Social cow disease, what’s so good about it? Original Xiaobei Peking University Publishing House is included in the topic # Social phobia, 1# Internet neologism, 1# Hot Spots, 16.

Recently, many people want to get a "disease"-social arrogance.

What do you mean by "social arrogance"?

Literally, it is not difficult to understand: contrary to "social phobia", I am not timid in social aspects.

Whether you are a semi-acquaintance who has only met a few times or a stranger who has never met before, you can talk with confidence and Kan Kan, and never care about other people’s eyes and ridicule.

For social terrorists who are embarrassed and nervous when they get close to people, they are really envious.

The origin of the disease is beyond examination, but on various social and video platforms, there are legends that patients are getting wild.

"Social cow disease" has become

A hot topic that has been played more than 1.4 billion times on Tik Tok.

It has been found that parents and elders are high-risk groups of social arrogance.

Some like to sing loudly in the park intoxicated, and some can talk to anyone, so there is no one they don’t know well.

Some people have concluded that those who can eat the star bowl of rice have the genes of some social experts.

Sa Beining became the deputy director of the school radio station by "cheeky" self-recommendation; Lareina is an ordinary ice-breaking and hot-field expert; Child star Hu Xianxu has been "popular" since childhood ▼

Not only stars, but also their hospitable cats and dogs, human cubs who are bold and curious about the world, and even the edited Harry Potter have become proud symptom owners ▼

Bilibili praised the video of "Harry Potter’s social arrogance"

By next bam bam jun

There are also some people who boldly let go of themselves and have no psychological burden. Shouting in public, dancing passionately in public … all kinds of "out of line" behaviors are completely out of the question.

The eyes of the crowd are their stimulants.

Some of these behaviors are exaggerated shows, which earn attention and traffic through "wonderful people"; But behind the netizens’ hot discussion about the disease, there is a deeper psychological appeal.

The first one is the desire to "be brave to be yourself".

I believe that many students were educated as children to be "sensible children" and think for others; Actively capture other people’s emotional thoughts, so as to give an appropriate and decent response.

This can easily lead to the situation that in social interaction, people care too much about what others think of them and put their feelings above their own. At the extreme, it will become a "please-type personality":

Don’t dare to refuse the rude request of others; Excessive criticism from others, accept all the orders; I’m wrong and I can, but the word "no" is hard to say.

Compared with living in harsh self-examination all the time, "social arrogance" is very attractive because it ignores the freedom and "licentiousness" of others’ eyes.

People with flattering personality are usually people who are not confident enough. They are afraid that their "true self" is not good enough to be liked, so they are afraid of embarrassment, refutation and rejection.

This kind of "fear" makes them live in a cocoon house built by many "dare not" in public: they dare not attract the attention of others in a high-profile way, dare not recognize and affirm themselves, and even dare not express their thoughts, joys and sorrows in public.

One of the symptoms of social awesome:

Regardless of the eyes of others, boldly let go of your feelings.

This is also why with the growth of age and experience, some people have changed from "social fear" with trepidation to social experts who dare to speak out-

On the one hand, it is the self-confidence brought by the accumulation of social skills and work ability; On the other hand, it is gradually recognized that "other people’s opinions" in social communication are actually not that important; Sometimes it is even fictional and imaginary, and it is the rules and regulations we impose on our words and deeds.

When you watch the video of "social madness", you feel that "it’s so cool not to care about others", you may want to reflect:

How long has it been since you took good care of your needs and made allowance for your feelings?

In addition to hoping to "be brave and shine with confidence", Xiaobei thinks that "social arrogance" is also popular because it represents a kind of high emotional intelligence social skills to some extent.

It’s too difficult to be a man!

However, this society with high speed and information explosion always seems to give more favor and preference to children with high emotional intelligence and ability to be human.

In the workplace, under the same basic conditions, most employees who know how to show their abilities and achievements "mix" better;

In school, it is often the active and cheerful children who are more liked by teachers and classmates. Wherever they go, they are C-places with their own aura and prosperity;

Even in leisure activities, people who can socialize can often make friends or even "take off the bill" as soon as possible …

A netizen in the Douban group posted about his "social cow disease", which aroused everyone’s envy:

See "Douban Goose Group" in the original post.

The comment "How did this disease get infected" received more than 10,000 praises.

The landlord’s powerful examples include:

Get acquainted with colleagues within one week every time you enter a new unit; It is recognized as the "warm field king"; Naturally praise the leadership without affectation and actively report to the leadership; I quickly mingle with people from all walks of life … I get the most evaluation that my emotional intelligence is super high and exquisite.

Interestingly, at the end of the article, the landlord said that he was actually a contradiction:

In fact, my true personality is inferior and introverted.

The comment area has learned a lot: awesome, but how to overcome the inner introversion and inferiority? Others asked: Is this "soaring acting"?

This statement is actually traceable.

Erving goffman, an American sociologist, put forward a famous theory of "parody".

In the theoretical masterpiece "Self-Presentation in Daily Life", he compared society to a theater, compared social members of different genders, classes and occupations (that is, you and me) to actors who play different roles in society, and compared interpersonal communication to acting.

For example, a good boss should be strong and charming, a qualified friend should be patient and enthusiastic, a decent middle class should be proficient in using steak knives and forks, and a female star on TV should be glamorous …

In the social operation, everyone is playing his "role" conscientiously.

Why do we need to "perform"?

Gofman put forward a concept: impression management.

In the process of interaction, people will always consciously or unconsciously "show" themselves to each other, thus shaping others’ impressions of themselves.

When a person appears in front of others, they usually want to know about this person or call up all kinds of information they have about this person.

They will be interested in his general socio-economic status, his self-concept, his attitude towards them, his ability and his trustworthiness.

This is due to some practical reasons: obtaining the information of an individual helps to define the situation, so that others can know in advance what the individual expects of them, and what they may expect of the individual, so as to make appropriate responses.

In the words of Gustav Ichheiser:

An individual will have to take action to expresses himself intentionally or unintentionally, and in turn, others will have to accept the impressed he has made in some way.

In this sense, people who are good at socializing are also good at "performing".

They can convey all kinds of symbols and information through appropriate and accurate words, actions and even expressions in interpersonal communication, so as to guide and even shape others to have a specific impression on themselves.

People who are not very sociable, or lack such awareness, or are ashamed to express themselves, or are not good at adjusting their performances according to different scenes, environments and audiences.

But it is worth noting that people are not actors in the true sense, and they are not always acting. In reality, performances are always performed intentionally or unintentionally, not completely false, disguised and deceptive.

Just like Sa Beining, the representative of "social arrogance" cited by everyone, he dares to laugh at himself, is not afraid to make exaggerated expressions and performances in his interactions with people, is good at taking over stalks, and never lets words fall to the ground; This is absolutely inseparable from deliberate impression management and shaping of people.

But behind his super ability of reaction, logic and language expression, his personality, knowledge and insight-that is, "acting" the real part.

This is why the audience still likes the cuteness and sincerity in his personality.

Gofman also put forward a pair of interesting concepts in Self-Presentation in Daily Life: "foreground" and "backstage".

The front desk is "standard expressive equipment that individuals use intentionally or unintentionally during the performance"; Personal front desk refers to the appearance and behavior of the role played by the individual. The former is used to inform people of the social identity of the performer at this time, while the latter enables others to predict what role the performer will play in the situation.

The backstage is the area after the performer’s "performance", which is separated from the performance stage. It is a place that the audience can’t enter and see, and it is also a place where individuals can relax and rest.

Gofman believes that there is no clear boundary between the foreground and the background, and they are transformed according to the change of the situation faced by the performers.

The distinction between front and back actually explains why many people are introverted, reserved and inarticulate in front of strangers; In front of acquaintances, they will immediately become cheerful, enthusiastic and "lawless."

Whether it is a person’s state or being with close friends and acquaintances, it is our "backstage comfort zone", where we can occasionally put down our burdens, focus on our goals and relax ourselves.

Finally, Xiao Bei thinks that, except for the grandstanding, the qualities of courage, cleverness and humor in "social arrogance" play a positive role in interpersonal communication.

But what can make interpersonal relationships last for a long time must be proper limit and comfort. And the two must be based on mutual understanding and care.

On the one hand, we might as well accept ourselves boldly and try to show ourselves skillfully; On the other hand, loyalty to self is always a precious virtue. After all, life is like a play, and the greatest weapon for an actor who laughs last on stage is sincerity.

-End-

Author: Yan Shu

Viewpoint reference: Self-presentation in Daily Life

[America] Irving gofman, translated by Feng Gang.

Reprint and cooperation, please send email:

scb01@pup.cn

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Classical works in the field of sociology understand our world from another angle. Know some social psychology and enjoy modern life!

Original title: "Social cow disease, is there a good cow? 》

Read the original text

　　Forensic doctors are specialized personnel in judicial organs who use medical technology to identify and identify persons, corpses, articles or substances related to cases. Their paper identification often determines the nature of a person’s crime and non-crime, misdemeanor and felony, and involves the future direction of a person or even a family. Therefore, for each identification, they are like walking on thin ice.

Procuratorial Forensic Medicine: Grasping the Knife and Pen of Justice

For the identification of casualties in criminal cases, the procuratorial forensic doctor should conduct a "retrial check".

The picture is provided by Yang Jie, a forensic doctor of Kunming Procuratorate, Yunnan Province.

　　This newspaper (reporter Guo Meihong)"I’m sorry, I’ll reply you later. I just received two cases, both of which are urgent. " Before leaving work, Shang Yanjun, a forensic doctor of Luan County Procuratorate in Hebei Province, sent a text message to the reporter. Fourteen years ago, because of her "super professional identity" with forensic doctors, she "switched careers" halfway to join the professional group of procuratorial forensic doctors.

　　Forensic medicine, a profession dealing with injury and death, is full of mystery to ordinary people.

　　Procuratorial forensic doctors are a special team in the procuratorate. Their battlefields are autopsy room and medical equipment room. In addition to restoring the truth of casualties by meticulous and exquisite professional skills like ordinary forensic doctors, they also undertake a special task-review and supervision, that is, they have to "review and check" the casualty identification in criminal cases; They should be involved in the identification of casualties in detention centers, detention centers and prisons.

　　Some people are released on bail for coronary heart disease by taking atropine, some people suddenly fall to the ground and die when being questioned, some people deliberately identify minor injuries as minor injuries, and write serious injuries as minor injuries … All these require them to hold on to the knife and pencil of justice, expose the false appearance with excellent professional accumulation and professional ethics, and restore the truth.

　　Their paper appraisal often determines the nature of a person’s crime and non-crime, misdemeanor and felony, and involves the future direction of a person or even a family. Therefore, for each appraisal, they are like walking on thin ice, because a slight mistake may lead to unjust, false and wrong cases.

　　"disobedient son" kills father

　　Why only sentenced to three years?

　　A few years ago, a death case occurred in Dongxia Town, Yunxiao County, Fujian Province, in which Zhou injured his father Zhou Moushan. After the case happened, the news media made a lot of reports on the incident of "disobedient son killing father". For a time, public opinion accused his son of "going against the road and annihilating human nature". It seems that it is not enough for the people to be angry if Zhou is not shot. The case was submitted to Zhangzhou City Procuratorate, and forensic doctor Liu Longqing (who was awarded the first class merit by the Supreme People’s Procuratorate and won the title of "Watching Justice-Top Ten Prosecutors Favorite by the Masses") examined the injuries of the deceased, and without saying anything, he and the case handlers drove more than 100 kilometers to the crime scene. Liu Longqing frowned when he learned that the body had been cremated.

　　The original identification was that the deceased died of cerebral hemorrhage, but the autopsy photos could not show where the bleeding point was. Liu Longqing talked with relatives and neighbors of the deceased many times. When he learned from the relatives of the deceased that the deceased had a history of heart disease, he seemed to learn something from it.

　　After carefully reviewing the inspection report and combining the condition of the deceased before his death, Liu Longqing boldly proposed that the injury behavior of his son Zhou was not the direct cause of his father’s death.

　　He further explained that the deceased had a 4cm frustration laceration on the forehead. The original identification thought that the deceased died of severe craniocerebral injury. After examination, it was found that there was no fracture in the skull and skull base, no bleeding in the epidural, subdural and subarachnoid space, and no injury and bleeding in the brain and brain stem. Therefore, it was considered that there was insufficient basis for the death of craniocerebral injury. Combined with Zhou’s severe coronary heart disease before his death, he suggested that he died of a heart attack caused by emotional excitement and forehead trauma (minor injuries) after a fierce quarrel with his son.

　　"Human life, forensic examination of the body, is actually a dialogue between the living and the dead. What the body tells you, the forensic doctor will pass it on to the judicial personnel through the expert opinion. The process of identification is not that the forensic doctor is talking, but that the body is talking. If forensic doctors can’t maintain their independence and scientificity, but succumb to public opinion or agree with empiricism, it is not only an embarrassment to the profession, but also a trampling on judicial justice. " Liu Longqing said.

　　Finally, according to Liu Longqing’s appraisal opinion, the court of first instance sentenced his son Zhou to three years’ imprisonment for intentional injury causing minor injuries. The murder case that caused a lot of noise together was handled impartially because of Liu Longqing’s meticulous review.

　　Sudden death in interrogation room

　　In fact, it is not "complicated"

　　Jin Yankui of the Technical Information Research Center of the Supreme People’s Procuratorate has been a forensic doctor for 18 years. Most of the casualties he intervened in occurred in the supervision places, among which there were many cases of conflicts between prisoners or deaths caused by their own diseases. He said, after all, there are fewer people extorting confessions by torture now, unlike when management was not standardized in earlier years.

　　However, casualties in prisons or detention centers are easy to arouse suspicion from the outside world, so they, as professional forensic doctors in legal supervision departments, will intervene in the appraisal at the first time. "The prison administration said that the prisoner died of illness, but most of the family members did not recognize it, saying that it was healthy when he entered. You said it was illness, I don’t believe it. This requires us to inspect the forensic identification of how to die. "

　　Three years ago, a suspect died in a police detention room in a city in Hebei Province. The party was a female employee of a company, who claimed that she could get the land at a cheap price. Someone gave her more than 200,000 yuan, but after waiting for a long time, she didn’t see her take the land, so she called the police. The public security police suspected that she had committed fraud and took her to the detention room. She was interrogated from 8 pm to 11 pm. I had to take photos at the end of the interrogation, but I didn’t expect her to suddenly fall to the ground (there was a monitoring display).

　　No one hit her, how could she suddenly fall to the ground? What’s the problem? The police were in a hurry and quickly moved her to the soft sofa in the opposite room (but there was no monitoring in this room) and let her lie down for a while. A few minutes later, the suspect died.

　　Sick of death? Was tortured to death? In order to find out the cause of death of the suspect, the local prosecutor later entrusted the forensic identification of the Supreme Inspection Technology Center. Jin Yankui participated in the autopsy all the time, and he concluded that the deceased died of pulmonary embolism. "She is not too old, about 40 years old, but she is very fat and has high blood lipids. Sitting for a long time leads to venous thrombosis in the lower limbs and enters the pulmonary artery, causing blockage."

　　Yan Yankui introduced that once pulmonary embolism occurs, it can cause death in a few minutes. In fact, the police officers who questioned her had already called 120 emergency calls, but it was too late when 120 came. It was particularly difficult to rescue this disease, and the survival rate was about 50%.

　　"Can’t this kind of identification be done by the public security forensic doctor himself?"

　　"Technically, can do it. But in terms of identity, they can’t. Why? As a party, the public security organ makes its own appraisal. How can ordinary people take it? As a legal supervision department, procuratorial organs are also involved in cases. "

　　Jin Yankui said that many sudden deaths in supervision places are related to pulmonary artery thrombosis.

　　A similar case occurred in a prison a few years ago, and Jin Yankui participated in the autopsy. After he and his colleagues dissected the body, they found that all organs of the deceased were not sick, and the conclusion was also pulmonary embolism.

　　piercing eye

　　Dig up false medical records

　　Technical evidence review is the main work of forensic doctors in the procuratorate, which improves the quality of cases again and again in the process of examining and analyzing doubts. Lv Pin, a forensic doctor of Tangshan Procuratorate, Hebei Province, once encountered a medical record fraud case.

　　Zhang was injured in the head with a beer bottle and bit his left thumb. He went to several hospitals successively, and was mainly diagnosed as an open fracture of the left thumb, a traumatic crown fracture of the second right tooth and a traumatic loss of the third right tooth. The forensic doctor of the local public security organ asked the experts of stomatology and hand surgery for consultation, and issued an appraisal opinion on minor injuries. Ren refused to accept this appraisal, petitioned many times and asked for re-appraisal. An appraisal institute in Beijing issued a minor injury appraisal opinion based on Zhang’s absence of the third right upper tooth, crown fracture of the second right upper tooth and dysfunction of the left thumb. The public security organ accepted this opinion, took compulsory measures of criminal detention against Ren, and requested approval for arrest.

　　After the procuratorate approved the arrest, Ren’s family refused to accept it and kept petitioning. When the case entered the stage of review and prosecution, the Public Prosecution Division entrusted the Tangshan Procuratorate to review the technical evidence of Zhang’s injury and make a composite appraisal if necessary.

　　After accepting the case, Lv Pin carefully examined the outpatient and inpatient medical records and criminal investigation files submitted for trial, and asked the case-handling department to retrieve Zhang’s left hand X-ray film, dental film and injury photos the next day after the injury. The results showed that Zhang’s injury photos showed that Zhang’s upper lip was not damaged, and the third tooth in the upper right was missing, but the alveolar fossa was flat, which was inconsistent with the rehabilitation characteristics of "blood clot in alveolar fossa" recorded in outpatient medical records. Moreover, the dental reading film showed that there was no alveolar fossa in the third tooth in the upper right, and the alveolar bone was absorbed. According to the above situation, the third tooth on Zhang’s upper right should fall off before injury.

　　In order to further find out the truth, Lv Pin, after communicating with the Public Prosecution Section of the local procuratorate, decided to investigate Yang, a stomatologist in a hospital, and recheck the function of Zhang’s left thumb.

　　In the face of Lv Pin’s professional inquiry and a large amount of evidence, doctor Yang admitted that he had forged the outpatient medical records of stomatology after accepting Zhang’s benefits. This made the investigators of the public security organs particularly surprised, because when Ren petitioned, they also conducted many investigations on Yang, all of which were fruitless.

　　Later, Lv Pin examined the function of the victim Zhang’s left thumb, and found that the distal segment of his left thumb healed well, and the movement of his left thumb was OK. Finally, according to Zhang’s injury, Lv Pin issued a minor injury appraisal opinion, and the procuratorate made a decision not to prosecute Ren according to law. The doctor Yang and the victim Zhang were sentenced for perjury and false accusation respectively.

　　medical tangle

　　Can be "clarified" by identification.

　　In recent years, medical disputes are increasing day by day, and the relationship between doctors and patients is becoming increasingly tense. In order to deal with patient complaints and medical disputes, health departments, hospitals and related medical staff have spent a lot of time and energy. However, for a long time, due to the limited identification technology, it was difficult to find out the cause of the accident. In order to resolve the contradiction as soon as possible, the mediation result was often compensated by the hospital. Over time, the embarrassing situation of "making a big fuss and making a small loss" was formed. On the one hand, it increases the economic burden of medical units and the psychological pressure of medical staff, and reduces the reputation and image of medical units and medical staff in society. On the other hand, the mutual compromise between doctors and patients sometimes leads to the failure to effectively protect the interests of patients.

　　How to turn this "confused account" of medical disputes into a clear account? Liu Longqing introduced that the technical center of the Procuratorate of Zhangzhou City, Fujian Province, where he is located, extended its business to the identification of injuries in medical disputes very early.

　　The cause was an "illegal medical practice case". At that time, a lying-in woman fell down because of breast abscess acupuncture, and was taken to the hospital for emergency treatment. Three days later, the lying-in woman died after being rescued. Acupuncture practitioners are investigated for criminal responsibility for illegal medical practice, but is the hospital responsible? The patient is arguing with the hospital. Liu Longqing’s autopsy found that the whole pericardium of the deceased was full of blood, and the heart had a rupture, which was caused by pericardial tamponade. "From the patient’s physical examination data, the hospital should consider that it is caused by pericardial blockage."

　　Based on Liu Longqing’s appraisal conclusion, the hospital compensated the maternal family, and the dispute between the two sides subsided.

　　The handling of the case made Liu Longqing realize that establishing a perfect and smooth medical appraisal system is the key to resolving the contradiction between doctors and patients. The local health bureau decided to invite Liu Longqing to join the medical dispute mediation Committee as an expert. Liu Longqing agreed without hesitation. Of course, he knows that this is a "hot potato". If it is not handled well, he may be involved in contradictions, but he knows better that many people will benefit from rebuilding a harmonious doctor-patient relationship and safeguarding the interests of doctors and patients and the order of medical services.

　　Use evidence and logic to draw conclusions, avoid being interfered by public opinion, prejudice and power, remove false images from complicated appearances and find the truth. This is the direction and goal that prosecutors and forensic doctors all over the country have been striving for.

　　"Forensic work is like a one-man show without applause. At the time of judicial reform, we still cling to procuratorial technology." Fourteen years later, when she mentioned the original "career change", Shang Yanjun said that she still had no regrets.

A Brief Chronological History of China’s Network Literature

Editor-in-Chief Shao Yanjun Li Qiang

Peking University Press

August 2023

"A Brief Chronological History of China’s Network Literature" is the result of excavating and sorting out the basic historical materials of China’s network literature, which was completed by the Peking University network literature research team in ten years.Part two"A Brief History of Important Online Literature Websites", select 70 websites from hundreds, and write entries, brief history and special topics according to their importance. This is a convenient and reliable desk reference book for online literature researchers and enthusiasts.

Media backstage development"History of Net Text"Column, push the entries of the websites of "A Brief Chronological History of China Network Literature" respectively for readers, so please pay attention.

Fresh literature network

(1) Entries

The largest literary website in Taiwan, China, one of the most influential early literary websites in the whole Chinese-speaking region, plays an important role in cultivating the germination and development of Chinese mainland’s online novels. Founded on June 1, 2000, the founder Shen Yuan, referred to as "Xianwang" or "Xianxian".

Xianwang was born out of Yuanyuan Forum, an erotic novel forum under Giant Bean Square (founded in 1998). In 2000, there were some novel creations that did not take eroticism as the main content. Shen Yuan tried to establish a charging system, but the writers of erotic literature unanimously opposed it. In June, Shen Yuan established Xianwang, and published erotic novels. Rosen and other authors who became famous in Yuanyuan Forum continued to create in Xianwang. Xianwang has gathered many well-known fantasy and fantasy authors, and two of the "three fantastic books" in the early development of China’s online literature-Wandering Journey (Xiao Qian) and Legend of Little Soldiers (Xuan Yu) are all based on this (the other is Xiao Ding’s Zhu Xian). In addition to genre literature, Xianwang also contains other literary columns, such as "local literature" and "gay literature", where mainland authors such as Ji Dawei and Zhou Jieru have published their works.

After the failure of establishing the online charging system, Shen Yuan established Xianxian Culture Publishing House, which took renting a bookstore in Taiwan Province as the main channel, and created the operation mode of "online serialization-offline publishing" of online novels, which became the dominant business model of online novels before qidian successfully established the VIP paid reading system (October 2003). Since then, Griffin, Vientiane, Feixiang and other Taiwan Province publishing houses have also cooperated with mainland Dragon Sky and other websites to join this business model. Under the operation of this model (one volume per month, 60,000 words per volume, 10 to several hundred yuan for thousands of words), a large number of mainland online authors turned into professional authors, with hundreds of contracted authors at the peak. In the whole process of the commercialization of online literature in China, the cooperative operation of Taiwan Province websites, publishing houses, mainland websites and authors, such as Xianwang, is an important link that cannot be ignored.

After the successful operation of VIP paid reading fee system in mainland China, the influence of Xianwang began to decline. After 2005, we cooperated with mainland literature websites to launch VIP subscription mode, but with the maturity of mainland literature websites and the overall decline of Taiwan Province publishing industry, Xianwang declined year by year. In May 2014, Xianwang closed its station.

(Ji Yunfei, Liu Xinyi, Shao Yanjun)

▲ Fresh Literature Network Page

(2) A brief history

In 1998

The number of Internet users in Taiwan Province has exceeded 2 million. The government began to take over the domestic servers, and some privately built erotic literature websites, such as Tiger II and Aotu Club, were shut down.

Netizen Yuan Yuan (formerly known as Shen Yuan) founded the Giant Bean Square Forum and added Yuan Yuan’s discussion area. The main content of the discussion area is still erotic literature. The server is set up in North America, and the authors come from three places across the Taiwan Straits and overseas. Rosen began to create erotic works such as Zhu Yanxue and the Chronicle of Ali Buda in the discussion area of Yuanyuan, and began to serialize the prequel of Tales of Charm, which had a far-reaching impact on mainland readers.

In 1999,

On January 1st, all TV stations uniformly implemented the Measures for Classified Processing of TV Programs, adopting a four-level system of "universal level, protection level, guidance level and restriction level".

onemoonOn 25th, the Taiwan Province authorities abolished the Publishing Law and cancelled the strict publishing censorship.

In September, Taiwan Province chain bookstore "Jinshitang", established in 1983, announced the establishment of "Jinshitang Online Bookstore" to sell books in the form of online stores.

At the end of the year, a summary of erotic literature in 1999 was published in the discussion forum of Yuanyuan, commenting on the works of erotic literature writers in that year.

In 2000

The prequel of Rosen’s Tale of Charm was published by Vientiane Publishing House.

Feixiang Culture Publishing House launched the "Wisteria Collection" book series, which is the first book series focusing on BL theme in Taiwan Province; In June, the "Huajianji" book series, which belongs to Feixiang Publishing House, also turned to BL theme.

The mainland authors clay figurine (masterpiece "There are so many beauties in the country" and "In the world"), Duanmu (masterpiece "The Wind and Moon in the Mainland") and Half Frog (masterpiece "The Angel of Purgatory") rose to fame, and were called "the Three Masters of the Mainland".

On June 1st, under the background of some non-erotic literature creation in Yuan Yuan discussion forum, Shen Yuan set up a fresh literature network to place non-erotic literature, which was different from Yuan Yuan discussion forum, and promoted the novel publishing profit through the fresh culture publishing group to which the website belongs. Rosen, Lan Jing, Xuan Yu, Pistol, Xiao Qian and other authors who originally serialized their works in Yuanyuan Forum began to create in Xianwang. Among them, Blue Crystal’s The Magical Apprentice, Pistol’s Tian Mo Tan, and Xiao Qian’s Vague Journey have become classic works with fantasy themes. At the same time, authors of traditional literature, such as Ji Dawei and Zhou Jieru, began to create on Xianwang.

In addition to network literature, the website also includes traditional pure literature columns: there are sub-categories such as local literature and gay literature in the classification of works. At the time of its establishment, the daily page views reached 400,000, and the website is expected to reach 1.2 million by the end of 2000. At the beginning, readers can vote for their favorite authors. For every 1000 votes cast by readers, the author will get a remuneration of $1, and when the income reaches $20, Xianwang will send a check to distribute the remuneration.

On December 20th, Xianwang published five "heavyweight new books", covering thrillers, cities, gay literature, poems, short stories and other different types, marking the initial establishment of the mechanism that online literature is screened by readers and then published for profit. The five books are the thriller Snow White Murder by Purple Angel, Wu Fei and Jascha, the gay literature When the Monkey King falls in love with Tang Sanzang by Ji Dawei, the poetry collection by seven people including Lei Xuan, the short collection by five people including Ek-read, and the novel Ten Commandments of Naked Body by F&J.. Books are sold by Jinshitang Online Bookstore.

▲ "When the Monkey King falls in love with Tang Sanzang" (Ji Dawei), Xianwang (2000)

In 2001

In April, the classification of online novels changed for the first time, and the typology and commerciality of Xianwang’s works were greatly enhanced, and the types were refined: the classification of travel notes, literary criticism, soul novels, local novels, realistic novels and surreal novels was cancelled; Prose and miscellaneous notes merge, romance turns into romance/romance, suspense turns into reasoning/horror, history merges with martial arts, and science fiction merges with fantasy; Super-genre novels ranked second in advance.

ninemoon, giant bean square and Yuanyuan discussion area are closed.The appearance of erotic websites such as Alcatraz has become a continuation of Yuanyuan discussion forum.

Major publishing houses began to publish BL-themed books successively.tie.From 2000 to 2005, the publication of beauty-obsessed topics in Taiwan Province reached its peak.

In 2001

In October, Xianwang launched the "Mystery Novels" book series, trying to create "the Chinese world’s own reasoning writer".

In 2003

In October, Xianwang held an essay activity of "Romance and Fantasy". Since then, Xianwang has appeared a new classification of "Romance and Fantasy" combining romance and fantasy novel styles, and has since become one of the iconic works of Xianwang.

In 2004

In March, the website announced that the author should not publish "SM, erotic (H-text) and novels with political implications", but at the same time stated that "occasional and appropriate sexual descriptions are acceptable if the story needs them".

In June, the website set up a new "fan" section, and the works in this section are mainly Japanese ACG fans.

In 2004

In June, Xianxian Culture Publishing Group announced that its annual turnover reached a new high, exceeding NT$ 100 million.

On October 1st, the website implemented a full membership system, preparing for the VIP subscription mode: readers can read novels on the website and make comments and comments after registering as members. And the experience points system is introduced, so that readers can accumulate experience points after voting, leaving messages and other operations, which can be used for website function expansion.

In 2005

In March, when mainland literature websites launched VIP paid reading system in succession, Xianwang also launched VIP subscription mode. However, the slogan of Xianwang VIP is "free travel", that is, the author can freely specify the charging chapters and words, or quit the VIP halfway. At the same time, Xianwang decided to cooperate with other non-exclusive VIP literature websites in mainland China, so that writers can upload articles in all non-exclusive VIP literature websites around the world without restrictions.

On May 3rd, Xianwang officially launched a strategic cooperation with Magic Sword Book Alliance to fight against qidian supported by Shanda Group.

In June, Xianxian Culture Publishing Group announced that its annual turnover exceeded NT$ 200 million.

In August, Xianwang increased the publishing fee for authors of fantasy and beauty themes:For fantasy writers, once the works are published, the minimum remuneration is NT$ 600 yuan per thousand words, which is more stable than the starting subscription income;If the sales volume of physical books exceeds the minimum guaranteed quantity of Xianwang, you can receive royalties.When the author agrees that Xianwang will be published or adapted into games or movies in markets outside Taiwan Province, he can get a licensing fee.At the same time, as a strategic alliance partner of Xianwang, the authors of China original literature alliance (Magic Sword and Book Alliance, Tianyi Literature, Dragon Sky, Climbing E Station, Cuiweiju and Surfing Literature) can also contribute to the editor of Xianwang.For the authors who are addicted to beauty:If more than three books are published in Xianwang (one book with the same title or series), the manuscript fee for the fourth book will be raised to more than NT$ 30,000.This news caused a heated discussion among mainland authors.

In 2006

The Feixiang Publishing House was rumored to have closed down, and later reorganized into the Red Bean Culture Publishing House, and the publishing volume dropped greatly.

In January, when the number of submissions increased, Xianwang lifted the restriction of "online priority publishing rights". Previously, Xianwang had the right to decide whether to publish the work according to the quality of the work first. If Xianwang decided to publish the work within one month of the author’s submission, it must be published within six months, otherwise the publishing right will return to the author after six months. Authors can contribute to other publishing houses to attract more authors to open columns on Xianwang.

On March 13th, Xianwang encouraged readers to buy published books or recharge e-books in Xianwang’s online bookstore to become "Fresh Book Friends", and "Fresh Book Friends" could read part of the first episode of e-books launched by Xianwang for free. At the same time, the popular e-books on mainland literature websites are also on the shelves of Xianwang’s online bookstores.

In May, in view of the frequent phenomenon of website piracy and plagiarism, Xianwang launched the corresponding reporting and handling methods. Readers can leave a message or send an email on the discussion board to report stealing or plagiarism. Xianwang will investigate and give the author three days to respond. If the author apologizes or explains the situation within three days, the relevant column will be deleted. If the author does not respond after three days, the account will be closed. As the same IP has been stolen repeatedly, the IP will be blocked.

In June, the website page was revised. The classification of the works of Xianwang is improved, and more attention is paid to the subdivision of readers; The pattern of the four major works-Yiwen Pavilion, Langqing Pavilion, Fanren Pavilion and Latte Pavilion-has basically been laid. Among them, there are martial arts Xianxia, fantasy, suspense and light novels in the different language halls; There are romantic fantasy, beauty obsession, romance and other types in Langqing Pavilion. The fan library can publish fan humanities and fan maps; Latte Hall can publish poems, essays, gay literature and other works.

In 2007

In July, Xianwang collected a "trial reading brigade" from readers, who can apply for a trial reading of the upcoming novel and make comments and suggestions.

the year of 2008

In September, Xianwang launched a new VIP system and a new virtual currency "fresh currency", with a ratio of 1: 1 to NT dollars and a ratio of 1: 1 to Qidou shopping money. Mainland users can recharge fresh coins through Alipay and credit cards. At the same time, influenced by the VIP mechanism in mainland China, Xianwang launched a new VIP system, and began to charge according to the number of words rather than the number of articles. The price per thousand words was NT$ 0.2. After the author joins VIP, there will be a dedicated network editor. Xianwang implies that entity publishing will also find the target in VIP works, and VIP works can still be voted by readers. However, due to the stipulation that published works cannot be serialized on the Internet, readers still prefer to buy physical books offline rather than pay for reading online, and VIP subscription income is not the main source of author’s income.

In December, Xianwang expanded its enrollment to edit the theme of beauty and light novels. Danmei has become the type feature of Xianwang.

In 2009

In January, the website page was revised again, and "daily tweets" appeared in the middle of the page, recommending works to readers according to various categories every day. Readers don’t need to search and find their own works, and the influence of website editing and recommendation on the popularity of works is improved.

onemoonOn the 26th, Xianwang launched the "Writer’s Star" activity, which explored new authors who were welcomed by readers and had potential among non-VIP authors, and encouraged new authors to sign contracts with websites to enter V.

2In June, the website launched a grading system.Writers can move existing articles into folders and grade them (mainly to distinguish whether they contain eighteen banned contents), and readers can choose whether to accept eighteen banned contents in their personal settings.

In April, the website launched a new "Drawing Gallery" section, where artists can publish illustrations, fan drawings, cartoons, picture books and Gif animations.

In June, the website launched an exclusive author’s management page, and the author can not log in.(dry) landAs a writer in the case of a member.(dry) landManage articles to make the management system more stable and convenient.

In August, the number of readers who can vote every day changed from two to three, which can support different columns of three writers, and each vote can be converted into two writers’ points;The category of "Romance" in "Langqing Pavilion" was renamed as "Love Novel".

2010 years

At the beginning of the year, Xianwang began to explore the cooperation projects of mobile e-books, which have been put on the shelves of mobile e-books malls of China Mobile (Mainland China), Chunghwa Telecom (Taiwan Province), Yuanchuan Telecom (Taiwan Province) and other communication companies, and have begun to cooperate with e-reader manufacturers on both sides of the strait.

In March, Xianwang launched the service of selling chronicles on behalf of India, including prepress production, printing and consignment by Qidou Shopping Network.

fourmoonIn view of the difficulty in connecting when visiting Xianwang in mainland China, Xianwang has added a special domain name for mainland China:Http://xianxian.mooo.com or http://mfn.moo.o.com。

In June, Xianwang was released to readers.(dry) landThe restrictions, the reader is not boarding.(dry) landYou can also read some free and public articles in the case of;For VIP works that have not been updated for 2 consecutive months and the author cannot be contacted, Xianwang provides refund service.

sevenmoonIn view of the increasing number of pornographic content on certain topics, Xianwang forces the author to re-grade or modify the works containing eighteen forbidden contents.

▲ Qidou Shopping Network icon

In 2011

In January, fresh coins were used separately from Qidou shopping money, and fresh coins became the exclusive virtual currency of Xianwang. NT$ 1 can be converted into S $25, and the price of VIP works per thousand words becomes S $5.

In October, Xianwang once again forced the author to classify the works with pure H content, human and beast H content, underage (children) H content or bloody violence content accounting for 30% as "eighteen prohibitions" to avoid reporting; The layout of the website has been changed again, highlighting the significance of the list: the classification of works has moved to the top, and the weekly tweets and VIP fresh shelves occupy the visual core.

In December, the mobile version of the website of Xianwang was launched. Traditional is http://www.myfreshnet.com/BIG5

/MF； Simplified is http://www.myfreshnet.com/GB/MF.

In 2012

There is a vicious price war in Taiwan Province’s publishing market, and the market income of fresh-net physical books has declined sharply.

In March, some works of Jinjiang Literature City settled in Xianwang, and Xianwang specially set up a "Jinjiang Pavilion" section for it. Its sub-sections included six categories: romantic fantasy, beauty-seeking BL, beauty-seeking GL, love novel, beauty-seeking fan, and humanity. However, some authors in Jinjiang said in Jinjiang Forum that Jinjiang had not informed this situation.

In April, Xianwang sub-section "Fresh Book City" was launched, and readers can download e-books for a fee.

fiveIn June, some works of Fengmingxuan and Zongheng Chinese Network were settled in, and Xianwang also provided special partitions.There are two kinds of fantasy and love novels under Fengmingxuan Pavilion.Under the "Vertical and Horizontal Pavilion" of the vertical and horizontal Chinese website, there are four categories: fantasy, reasoning thriller, love novel and martial arts Xianxia.

In 2014

In April, the fresh network server frequently appeared abnormal.

In May, Xianwang experienced poor management and a shortage of capital turnover, and it was reported that it was in arrears with the author’s manuscript fee. It is reported that each author’s owed manuscript fee ranges from several thousand yuan to several hundred thousand NT dollars. According to Xia Meng, the author of Xianwang, the amount of arrears has accumulated to several million NT dollars. Some authors want to go to the office, but they find that people are empty. The website refused to respond for reasons such as "insufficient manpower". In this case, many authors decided to take back the copyright of the works signed by Xianwang and initiated judicial proceedings, but it was unsuccessful because the person in charge was overseas. At the same time, Xianwang updated its rules and regulations, saying that readers who have not used VIP services for more than two months will be charged a "service fee" of 500 Singapore dollars (about 20 Taiwan dollars) per month, which caused public outrage. In May, the website of Xianwang could not log in and the website was shut down.

reference data

1. Relevant historical materials come from the historical web pages of Internet archives.

2. Xianwen. com: Xianwang first published a book for the author of its Xianwen. com, originally published in Xianwen. com, published on June 6, 2000 in http://www.myfreshnet.com:80/BIG5/literature/books.asp, and inquired on April 19, 2018.

3. Fresh Literature Network: Fresh Writer VIP Free Travel FAQ, originally published on the bulletin board of Fresh Literature Network, published on August 8, 2005 in http://www.myfreshnet.com:80/BIG5/freelancer/free_faq.asp, and inquired on April 19, 2018.

4. Fresh Literature Network: "Attention! ! Attention! ! The highest remuneration for writers is open to the public, so those who want to be writers should look carefully! ! ! (A thousand words and a thousand yuan’s remuneration has been made public), originally published on the bulletin board of Xianwen. com, published on August 8, 2005, http://www.myfreshnet.com/big5/literature/announcement/20050808.htm, and inquired on April 26, 2018.

5. Xianwen. com: "Unblock the Submission Channels and Prosper the Fantasy Market Together", originally published on the bulletin board of Xianwen. com, dated August 8, 2005, http://myfreshnet.com: 80/big5/literature/announcement/20050825.htm, and inquired on April 26, 2018.

6. Historians of later generations: Fantasy Website Fengyunlu, published in 2005, is no longer available. The version based on this article is Fantasy Website Fengyunlu of Xizi Academy, which was last updated on July 5, 2005. The website is http://www.westshu.com/xiaolei32693/index.htm, and the query date is January 7, 2019.

7.weid: Ten Years of Online Reading (1998-2008), published in Longkong Forum on June 15th, 2008, revised on May 9th, 2010, website: http://www.lkong.net/thread-236350-1-1.html, and query date: January 7th, 2019.

8. Cloud Burning Day: "Those Years, the Fresh Net in Our Memory", published on the Netease blog of Cloud Burning Day, the release date: August 7, 2013, the website: https://pilling18.rssing.com/chan-10194084/article115.html, and the query date: July 31, 2021.

9. Apple Daily: "Where is my novel? Strike of Writers in Arrears of Xianwang, originally published in Apple Daily, published on April 21st, 2014 in https://tw.appledaily.com/new/realtime/20140421/382718/, and inquired on April 19th, 2018.

10. Miss Qiu Misan: "My Days in Xianwang" was published in Zhihu on July 24, 2017, with the website in https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/28081447 and the inquiry date on January 7, 2019.

(Liu Xinyi)

It connects the fresh culture of online serialization and offline publishing.

What kind of operating structure does it have?

Named dreamy "Green Forest" and "Stevia Sugar"

Which book series does Xianwang represent?

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