering system is derived from the mechanical hydraulic power.

　　Let’s look at the main principle of mechanical hydraulic power steering, which is based on mechanical rack-and-pinion steering mechanism, and adds a whole set of hydraulic system, including liquid storage tank, hydraulic booster pump, mechanical valve connected with steering column, hydraulic cylinder on steering mechanism and the one that can push steering rod, etc.

　　The hydraulic pump provided by mechanical power steering is driven by a belt, which means that the steering pump can only run when the engine is running, which is why the steering wheel power disappears after the engine is turned off. On the steering machine, there is a mechanical valve that can rotate with the steering column. When the steering wheel does not rotate left and right, the pressure in the chambers on both sides of the piston is consistent and in a balanced state. When the steering wheel rotates, the mechanical valve connected to the steering column will be opened or closed accordingly, and the oil on one side will return directly to the oil storage tank without passing through the hydraulic cylinder, and the oil on the other side will continue to be injected into the hydraulic cylinder, so that the pressure difference between the two sides of the piston will be pushed under the action of hydraulic force, and then the auxiliary force will be generated to push the steering rod to steer the wheels, which greatly reduces the force required for us to turn the steering wheel.

　　Another advantage of hydraulic power steering system is to improve comfort and safety. When the wheels jump violently and the tires turn involuntarily when encountering potholes, the vibration can be well buffered and absorbed by the action of hydraulic pressure on the piston, which greatly reduces the vibration transmitted to the steering wheel. At the same time, this structure also improves the safety. For example, when a vehicle using the traditional rack-and-pinion mechanism turns, the tire suddenly changes direction when it encounters a pothole, and the rack will drive the gear to reverse the steering wheel, resulting in the situation of "beater", which is easy to hurt the driver’s hand, so there will be no such problem in a hydraulically assisted vehicle.

　　Mechanical hydraulic booster features:The whole system is a mechanical structure, from the mechanical hydraulic pump driven by the belt to the hydraulic mechanical valve body on the steering column, without any electronic system, with mature and stable technology, high reliability and wide application range. Even if the hydraulic system of the vehicle fails and loses power, it can still rely on the traditional rack and pinion mechanism for steering. Disadvantages are complex structure, large space occupation and high manufacturing cost, which also makes the maintenance difficult and costly. And because the hydraulic pump is driven by the engine belt, it will consume part of the power of the engine, which will affect the fuel economy and the power of the vehicle, especially for small-displacement vehicles with relatively weak power. In addition, the strength of the mechanical hydraulic power-assisted system is not adjustable, so it is difficult to take into account the different requirements for pointing accuracy when driving at low speed and high speed.

● Electro-hydraulic booster

　　The so-called Electro-hydraulic power steering (EHPS for short) has exactly the same principle as mechanical hydraulic power steering, but the biggest difference from mechanical hydraulic power steering is that instead of using a hydraulic pump driven by an engine through a belt, it is replaced by an electric pump.

　　The advantages of electro-hydraulic power assist are firstly reflected in energy consumption. First, the electronic pump driven by electric energy uses the electric energy output by the generator and the battery, and no longer consumes the power of the engine itself. The start and stop of the electronic pump are all controlled by the electronic system. When it is not steering, the electronic pump is turned off, unlike the mechanical hydraulic power assist pump, which is always linked with the engine, further reducing energy consumption.

　　Secondly, the electronic control unit of the electro-hydraulic power steering system can change the power of steering assistance by processing the information of sensors such as speed sensor, lateral acceleration sensor and steering angle sensor, and changing the flow rate of the electronic pump in real time, that is, the function of variable power assistance with speed. Of course, it is not only the electro-hydraulic power assist that can realize the variable power assist with speed. We will introduce various "variable" power assist steering systems in detail in later articles.

　　Electro-hydraulic power assist has been gradually popularized since the late 1990s, and brands such as,,,,, and have models using electro-hydraulic power assist system. We are familiar with, and other models use such a system.

"Triumph, old models and other models use electro-hydraulic power."

　　Why can’t electro-hydraulic assist replace mechanical hydraulic assist?

　　No matter from the aspects of technology, function or economy, electro-hydraulic power assistance has more advantages than mechanical hydraulic power assistance. However, at present, electro-hydraulic power assistance has not been able to replace mechanical hydraulic power assistance for the following reasons:

　　1. The cost of electro-hydraulic booster is higher. Compared with the mechanical hydraulic power-assisted system, after adding the electronic control system and replacing it with the electronic pump, the manufacturing cost of electronic hydraulic power-assisted system is higher, the technology is more complicated, and the difficulty and cost of maintenance are also increased.

　　2. The reliability is not as good as that of mechanical hydraulic booster. In addition to the failure of steering mechanism and hydraulic mechanism, electro-hydraulic power assist also increases the possibility of electrical system failure, so its reliability is not as good as that of traditional hydraulic power assist system.

　　3. The assistance is limited. Although the use of electronic pump has obvious advantages, it needs to be driven by the electric energy of the generator, and the vehicle-mounted generator itself and the maximum current it can provide are limited, so the power of the electronic pump is also limited, and the load it can carry is also limited. Therefore, at present, most of the models that use electro-hydraulic power are medium-sized vehicles. For vehicles that need greater assistance, the electro-hydraulic assistance system is beyond the reach.

　　4. Evolved mechanical hydraulic booster system. With the development of technology, the variable speed function of electro-hydraulic power-assisted system has been realized on the evolved mechanical hydraulic power-assisted system (using solenoid valve body technology), and even a variable speed ratio system has been derived from the mechanical hydraulic power-assisted steering system, so the mechanical hydraulic power-assisted system with higher reliability and load-bearing capacity is still welcomed by manufacturers.

The extinction at the end of Permian 252 million years ago caused the extinction of about 81% marine species and 89% terrestrial species. The main reason is believed to be the environmental change caused by large-scale volcanic eruption, but there is still no direct evidence that environmental factors affect terrestrial ecosystems. In cooperation with foreign counterparts, researchers in China discovered the direct evidence that the destruction of the ozone layer led to the extinction of terrestrial life at the end of Permian by studying the changes of "sunscreen" content in fossil pollen grains during this period.

The research results were published online in the internationally renowned journal Science Advances on January 6, 2023.

Black shale at the end of Permian in Qubu section of southern Tibet. Photo courtesy of Nanjing Institute of Geology and Paleontology, CAS

Pollen fossils found in Permian-Triassic transitional strata in Qubu section. Photo courtesy of Nanjing Institute of Geology and Paleontology, CAS

Volcanic eruption led to mass extinction of land? There was a lack of direct evidence

The extinction event at the end of Permian was the largest extinction event in Phanerozoic. Scientists generally believe that the increase of global greenhouse gases caused by the eruption of Siberian igneous province at the end of Permian, global warming and ocean acidification may be the main causes of this extinction. However, there are still many debates about how these environmental factors affect terrestrial ecosystems.

Some palynologists have found some deformed spores and pollen in the continental Permian-Triassic transition section. It is speculated that these deformed spores or pollen may be caused by the increase of ultraviolet radiation induced by the destruction of the global ozone layer caused by halogen elements ejected from the Siberian igneous province. However, the study of abnormal spores and pollen produced in modern plants shows that the environmental background of these abnormal pollen and spores is very complicated, and drought, air pollution and plant trauma may all induce abnormal spores or pollen to be produced in plants. Therefore, the discovery of a small number of abnormal spores and pollen in the continental Permian-Triassic transition section cannot directly prove that there was an increase in ultraviolet radiation caused by the global ozone hole during the extinction at the end of Permian.

Using the content of "sunscreen" to deduce the intensity of atmospheric ultraviolet radiation

Plants need sunlight for photosynthesis to provide energy for plant growth, but at the same time, it is necessary to avoid the damage of harmful ultraviolet rays in sunlight to genetic information in plants, especially in plant reproductive cells (spores and pollen). In order to adapt to the terrestrial radiation environment, terrestrial plants have evolved some regulatory mechanisms to reduce the damage of ultraviolet rays to plants. In the germ cells of plants, this mechanism is manifested in that there are a large number of compounds-coumaric acid and ferulic acid-in the outer walls of plant spores and pollen, which are very similar in function to "sunscreen cream". These compounds can form resonance-stable phenol free radicals and resist the oxidation caused by ultraviolet rays, thus protecting fragile spores and pollen and providing guarantee for the spread and reproduction of terrestrial plants.

Modern botanists have observed that plants can automatically adjust the content of "sunscreen" on the outer wall of their germ cells according to the surrounding ultraviolet radiation environment, and these "sunscreen" can be stored in the outer wall of inert spores and pollen for a long time. Therefore, in theory, researchers can determine the content of "sunscreen" in these spores and pollen, and deduce the intensity of atmospheric ultraviolet radiation in geological history.

"Sunscreen" is difficult to digest and has low nutrition, or leads to the extinction of insects.

According to Liu Feng, a researcher at Nanjing Institute of Geology and Paleontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, the research team quantitatively measured coumaric acid and ferulic acid in 1011 pollen grains from Permian-Triassic transition section in southern Tibet, China. Through the big data analysis of infrared spectra produced by these pollen, the research team found that during the extinction at the end of Permian, the contents of coumaric acid and ferulic acid in the outer wall of pollen in the stratum were significantly higher than those in fossil pollen before and after extinction, which directly proved that there was an increase in global ultraviolet radiation during the extinction at the end of Permian.

The increase of ultraviolet radiation in the air has a far-reaching impact on the whole terrestrial ecosystem. Because ultraviolet rays not only have a strong killing effect on plant germ cells, but also cause damage to plant mesophyll cells. In order to resist the damage of ultraviolet rays to mesophyll cells, plants will synthesize lutein, coumaric acid and ferulic acid in their leaves, which will reduce the synthesis of chlorophyll accordingly, leading to the weakening of photosynthesis of plants, which will further weaken the absorption capacity of plants for greenhouse gases, further aggravating the global greenhouse gas increase caused by volcanic eruption at the end of Permian.

In addition, lutein, coumaric acid and ferulic acid in mesophyll are compounds that are difficult to digest and have low nutritional value for herbivores and insects, so the increase of ultraviolet radiation indirectly affects the terrestrial food chain, which may be the main reason for the extinction of terrestrial herbivores and insects at the end of Permian.

Beijing News reporter Zhang Lu

Editor Liu Qianxian proofreads Wu Xingfa.

　　Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, October 8 (Reporter Gao Jing) During the National Day holiday this year, Gao Lei, who works in Beijing, found that his hometown had changed a lot when he went home to visit relatives. Gaoyang County, Baoding City, Hebei Province, where his hometown is located, is undergoing the transformation from coal to gas. Gao Lei saw that the small coal-fired boiler used for heating in winter at home disappeared, and the kitchen was newly connected with natural gas pipelines and installed with wall-hung boilers. The home looked much cleaner and brighter than before.

　　Replacing loose coal by changing gas and electricity is one of the important measures to control air pollution in northern China.

　　Since the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan", China’s air pollution control has achieved remarkable results. According to the data from the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, compared with 2015, the average annual concentration of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in cities at or above the prefecture level fell by 23.1% in 2019, and the proportion of excellent days in 337 cities at or above the prefecture level reached 82%.

　　In the closing year, the achievements of the blue sky defense war were even more eye-catching. From January to August this year, the average number of excellent days in 337 cities at or above the prefecture level was 86.7%, up 5 percentage points year-on-year; The concentration of PM2.5 was 31 μ g/m3, down 11.4% year-on-year. Good weather with blue sky and white clouds is becoming the norm.

　　Behind more and more blue sky is a series of "combination boxing" that China has played to control air pollution. In recent years, China’s air pollution control work has been closely focused on key areas such as Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and surrounding areas, the Yangtze River Delta region, and the Fenwei Plain, focusing on key pollutants such as PM2.5, focusing on key periods in autumn and winter, and key areas such as loose coal combustion and "scattered pollution" enterprises, and continuing to implement tough actions.

　　The pilot cities of clean heating in the northern region will achieve full coverage of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and surrounding areas and Fenwei Plain; 86% of coal-fired power units have achieved ultra-low emissions, and about 780 million tons of crude steel production capacity has been transformed into ultra-low emissions; Carry out in-depth rectification of "scattered pollution" enterprises, industrial furnaces and key industries to control volatile organic compounds; Strengthen the pollution control of diesel trucks and vigorously promote the "revolving iron"; Deepen the joint prevention and control of air pollution in key areas and strengthen the response to heavy pollution weather.

　　"The nearby village used natural gas for heating last year, which is said to be clean and warm." Gao Lei said that he believes that after coal is changed to gas, there will be more blue sky and less smog in winter.

　　CCTV News:On the afternoon of April 8, the State Council held a press conference on the traceability research of COVID-19 in China.

　　At the press conference, a reporter asked: What kind of cooperation plan will China have with the international community in the future regarding the investigation and research on traceability? Are there any specific international cooperation arrangements or plans?

　　Zhou Lei, a researcher at China CDC, responded that Covid-19’s traceability is not a matter for one country, nor can it be accomplished independently by one country. It necessarily requires the joint efforts of the global scientific community. Therefore, it is imperative for the whole world to unite, especially for scientists to work together to carry out traceability, which is also necessary and what we have always advocated. We are adhering to an open, objective, scientific and open attitude to cooperate with WHO. We have also invited international experts many times. For example, since 2020, we have invited at least two international experts to China to carry out traceability research. I think this will not change in the future, which is certain.

　　In fact, just now, several of my colleagues have repeatedly mentioned that the first phase of our joint research cooperated with more than 10 international colleagues and top international experts selected by WHO to carry out joint research work, and formed a particularly detailed joint research report for joint release. This is an attitude in itself, and this is our research result. After that, we didn’t stop our research work, and our expectation and efforts to trace the source never stopped. A large number of research results and data we carried out in the later period were shared with our international counterparts in various forms without reservation. We published many scientific papers, shared our sequences and shared our data and information in multiple databases. In addition, we supported the decision of WHO to conduct global joint traceability. We sent experts to collect more data and information, and we have been doing what China can do. In fact, we very, very much hope that global traceability can really become a global traceability. We have repeatedly called for the location and angle of traceability research to cover all possible countries and regions as much as possible, and we should stop speculating and paying attention to Wuhan all the time. We have done a lot of work in this regard, and I have reiterated this many times. China’s attitude has never changed. Traceability research should be an international action. We also very much hope that WHO is an authoritative professional organization and international organization, which can really organize the global traceability work and organize all the elites in the international scientific community with a scientific, rigorous and fair attitude.Let us trace back to Covid-19 and get a convincing answer in the future.

　　The Beijing Municipal Health and Health Commission, the Municipal Education Commission and the Municipal People’s Social Security Bureau jointly released the work plan for influenza vaccination in Beijing in 2022. The influenza vaccination work in this city will be implemented in batches in mid-September, and the free vaccination work is initially scheduled to end at the end of November.

　　Free influenza vaccination population is — —

　　Older people over the age of 60 with the city’s resident ID card/social security card;

　　All primary and secondary school students (including domestic and foreign students in primary schools, general middle schools, technical secondary schools, vocational high schools, technical colleges, reform schools and special education schools);

　　Emergency support personnel for major activities identified by the health administrative departments of all districts (including frontline personnel for epidemic prevention and control in COVID-19).

　　Routine immunization clinics in all districts are responsible for providing self-funded and free influenza vaccination services, and actively organizing qualified medical institutions and medical personnel within their respective jurisdictions to provide self-funded influenza vaccination services. In areas with large vaccination needs, at least one qualified secondary and above medical institution should be organized to provide vaccination services during this year’s influenza vaccination. Choose suitable places in each district to set up temporary inoculation points reasonably, and when necessary, open temporary inoculation points of COVID-19 vaccine to meet the population’s centralized inoculation demand. Each district should take various measures to further improve the vaccination service capacity in its jurisdiction, such as setting up district-level mobile vaccination teams, extending the vaccination time of vaccination clinics, setting up weekend clinics, and encouraging physical examination centers to set up vaccination clinics.

　　In 2022, the city will further promote the influenza vaccine appointment vaccination system under the situation of epidemic prevention and control in COVID-19. Each district is responsible for organizing primary and secondary schools, secondary specialized schools, technical colleges, old-age care institutions, villages/neighborhood committees and other units under the guidance of the district CDC to make an appointment and docking with the vaccination clinics in the jurisdiction for free vaccination. Citizens who are willing to vaccinate can make an appointment at the vaccination clinic through various appointment methods such as internet, telephone and on-site appointment.

　　The first batch of vaccination work is scheduled to start in mid-September, mainly for the elderly aged 60 and above in Beijing, and the vaccination publicity and mobilization of students in primary and secondary schools, secondary specialized schools and technical colleges will be started simultaneously.The second batch is scheduled to start in late September, mainly for students in primary and secondary schools, secondary specialized schools and technical colleges, and simultaneously start the self-funded vaccination of influenza vaccine in the city. The third batch is scheduled to start in early October, mainly for emergency support personnel of major events (including front-line personnel of epidemic prevention and control in COVID-19). If there is no special reason, the free vaccination of influenza vaccine in the city is initially scheduled to end at the end of November.

　　All vaccination clinics should arrange the vaccination work of schools, old-age care institutions and other collective units in advance to avoid large-scale vaccination in concentrated periods. At the same time, do a good job in registering the demand for pneumococcal vaccination, arrange vaccination reasonably, and provide joint vaccination services for pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine and influenza vaccine for the elderly.

　　All vaccination clinics should strengthen vaccine management, standardize vaccination operations, strictly implement epidemic prevention and control measures such as daily ventilation and disinfection, temperature measurement, code test, negative nucleic acid test, and keeping a one-meter line at the vaccination site to ensure vaccination safety. At the same time, they should take various convenient service measures such as cold protection, rain protection and anti-skid, and do a good job in vaccination warm-hearted service and humanistic care for key groups such as the elderly and students, so as to further enhance the comfort and satisfaction of the citizens.

The front face of the 2022 overbearing 4000 adopts a larger thick air intake grille with an exaggerated front bumper, which gives a very strong sense of oppression, and the headlights are further elongated and extended to the bottom of the air intake grille, making the front face more domineering. Toyota overbearing 4000 brand-new image cross-country rough character, creating a completely different king style.

The off-road performance, reliability and comfort of 22 overbearing 4000s are all in by going up one flight of stairs, powered by a 4.0-liter V6 engine with a maximum power of 183/5600(Kw/rpm) and equipped with a 6-speed automatic manual transmission. Non-loaded body, low-speed four-wheel drive, all-terrain tires, middle and rear differential locks, and excellent data of contact angle and departure angle, Toyota Overbearing 4000 has all the rigidity necessary for a professional off-road vehicle.

The comfort of the interior space of the 2022 Toyota Overbearing 4000 shows another image. The steering wheel is novel and stout, with control keys such as audio and telephone arranged on it, which makes it feel outstanding. The new car is equipped with a very popular holographic imaging system. With the help of these cameras, no matter how crude the driving skills are, drivers can easily and confidently cope with various environmental road conditions.

Although the 2022 brand-new Middle East Toyota Overbearing 4000 adopts the design of 7 seats, it still has spacious rear space, and the electronic equipment in the car has also increased a lot, which meets the all-round needs of drivers and passengers, and the elegant new body. In addition, a big change is that the third row of seats adopts the bottom storage design, which can fold the seats into a flat storage platform, and the trunk with larger space can both store things and carry people.

Configuration: 2022 Toyota overbearing 4000 GXR configuration: sunroof, 265/55 R19 aluminum wheels, 150-liter fuel tank, rear-mounted spare tire with shell, body color electric rearview mirror, tail wing, integrated luggage rack, LED front fog lights, front and rear electric eyes Internal features: three-zone automatic air conditioning, center console, refrigerator, leather steering wheel, fabric seat, 9-inch navigation screen, 6 stereo, multifunction. Manual headlight adjustment, smart card, keyless entry safety features: 7 airbags, active traction system, reversing image, cruise control, ramp assist, Towson differential lock.

22 Middle East versions of Toyota Overbearing 4000 have simple and atmospheric design, perfect seat layout with three rows and seven seats, high utilization rate and excellent legroom performance. The four multi-function steering wheels with larger size are comfortable to use, more convenient to control and safer to drive. Although it adopts the setting of seven seats, it still has quite spacious usable space, and the electronic equipment in the car has also increased a lot to meet the all-round needs of drivers and passengers.

　Displacement (l): 3, 956. Maximum speed (km/h): 180, fuel consumption (L/100 km): 15L Engine: 6-cylinder V-type overhead double camshaft with 24 valves (connected with VVT-i intelligent timing variable valve control system), maximum power: 179(243 HP) /5200 Kw/rpm, and maximum torque: 376/. Fuel tank capacity: 87L Emission standard: driving mode: four-wheel drive, steering mode: power steering, suspension mode: front double fork independent suspension, rear four-bar linkage suspension, tires: 265/70R16, minimum steering radius: 5.7m..

　The off-road performance, reliability and comfort of 22 Toyota Overbearing 4000 are all in by going up one flight of stairs, powered by a 4.0-liter V6 engine with a maximum power of 183/5600(Kw/rpm) and equipped with a 6-speed automatic manual transmission. Non-loaded body, low-speed four-wheel drive, all-terrain tires, middle and rear differential locks, and excellent data of contact angle and departure angle, Toyota Overbearing 4000 has all the rigidity necessary for a professional off-road vehicle.

The rear space of 22 Middle East Toyota Overbearing 4000 is also remarkable. In order to make the capacity of the trunk change with the use, the Overbearing 4000 is equipped with a hidden third row of seats, which facilitates the space arrangement in the car to the maximum extent. Overbearing 4000 not only has amazing off-road performance, but also has excellent road driving performance and comfortable performance of high-end cars.

For example, this car is often mentioned as a space problem. Let’s take a look at it together.

First of all, from the appearance, the front face of Model 3 adopts a very avant-garde personality design and is equipped with a blackened air intake grille, which looks sporty. Then a simple headlight design is adopted, and the design looks very exquisite. The car is equipped with LED daytime running lights, automatic opening and closing, adaptive far and near light, delayed closing and so on. Coming to the side of the car, the body size of the car is 4724MM*1848MM*1430MM, and the car adopts lines with flamboyant personality. The side circumference looks very fashionable and atmospheric, and with large-sized thick-walled tires, it looks full of sports. In the rear part, the overall shape of the rear of Model 3 echoes the front face, and the taillights give people a very dynamic feeling and create a good gas field.

In terms of interior, the interior looks cool and the overall design is fashionable and concise. With the three-spoke steering wheel, it is equipped with electric up and down+front and rear adjustment, steering wheel memory, steering wheel heating and other functions, giving people an impulse to control it. From the central control point of view, the car is equipped with a touch-sensitive LCD central control screen, which makes the interior style impressive and looks young. Let’s take a look at the dashboard and seats again. The car is equipped with a delicate dashboard, and the information can be read easily and clearly. The car uses imitation leather seats, which are wide and thick and very comfortable to ride.

Model 3 is matched with the gearbox, which is 343KW and 723N.m, and its power performance is good.

The space size of the trunk of Model 3 is in line with its household positioning, and the storage space for family travel can be satisfied, with excellent space flexibility. In addition, the car is equipped with anti-lock braking (ABS), LED daytime running lights, brake assist (EBA/BAS, etc.), braking force distribution (EBD), traction control (ASR/TCS, etc.), main driving airbag, co-pilot airbag, side airbag curtain, front side airbag and other safety configurations.

The model class introduced today is the most considered class when many people buy their first car, mainly because the size of this class is moderate and the price is reasonable. Today, you can go to the 4S shop to experience this car.

Tan Dun

Tan Dun won the 73rd Academy Award for Best Composition.

Tan Dun directed the Song Mountain Music Festival "Zen Shaolin" in China

　　What kind of music will the world hear at the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games? Is it rock music that stirs Guo Jingjing’s diving sound, Yao Ming’s dribbling sound and Liu Xiang’s starting rhythm? Or the Shaolin Zen music of Zhong Mingshan Forest and Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon? Or the mysterious music of a village tribe in China?

　　Tan Dun, an international musician who is famous for his innovation, always blends rich oriental charm with western pop elements.

　　This background undoubtedly made him a popular music planner for the opening ceremony of the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games. Recently, our reporter interviewed Tan Dun, who has just successfully completed the planning and creation of "Zen Shaolin Music Grand Ceremony", by email, hoping to give you an answer.

　　Tan Dun Music Creativity

　　How romantic it is to make music with the voice of athletes’ bodies. I have been touched myself, and I can also touch everyone in the world.

　　Bidding: Do you do physical exercise after work? What’s your favorite sport? Who is your favorite athlete?

　　Tan Dun: I insist on swimming every day after work, which is why I always try to have a swimming pool in my hotel when I am on a world tour. I like to brew melodies while swimming, so I often swim for half an hour without knowing it. Conceiving in water makes me feel immersed in the source of inspiration, because water is a symbol of hope and regeneration.

　　My favorite athletes are Guo Jingjing, Yao Ming and Liu Xiang. In my mind, all three of them are musicians, because I saw music and heard colors in their sports. The rhythm and intensity of their movements make me feel as if even the earth can be shocked and reversed. I’m doing research in this field recently, and I plan to turn Guo Jingjing’s diving sound, Yao Ming’s racket sound and Liu Xiang’s starting rhythm into rock music. I hope I can turn the athletes’ hard work and unparalleled shock into a very poetic music, which is the voice of their bodies and the rhythm of their hearts. How romantic it is to make music with their body sounds. I have been touched myself and I can touch everyone in the world.

　　Tan Dun Olympic Dream

　　I dream that Beijing Olympic Games is a world full of poetry, romance and love.

　　Competitive bidding: I heard that recently, IOC President Rogge watched the "Zen Shaolin Music Festival" created and planned by you at the Shaolin Temple in Songshan, the birthplace of Zen, and he excitedly raised your hands and said to all the audience and the media, "It’s so beautiful, this program deserves an Olympic gold medal! Composer Tan Dun should win the Olympic champion! " Is it true?/You don’t say.

　　Tan Dun: It’s true. We were all very excited at that time. This is the IOC’s great appreciation of Wushu and the traditional culture of China-Zen philosophy. Since I wrote Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon, I have been continuing my feelings, trying to bring China traditional sports-Wushu to a poetic and romantic realm through music. I dream that the Olympic Games in Beijing is also a world full of poetry, romance and love.

　　Tan Dun’s "Root" of Creation

　　Only new "creativity" can connect the contemporary world with the future China.

　　Competition: You once said that you hoped that orchestras all over the world could play your works to promote China culture and make China culture a big step forward in the 21st century. Is this an important part of your musical ideal?

　　Tan Dun: Yes.

　　My music is in sync with the world, which challenges my creation, and I must also try my best to bring surprises to the world. Can you imagine growing tea and making a tea ceremony in the desert? I just staged my new opera Tea in the desert of New Mexico. It’s so Zen. Everyone was drunk by China in the desert. I’m trying to attract a jade, which requires all art institutions at home and abroad to pay attention to the recognition of "China’s creative culture" and let the whole world know more about Chinese, so that we can have a dialogue with the world. Creativity is a bridge, and only new creativity can connect the contemporary world with the future China. Only in this way can people love a modern China.

　　Competitive newspaper: You said that China is the "root" of your creation. Is this an important reason why your music is widely praised in the world?

　　Tan Dun: This year, my new concept of "Organic Music and Green Rhythm" will be invited to tour 17 countries. The more praise the world gives me, the more I appreciate China culture. I feel that instead of praising me, I should be grateful for this magical land behind me. It is this fertile soil that gave me a golden key, which opened the doors of the metropolitan opera, the Vienna "Golden Music" Hall and the Berlin Philharmonic, the most famous art halls in the world. I believe that we can also use this "golden key" to open the holy door of the Olympic Games.

　　In your opinion, how will the opportunity of hosting the Olympic Games in Beijing promote the spread and promotion of China culture in the world?

　　Tan Dun: As I said, I have a golden key in my hand, which is a magic key made of special materials. It contains China’s profound philosophy, intelligent tradition and creative people, and I am proud to be a member of this group of people. As long as we never forget to excavate and inherit our traditional culture, we will always get inspiration and harvest from it. We must not neglect our own value, because this is precisely the reason why the whole world respects China, and it is also the capital for us to host the Olympic Games and participate in the Olympic culture.

　　Tan Dun Olympic Songs

　　A successful Olympic song, first of all, should be "mind-wandering", which is my advice to all Olympic song creators.

　　Bidding: Beijing is collecting Olympic songs. Is there an Olympic song that impresses you now? What advice do you have for the creators of the songs? What characteristics do you think a successful work should have?

　　Tan Dun: To be a successful Olympic song, we must first "take the heart" and be able to sing the heartfelt desire and passion. This is also my advice to all Olympic song creators (including myself). In addition to "mind-wandering", we should also "be innovative" and innovate a new skill, new structure and new language, pointing directly at people’s spiritual world. We should be international, ethnic and have the courage to innovate.

　　Bidding: Do you have any plans to create theme songs or other musical works for Beijing 2008 Olympic Games?

　　Tan Dun: Like all my colleagues who participated in the creation, I have exhausted my mind in the creation of Olympic music. Before that, I specially went to some cradles of China traditional culture to collect folk songs. The resources there inspired me. There, I heard the world’s expectations for China culture. Olympic songs are hymns written by God through our hands. This is the voice from heaven and the dream of harmony between heaven and earth.

　　Brief introduction of Tan Dun

　　Tan Dun, born in Hunan, was admitted to Beijing Central Conservatory of Music in 1978 and obtained a master’s degree in music. After going to the United States in 1986, he obtained a doctorate in music from Columbia University. Now living in new york.

　　Tan Dun’s major works include: Symphonic Drama Series, which includes five symphonic works. Among them, Tan Dun tried to bring China’s ancient witch culture into modern symphony performance; Organic music series, which integrates natural timbre into symphony, and its representative works include Water Music, Paper Music and Tao Le; Multimedia series, exploring audio-visual structure and creating new media across time and space and culture, with representative works such as Map.

　　Tan Dun, a composer and conductor famous for his innovation, is currently the music planner for the opening ceremony of the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games. He has been involved in the music creation of films about Beijing’s Olympic bid since 2000.

　　Tan Dun has crossed many boundaries between tradition and modernity, between East and West, between classics and pop. For music lovers all over the world, Tan Dun is undoubtedly a cultural banner with rich oriental colors, paving a bridge for the integration of Chinese and Western cultures. Tan Dun has won the most influential and prestigious music awards in the world, including the Grammy Award and the Oscar Award for Best Original Music, and was awarded the "Composer of the Year" by the American Music Association. He was also named one of the ten Chinese who influenced the world in 2006 by the ten most important Chinese media in the world, such as Phoenix TV.

　　Tan Dun Olympic Fate

　　I am an Olympic volunteer, and I hope I can provide my knowledge and experience in music creation without reservation.

　　Bidding: Please tell us about the cultural and promotional activities related to the Beijing Olympic Games in the past.

　　Tan Dun: I have always had a relationship with the Olympic Games. Seven years ago, I participated in the music creation of China’s Olympic bid film. When it was announced in Moscow that China had won the right to host the Olympic Games, I felt honored, because my music also played a small role in China’s successful bid for the Olympic Games. I feel that I have studied music all my life. If I can participate in this once-in-a-century activity, it is our fate, and it is my fate with China culture.

　　Competitive bidding: What other Olympic-related work will you do now or in the coming year? In what way will you participate in the Beijing Olympic Games?

　　Tan Dun: I am honored to be invited by BOCOG to be the music planner for the Beijing Olympic Games. In my work, I have been looking for inspiration from eastern and western cultures, and at the same time, with the help of my friends all over the world, I have attracted these "world leaders" to this sacred work. Apart from composing theme songs, I am also planning some other Olympic-related music, such as Olympic logo music and award music. This is a huge echelon project, in which everyone is silently contributing. I am an Olympic volunteer. I hope I can provide my knowledge and experience in music creation without reservation. I hope our small contribution can contribute to the success of the Olympic Games. I am very proud of being a volunteer of the Olympic Games.

　　Tan Dun Beijing Impression

　　During the Olympic Games, Beijing should have fresh air, cool breeze and unparalleled enthusiasm.

　　Competitive newspaper: Do you feel that the Olympic Games have brought changes to Beijing? What do you think of this change?

　　Tan Dun: This is a rare opportunity in a century. With this opportunity, we will work harder to change the living environment and realize our green dream. It is indeed a very difficult task to make our sky bluer and our water cleaner, so that our future generations can live in a better environment. However, hosting the Olympic Games has greatly touched us, and people should take improving the environment as a top priority by supporting the Olympic Games. Our efforts now will be the greatest wealth for the future.

　　Bidding: What do you think Beijing is like during the Olympic Games?

　　Tan Dun: At that time, Beijing should have fresh air, cool breeze and unparalleled enthusiasm. The whole city was full of love, and the whole world was intoxicated and crazy about it. (Source: Competitive Newspaper)

Editor: Zhu Xinrui

　　In view of the pronunciation of the place name Lu ‘an, Anhui Province, which caused controversy recently, the Division of Geographical Names of the Ministry of Civil Affairs gave an authoritative statement.

　　On May 15th, a netizen left a message on the portal of the Ministry of Civil Affairs asking about the pronunciation of the word "six" in Lu ‘an City, Anhui Province: "According to the phonetic notation of Lu ‘an City in the Administrative Division of the People’s Republic of China 2015, ‘ Luan Shi’ According to the latest edition of the administrative divisions of the People’s Republic of China, Lu ‘an City, Anhui Province ‘ Six ’ Has there been any change in the speech? Are you still studying for six (Lu) Ann? "

　　In this regard, on May 19, the Division of Geographical Names of the Ministry of Civil Affairs replied that in the "Administrative Division of the People’s Republic of China 2020", the pinyin of Lu’ an was "Lu’ an Shi”。

　　Located in the west of Anhui Province, Lu ‘an, commonly known as "West Anhui", is a regional central city in Dabie Mountain, a sub-central city in Hefei Economic Circle, a connecting city in Wanjiang City, an industrial transfer and radiation city in Yangtze River Delta, and a national land transportation hub city.

　　Recently, Lu ‘an City has attracted social attention due to the local COVID-19 epidemic, while its pronunciation has also caused controversy. In recent news programs broadcast by CCTV News Channel, many anchors read Lu ‘an as "Li Φ ā n", while in news programs of anhui tv and Lu ‘an Radio and Television Station, anchors still read Lu ‘an as "Li Φ ā n".

Jing Guan zong fa [2023] No.54

All units and departments of this customs:

　　In order to thoroughly study and implement the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the New Era, thoroughly implement the spirit of the 20th Party Congress, fully implement the major decision-making arrangements made by the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on optimizing the business environment, further implement the relevant requirements of the "16 Measures for Customs to Optimize the Business Environment" issued by the General Administration of Customs, and combine the actual economic and social development of the capital to continuously create a "domestic leading and world-class" business environment in Beijing, Beijing Customs has studied and formulated the "27 Specific Measures for Beijing Customs to Optimize the Business Environment", which is hereby issued. The relevant requirements are hereby notified as follows:

　　First, improve the station and strengthen policy coordination.

　　All units and departments should effectively improve their political positions, proceed from the height of stressing politics and the overall situation, thoroughly implement the 27 Specific Measures of Beijing Customs to Optimize the Business Environment, and organically combine them with the 22 measures of the 2023 Beijing Customs Special Action to Promote Trade Facilitation and the 26 measures to promote Beijing’s high-level opening and high-quality development, and make overall plans to ensure that all measures achieve pragmatic results.

　　Second, pay close attention to implementation and form a joint effort.

　　All units and departments should strengthen the awareness of "a game of chess" and form a working mechanism of performing their duties, grasping and managing together and promoting together. All functional departments should take the initiative to do a good job of up-and-down linkage and left-and-right coordination, and promptly guide the scene to solve practical problems. In case of difficult problems in the process of implementing policies and measures, it is necessary to report to the relevant departments of the General Administration for instructions at the first time. At the same time, it is necessary to carry out policy evaluation in a timely manner, track the effectiveness, and timely form our experience, typical cases and policy suggestions that can be popularized and effective. All customs offices should focus on the concerns of market participants and the society, and do a good job in the implementation of various tasks. They should not only do a good job in the "prescribed actions" of various tasks, but also boldly explore the "optional actions" that are in line with reality, so as to strive for more highlights and more results.

　　Third, strengthen research and release policy dividends

　　All units and departments should study and implement the theme education of Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the new era, carry out in-depth investigation and study, understand the needs of enterprises in various forms, and get through the "last mile" of serving enterprises. In accordance with the requirements of the Notice of the General Business Department of the General Administration of Customs on Relevant Matters Concerning the Implementation of Article 16 on Optimizing the Business Environment of Customs (Comprehensive Letter [2023] No.67), we should comprehensively utilize traditional media and new media, and combine the activities of "sending the policy to the door", "sending 100 cadres to the grassroots" and "bringing the customs policy into thousands of households" to carry out classified publicity and training for different enterprise groups and the public, so that enterprises can listen.

　　I hereby inform you.

Beijing Customs　　　　

June 29, 2023　　

27 Specific Measures for Beijing Customs to Optimize Business Environment

　　First, continuously improve the efficiency of cross-border logistics

　　(1) Deepen the reform of "direct lifting by boat" and "direct loading at port", further optimize the mode and improve the quality, improve the participation and awareness of enterprises on the principle of respecting the wishes of enterprises, and promote the expansion of "direct lifting by boat" and "direct loading at port". Support Beijing airport to explore the pilot mode of "direct lifting" and "direct loading". (Responsible department: Supervision Department)

　　(2) Give further play to the advantages of territorial supervision, and give priority to inspection and quarantine of qualified agricultural products if they hit the operation instructions of territorial inspection and inspection, according to the application of enterprises. Carry out the "5+2" scheduled inspection, organize all subordinate customs to set up and make public the local inspection appointment telephone number, and timely carry out the inspection of goods according to the appointment time according to the application of enterprises, so as to reduce the waiting time of enterprises. (Responsible department: Inspection Office)

　　Two, support the import of advanced technology and equipment, special items.

　　(3) Optimize the import supervision and inspection process, and comprehensively promote the mode of monitoring and inspection of high-tech goods such as vacuum packaging. Strengthen policy propaganda and guide qualified enterprises to apply for high-tech monitoring and inspection. Strengthen information exchange and coordination with local government departments, standardize enterprises in the jurisdiction to fill in application materials and carry out preliminary filing. Track and evaluate the import and export control inspection of enterprises participating in the control inspection mode of high-tech goods such as vacuum packaging, and increase the sense of acquisition of high-tech enterprises. (Responsible department: Risk Control Branch)

　　(four) to carry out in-depth investigation and study, to do a good job of policy interpretation, to provide guidance services for the relevant enterprises to handle tax reduction and exemption procedures, so that they should be exempted. (Responsible department: Customs Office)

　　(five) to cooperate with the General Administration to improve the functions of the examination and approval and analysis system for entry-exit health and quarantine of special goods. Further promote the "intelligent approval" policy for special items and realize "zero waiting" for the approval of low-risk special items. Improve the risk assessment process and standards for high-risk special goods, and promote the application of "one increase, one decrease and one fixation" measures. (Responsible department: Health Inspection Office)

　　III. Promoting the import and export of agricultural, food and energy minerals

　　(six) to cooperate with the General Administration of agricultural products risk assessment and quarantine access, and promote the diversification of agricultural products imports. (Responsible department: Animal and Plant Inspection Office)

　　(seven) to meet the needs of industrial development, and actively strive for the innovation policy support of animal and plant quarantine system from the General Administration to help the export of agricultural products in the customs area. (Responsible department: Animal and Plant Inspection Office)

　　(eight) to implement the diversification strategy of food imports and promote the stability of the international food supply chain. Cooperate with the General Administration to carry out the pre-entry evaluation of meat products exported from Tunisia, Sudan and Morocco and the entry evaluation of aquatic products exported from Tunisia, and do a good job of access control from the source. To undertake the registration review task of overseas food production enterprises issued by the General Administration. (Responsible department: Food Safety Department)

　　(9) Continuously optimize the requirements and modes of inspection and supervision, implement "release before inspection" for imported low-risk mineral products and crude oil, implement "enterprise-applied" quality inspection for imported iron ore and cotton, and adopt the inspection results for imported clothing, cement and other commodities. (Responsible department: Commodity Inspection Office)

　　Fourth, continue to promote cross-border trade facilitation

　　(10) Promote the special action of Beijing Customs to promote trade facilitation in 2023, evaluate the business environment of the World Bank, and continuously improve the level of trade facilitation. (Responsible department: General Office)

　　(eleven) to promote the construction and application of "single window" in international trade, in accordance with the deployment of the General Administration, to promote the implementation of liquefied natural gas (LNG) online tax rebate, export goods subsidized/non-tax rebate certificate online verification and other service functions. (Responsible department: Customs Office, General Office)

　　(twelve) to support the local port management departments to carry out the pilot construction of "smart ports". Support the establishment and pilot project of Beijing double hub airport integrated service platform. (Responsible department: General Office, Supervision Office)

　　V. Helping to build a high-level open platform

　　(XIII) Promote the implementation of the comprehensive reform of the Comprehensive Bonded Zone and help the high-quality construction of the Zhongguancun Comprehensive Bonded Zone in Beijing. Promote the "bonded+e-commerce" model to promote consumption replenishment and potential release. We will promote three customs supervision modes of cultural works of art: "warehousing in the region+exhibition outside the region", "exhibition in the region+online transaction" and "bonded exhibition transaction". Promoting the mode of "bonded+quarantine" and improving the supervision efficiency of biomedicine. Promote the "bonded+warehousing" model to help enterprises increase revenue and reduce expenditure. (Responsible department: Enterprise Management Office)

　　Sixth, the service free trade agreement will play a better role.

　　(14) Do a good job in tracking and analyzing the implementation effect of preferential trade agreements, make classified policies, strengthen targeted policy propaganda and guidance for Beijing advanced certification enterprises, newly implemented member countries and import and export enterprises in related key industries, make full use of rules of origin to enjoy benefits, improve the utilization rate of agreements, further promote the high-quality implementation of RCEP, and continue to promote the reform measures of intelligent examination of certificates of origin and self-service printing to facilitate enterprises to fully enjoy benefits. (Responsible department: Customs Office)

　　(fifteen) to further explore and promote the characteristics of the "three wisdom" project, and actively promote the construction of intelligent border and intelligent access, and strive to form a replicable and scalable experience of Beijing. Relying on the international cooperation mechanism, we will actively publicize the concept of "three intelligences" in foreign exchange activities and exchange experience in building "three intelligences". Strengthen the political research and publicity of the "three intelligences" and increase the promotion of ideas and practices. (Responsible department: office)

　　Seven, to further facilitate the export tax rebate.

　　(16) In accordance with the unified arrangements of the General Administration of Taxation, the electronic interaction of customs declaration and invoice information is promoted by relying on the "single window", so that enterprises can automatically call the customs declaration and invoice information when they declare export tax rebates through the "single window" and the electronic tax bureau, which is convenient for enterprises to declare export tax rebates. (Responsible Department: Data Sub-center)

　　Eight, strengthen the cultivation of advanced certification enterprises.

　　(XVII) Under the framework of AEO mutual recognition cooperation of the General Administration of Customs, actively promote the implementation of AEO mutual recognition measures and do a good job in relevant mutual recognition evaluation. Focusing on enterprises that have trade relations with countries in the Belt and Road Initiative, member countries of the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (RCEP), five Central Asian countries and Central and Eastern European countries, we will intensify credit cultivation for cross-border e-commerce and foreign trade integrated service platform enterprises, "specialized and innovative" and headquarters economy enterprises, expand the capacity of key enterprise cultivation libraries, carry out targeted cultivation for key enterprises, improve the quality and efficiency of cultivation, and actively cultivate and increase the number of advanced certified enterprises in customs areas. Through the combination of "online and offline", we will increase the publicity of customs AEO system and customs credit management related systems and expand the scope of publicity. (Responsible department: Enterprise Management Office)

　　IX. Expand the application of the voluntary disclosure policy

　　(eighteen) with the General Administration of voluntary disclosure policy revision. Enterprises that meet the requirements shall be given a lighter, mitigated or no administrative punishment according to law, and the late payment fee for tax payment shall be reduced or exempted according to law, providing enterprises with convenient channels for fault tolerance and error correction and law-abiding. Actively carry out publicity on the relevant policies of voluntary disclosure to enterprises, so that more enterprises that meet the requirements can enjoy the customs policy dividend. (Responsible department: Inspection Office)

　　Ten, promote the upgrading of processing trade.

　　(nineteen) in accordance with the unified deployment of the General Administration, innovate the customs supervision mechanism, support the development of new formats such as bonded maintenance and remanufacturing, improve the level of information management, and optimize operating procedures. Combined with the actual situation of processing trade in customs area, relevant facilitation measures are implemented, and suggestions for upgrading processing trade are put forward to the General Administration in various ways to promote the sustained and healthy development of processing trade and the stability of industrial chain and supply chain. (Responsible departments: Enterprise Management Office and Audit Office)

　　XI. Promote the sustained and healthy development of cross-border e-commerce

　　(20) Implement the comprehensive reform requirements of cross-border e-commerce customs supervision, refine and improve the system and measures of cross-border e-commerce online shopping bonded import supervision, and improve the standardization level of cross-border e-commerce online shopping bonded import supervision. (Responsible departments: Postal Office, Enterprise Management Office)

　　(twenty-one) in accordance with the requirements of the General Administration of pilot, timely promote the electronic tax payment function, to facilitate enterprises to handle tax payment business online. (Responsible department: Customs Office)

　　(twenty-two) to promote the strengthening of cross-border e-commerce B2B export overseas warehouse qualification mutual recognition with local authorities. On the premise of ensuring data security, provide relevant data services for local commercial departments. (Responsible departments: Postal Office, Statistics Office)

　　(23) Implement measures to upgrade the function of the return center warehouse, and strive to pilot the cross-border e-commerce online shopping bonded retail import cross-customs return mode and cross-border e-commerce general export goods cross-customs return. (Responsible departments: Postal Office, Enterprise Management Office)

　　XII. Support the development of new bonded maintenance formats.

　　(24) In accordance with the relevant regulations of the General Administration of Taxation, support enterprises in the comprehensive bonded zone to carry out bonded maintenance business of the Group’s domestically produced products, and support large-scale equipment such as aircraft, ships and offshore engineering structures imported by financial leasing enterprises registered in the comprehensive bonded zone to carry out bonded inspection and maintenance business outside the domestic area according to the existing regulations, so as to promote the orderly development of related businesses. Cooperate with local commercial departments to do a good job in customs supervision of bonded maintenance related to enterprises outside the comprehensive bonded area that meet the requirements. (Responsible departments: Enterprise Management Office and Audit Office)

　　Thirteen, continue to do a good job in technical trade measures consulting services.

　　(twenty-five) to carry out the annual statistical investigation of the impact of foreign technical trade measures, actively carry out enterprise publicity, research and comment and special trade concerns. Relying on the "Jingguan Technology and Trade" column and other channels to provide technology and trade information to help enterprises explore overseas markets. (Responsible department: General Office)

　　Fourteen, strengthen the customs protection of intellectual property rights.

　　(26) Strengthen the customs protection of intellectual property rights of independent brands, encourage independent brands and small and medium-sized enterprises with import and export needs to apply for customs filing of intellectual property rights, provide policy interpretation and rights protection guidance for enterprises, support enterprises to explore the international market, and provide support for enterprises to protect their rights overseas. Continue to carry out "Longteng Action 2023" and "Blue Net Action 2023". Strengthen the tips on intellectual property risks of import and export enterprises, and improve the ability of enterprises to prevent and resolve infringement risks. Provide targeted guidance and services to independent intellectual property enterprises to help cultivate enterprises with export intellectual property advantages. (Responsible department: General Office)

　　Fifteen, strengthen the analysis of foreign trade situation and customs statistics services.

　　(twenty-seven) to strengthen the import and export monitoring of key commodities, do a good job in foreign trade data release. Timely submit special statistical reports to local governments and statistical information of key commodities to the General Administration. According to the relevant regulations of the General Administration, the foreign trade data of Beijing area are published on the website of Beijing Customs on a regular basis. According to the deployment of the General Administration, we will promote the digital statistical service mode for the public. (Responsible department: Statistics Department)