According to data released by Guangdong Branch of the General Administration of Customs on the 19th, in 2019, Guangdong’s foreign trade import and export was 7.14 trillion yuan, which remained stable at the 7 trillion yuan mark after hitting a record high in 2018, ranking first in the country for 34 consecutive years.

　　More important than the total amount, the high-quality development trend of foreign trade is obvious:

　　—— Since private enterprises became the largest subject of foreign trade for the first time in 2017, import and export accounted for more than half of the province’s total for the first time in 2019, with strong vitality and resilience.

　　-Cross-border e-commerce grew by 45.8%, ranking first in the country, accounting for nearly 60% of the country’s total, of which export value accounted for nearly 80% of the country’s total, and new kinetic energy accelerated.

　　-The proportion of general trade increased to 49%, the export of integrated circuits increased by 51%, the scale of market procurement and export was the second in China, and the quality of trade continued to improve.

　　—— The European Union replaced the United States as Guangdong’s third largest trading partner, and its import and export of the Belt and Road increased by 6.3%, making the international market increasingly diversified; Imported consumer goods increased by 19.9%, imported medicines increased by 30.6%, and the domestic market demand was strong.

　　—— The import and export of Guangdong Pilot Free Trade Zone was 341.08 billion yuan, an increase of 27.8%. The dividends of various reforms in cross-border trade gradually emerged, and the role of "experimental field" was further enhanced.

　　The change of subject

　　The import and export of private enterprises increased by 5.6%

　　"The balance car we produce takes the middle and high-end route and has been growing continuously in the last three years." Lin Yang, assistant to the general manager of Shenzhen Troika Technology Industry Co., Ltd., said that the company’s annual export value is about 400 million yuan. After the newly developed foldable riding balance car this year, it is estimated that it can export tens of thousands of vehicles, each of which costs more than 200 US dollars.

　　Private enterprises are more dynamic, and the share of foreign trade is over half for the first time. According to the data of Guangdong Branch of Customs, in 2019, there were 69,900 private enterprises with import and export performance in Guangdong, an increase of 7,000 compared with 2018; The import and export value was 3.7 trillion yuan, up 5.6%, and its proportion in the total foreign trade value increased by 2.9 percentage points to 51.8% compared with the previous year, accounting for more than half of the total for the first time.

　　In addition, the import and export value of Guangdong state-owned enterprises was 418.99 billion yuan, an increase of 3.3%.

　　Driven by private enterprises, Guangdong’s foreign trade scale, after hitting a record high of 7.16 trillion yuan in 2018, continued to stabilize at the 7 trillion yuan mark in 2019, ranking first in the country for 34 consecutive years. This scale is 2.8 trillion yuan, 3.7 trillion yuan, 4.1 trillion yuan and 4.3 trillion yuan ahead of Jiangsu, Shanghai, Zhejiang, Beijing and other major foreign trade provinces in China.

　　Among them, Guangdong’s total annual export value was 4.34 trillion yuan, an increase of 1.6%; The total import value was 2.8 trillion yuan, down 2.9%.

　　Change of kinetic energy

　　The total value of cross-border e-commerce ranks first in the country.

　　In 2019, Guangdong imported and exported 110.79 billion yuan through the cross-border e-commerce management platform, with a growth rate of 45.8%, ranking first in the country, accounting for nearly 60% of the country’s total. Among them, the total value of cross-border e-commerce exports accounts for nearly 80% of the country.

　　Take the most typical city of Guangzhou as an example. According to the statistics of Guangzhou Customs, in 2019, the total import and export value of cross-border e-commerce in Guangzhou was 38.59 billion yuan, ranking second among cities in China, with an increase of 56.4%. Among them, the total import value was 25.32 billion yuan, an increase of 27.9%; Exports reached 13.27 billion yuan, up by 171.7%.

　　At present, Guangzhou is gradually moving from a cross-border e-commerce industrial cluster to a hub base. The whole modes of online shopping bonded import, direct purchase import, general export and special supervision area export have all landed, and the channels of "air, sea, land and mail" have been fully launched.

　　According to the "New Thinking and New Trends" Guangzhou Cross-border E-commerce New Business Summit held recently, the total import value of cross-border e-commerce in Guangzhou ranked first among cities in China for six consecutive years. At present, Guangzhou not only gathers well-known e-commerce enterprises such as Vipshop, Suning.cn South China Center, but also e-commerce giants such as Ali and JD.COM.

　　The Guangzhou Municipal Department of Commerce revealed at the summit that in 2019, the city launched a number of cross-border e-commerce innovation "playing methods", such as taking the lead in launching a global commodity traceability system for cross-border e-commerce, taking the lead in switching the national cross-border e-commerce import and export unified version system, and taking the lead in opening the "micro-police authentication" consumer identity information verification function, forming a cross-border e-commerce Guangzhou model.

　　The summit, hosted by Guangzhou Cross-border E-commerce Industry Association, is an important activity of the 2020 Guangzhou Social Organization Exchange Conference. At present, Guangzhou Cross-border E-commerce Industry Association has more than 300 member enterprises, including vipshop, JD.COM, Tmall, Suning.cn and other industry leaders, as well as representative enterprises of onion group, E-Ticket Union and Export Easy. Lin Songquan, president of the association and chairman of Tiansheng Group, said that in 2020, the association will join hands with more than 300 enterprises to strengthen their internal quality and external image, and implement the construction of party organizations. At the same time, we will develop new business models, tap the common needs of the industry, build stronger brands for associations and members, and strengthen and promote exchanges. Let’s work together to help Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area enterprises cooperate and enter the "Belt and Road" for development.

　　What is even more exciting is that at the end of 2019, Shantou and Foshan were approved to set up cross-border e-commerce comprehensive pilot zones, and the number of cities in Guangdong that set up cross-border e-commerce comprehensive pilot zones increased to six. On January 18th this year, Shantou and Foshan were selected as pilot cities for cross-border e-commerce retail import. More "wide goods" go online and "go out to sea", and the new kinetic energy of foreign trade will further generate.

　　Changes in quality

　　The proportion of general trade increased to 49%

　　What do you think of the high-quality development of Guangdong trade?

　　-accelerating the optimization of foreign trade structure. In 2019, Guangdong’s general trade import and export was 3.5 trillion yuan, up 4.1%, accounting for 49% of the total foreign trade value, up 2 percentage points from 2018. At the same time, bonded logistics was 1.03 trillion yuan, an increase of 15.6%.

　　-export products have higher technical content and added value. The export of mechanical and electrical products in Guangdong increased by 0.7%, accounting for 68% of foreign trade exports. Among them, integrated circuits increased by 51%, medical instruments and instruments increased by 16.3%, metal processing machine tools increased by 12.4%, and the export of semiconductor devices increased by 8.5%. In addition, Guangdong exported 1,699 used cars, ranking first in the country.

　　-The regional trade pattern is more coordinated. The import and export of 9 cities in the Pearl River Delta reached 6.8 trillion yuan, which remained basically stable. The total import and export of eastern Guangdong, western Guangdong and northern Guangdong was 320.22 billion yuan, up by 2.1%, 14.3% and 4.6% respectively, both higher than the overall growth rate of foreign trade in the province.

　　The accelerated development of new formats is also a microcosm of the improvement of Guangdong’s foreign trade quality.

　　In Foshan, market procurement trade has effectively solved the "pain point" of foreign trade SMEs. "In the past, the’ single small miscellaneous goods’ goods purchased in the professional market could not be declared for export in accordance with general trade compliance, but after becoming a market procurement pilot, small and medium-sized merchants can now participate in foreign trade business." He Tianwen, general manager of Guangdong Shunde Native Products Import and Export Co., Ltd. said.

　　According to the statistics of Guangzhou Customs, in 2019, in the first year of the pilot operation of Foshan Shunde market procurement trade mode, there were 214 participating enterprises, 2,152 merchants were registered, 3.546 million tons of goods were exported, and the trade volume was 78.5 billion yuan.

　　Market procurement pilot has become one of the new growth points of Guangdong’s foreign trade export. In 2019, the province’s market procurement and export reached 239.34 billion yuan, ranking second in the country.

　　Market changes

　　The European Union replaced the United States as the third largest trading partner.

　　"Since 2019, our company’s wooden door exports to the EU have maintained a good growth trend. The main exporting countries are Ireland and the United Kingdom, with a year-on-year increase of about 20%." Wang Song, manager of Zhanjiang Senle Wood Industry Co., Ltd. said that it is expected that the export value to the EU will continue to grow this year.

　　In 2019, the European Union replaced the United States as Guangdong’s third largest trading partner, and the province’s import and export to the EU was 888.36 billion yuan, an increase of 11.1%.

　　In the view of Wei Jianguo, former vice minister of the Ministry of Commerce and vice chairman of China International Economic Exchange Center, the sorting translocation shows that Guangdong’s economic resilience is increasing, and "enterprises have made psychological and practical preparations for implementing market diversification".

　　Over the past year, Guangdong has actively responded to challenges, and the international market structure is quietly changing. Hong Kong, China and ASEAN continue to be Guangdong’s first and second largest trading partners, with the total import and export value of our province being 1.1 trillion yuan and 1.02 trillion yuan respectively, of which the import and export to ASEAN increased by 6.9%. In addition, the import and export of countries along the "Belt and Road" was 1.71 trillion yuan, an increase of 6.3%, and the number of trains shipped by China and Europe increased by 48.7%; Imports and exports to Latin America increased by 8.8%, and emerging markets flourished.

　　Li Kaiyi, director of the Research and Statistics Office of Guangdong Branch of Customs, analyzed that the development of emerging markets has been continuously strengthened, which has dispersed the risk of single market fluctuation and effectively hedged the impact of trade friction.

　　Over the past year, Guangdong has accelerated the tapping of domestic demand, and the domestic market has ushered in a "small outbreak". In 2019, Guangdong imported 219.62 billion yuan of consumer goods, an increase of 19.9%; Among them, fruits, cosmetics and aquatic products increased by 32.8%, 36.5% and 46.1%. In addition, imported medicines totaled 23.78 billion yuan, an increase of 30.6%.

　　Engine change

　　The import and export of Guangdong Free Trade Zone increased by 27.8%

　　At present, Shenzhen Customs has promoted the construction of "International Shipping Transfer, Distribution and Assembling Center", which distributes, assembles and transshippes imported goods, transit goods and export goods in the supervised warehouse of Qianwan Bonded Port Area, and builds the MCC Qianhai model.

　　Zhu Ye, deputy general manager of China Merchants Bonded Logistics Co., Ltd. believes that this has greatly enhanced the comprehensive service capacity of Shekou Port Area, which not only attracts the incremental supply of goods in ASEAN and other regions, but also saves the logistics cost of maritime transshipment and export for enterprises.

　　In the past year, Guangdong Pilot Free Trade Zone and ports made new progress in reform and innovation, and the degree of cross-border trade facilitation was significantly improved. According to the data of the Provincial Department of Commerce, in the first November of 2019, the overall customs clearance time for import and export in our province was 18.79 hours and 2.71 hours, which were 56.26% and 77.11% lower than that in 2017, respectively.

　　From the perspective of the whole year of 2019, the leading role of the Guangdong Pilot Free Trade Zone continues to increase. According to the data of Guangdong Branch of the General Administration of Customs, the total import and export of the three free trade zones was 341.08 billion yuan, an increase of 27.8%.

　　"In the next five years, I am more optimistic that Guangdong will take the lead in achieving high-quality trade development results, and the free trade zone is an important breakthrough." In Wei Jianguo’s view, Guangdong has the most complete manufacturing system and industrial chain in the whole country and even the whole world, which is an unrepeatable advantage formed by history, and Guangdong Pilot Free Trade Zone can easily realize the deep integration of "high-end manufacturing+modern services".

Time flies, and in the first quarter of 2025, it quietly came to an end.

This week, we will make a resumption of offline retail consumption in 2025Q1. Among the reference objects involved, the year-on-year object is 2024Q1, and the month-on-month object is 2024Q4.

The data of the re-launch are all based on CT of the instant win brand.The offline retail monitoring network of instant win brand CT covers cities at or above the county level (excluding townships, towns and villages), and deeply covers the core urban agglomerations of the country, including hypermarkets, supermarkets, small supermarkets, convenience stores and grocery stores. Win immediately through AI and big data technology to automatically clean the real-time full POS data of the transaction orders of sample stores. At present, there are more than 300,000 brands monitored in the instant win brand CT, with more than 14 million bar codes and more than 5 billion orders per year.

In order to ensure the consistency of the data sample range in each quarter, the data sources of the stores used this time are all continuous stores, that is, these stores were active in the offline retail monitoring network before April 2025. The sample sizes of stores in 2024Q1, 2024Q4 and 2025Q1 are the same.

For the quarterly offline retail express in 2024, please click:

Data Launch: 2024Q4 Offline Retail Express/Data Launch: 2024Q3 Offline Retail Express/Data Launch: 2024Q2 Offline Retail Express/Data Launch: 2024Q1 Offline Retail Express

1, the overall situation of the quarter

We selected four categories: food, beverage, wine and daily chemical, and observed the overall year-on-year situation of the quarter based on the continuous store samples.

First of all, the situation in this quarter, in terms of sales, the number of orders and the average cost of orders, 2025Q1 compared with 2024Q1, all indicators have declined to varying degrees. An obvious change is that sales decreased by 10.44% year-on-year, but the number of orders decreased by only 5.35% year-on-year, which means that the average amount of each order decreased significantly year-on-year, and consumers’ shopping budget for a single order still showed an obvious shrinking trend.

Another noteworthy point is that the annual Q1 usually includes the Spring Festival, which is also the most important festival consumption node in a year.

From the subjective point of view, festival consumption is usually affected by emotion and scene more than the so-called "just need" in weekdays, which may also indicate that consumers’ income expectations and optimism for the future are still being repaired in Q1 this year.

From an objective point of view, the rise of emerging formats such as snack discount and discount supermarkets, as well as the continuous increase of online penetration rate, have also produced a certain degree of "diversion" for the consumption of traditional retail formats, and this change may also continue.

From the ring comparison, compared with 2024Q4, it is also influenced by the Spring Festival, and the sales volume and the number of sales pieces have increased obviously, but the number of orders has not increased obviously, or it means that the above-mentioned problems of consumers’ expectations and shopping willingness, as well as the objective business diversion, have also caused a certain degree of impact.

In addition to the factors mentioned above, price is also one of the important factors that affect the change of sales.

Based on the price trends of food, beverage and wine in the instant win price index, we can also see the pressure of price changes on sales growth. In the immediate win price index, 100 is the price index baseline. A price index above 100 means that the overall price level of the category is higher than that of the same period last year, while a price index below 100 means that the overall price level of the category is lower than that of last year.

It can be seen that in January-March of 2025, except for drinks and wine, which were temporarily higher than 100 in February (or because the Spring Festival was misaligned with the Spring Festival in 2024), the price indexes of food, drinks and wine were all lower than 100 in the other months of 202404-202503, which means that the overall price levels of the two categories are in a continuous downward channel, and the food category is compared with the drinks and wine category.

Generally speaking, the main factors that promote the growth of consumer goods from the supply side are nothing more than "selling more" and "selling more expensive". Based on the overall monitoring of the five major retail formats by Win Now, the dispersion of formats and the outflow of demand from formats certainly constitute objective reasons, but in terms of sales scale and sales price, several categories as a whole are also facing greater pressure.

(1) Key categories

In order to further observe the situation, we selected some categories of packaged goods with large sales scale in offline retail channels from the above categories, and observed the changes in the share and importance of the categories through the year-on-year changes in the share of these categories in the corresponding categories. In terms of category selection, because this quarter includes the Spring Festival, it is slightly adjusted compared with 2024Q4.

Food category:

Dairy products: pure milk, yogurt, adult milk powder.

Leisure snacks: nuts, roasted seeds and nuts, chocolate, puffed food, biscuits, dried meat, candies and western-style cakes.

Instant food: instant noodles, instant vermicelli, instant sausage and self-heating food.

Quick-frozen food: quick-frozen glutinous rice balls, quick-frozen jiaozi, quick-frozen steamed stuffed buns and quick-frozen snacks.

Beverage category:

Milk-containing drinks, packaged water, vegetable protein drinks, soft drinks, instant fruit juice, sports drinks, instant tea, vegetable drinks, instant coffee and instant milk tea;

(2) Year-on-year comparison of 2)2025Q1/2024Q1-food category

Judging from the year-on-year changes in the market share of food categories, the categories with positive year-on-year growth in market share include quick-frozen snacks and quick-frozen dumplings in the category of quick-frozen foods, instant noodles in the category of convenience foods, and adult milk powder, yogurt and pure milk in the category of long-lost dairy products; The market share increased negatively year-on-year, including quick-frozen jiaozi and quick-frozen steamed buns in quick-frozen foods, instant sausage, instant vermicelli, self-heating foods in convenience foods, and all categories under leisure snacks.

Further analysis based on the above performance:

All kinds of orders in quick-frozen food show uneven performance. Among them, quick-frozen dim sum once led a lot of categories in the year-on-year growth rate of market share in 2024Q4, and it also led this quarter, and the quick-frozen glutinous rice balls performed well. Compared with quick-frozen jiaozi and quick-frozen steamed buns, the year-on-year growth rate was negative, which further confirmed the changes of consumers’ consumption scenes of quick-frozen food and their roles in household consumption.

Dairy products have ushered in a long-lost market share of all key categories, with a positive year-on-year growth rate. Among them, adult milk powder is still the leader. Comparatively speaking, although the market share growth rate of pure milk and yogurt is positive year-on-year, its growth rate is very small. On the other hand, after a period of "difficult period", dairy products seem to be welcoming their own "turning point", which may also bring trend changes to the subsequent development of the category, which deserves continuous attention;

Convenience foods are showing a trend of differentiation. Among them, the market share of instant noodles is still increasing year-on-year, while the market share of fast-food sausage and convenience fans is decreasing slightly year-on-year. It is noteworthy that this type of product has been in a "stall" state since the outbreak of hot food. From the situation this quarter, this stall has not improved.

Finally, the category of leisure snacks, all sub-categories under the category of leisure snacks showed a year-on-year decline in market share. On the one hand, the differentiation of demand in snack discount, independent stores and online has led to a great impact on the sales of leisure snacks in the traditional five formats; On the other hand, leisure snacks are always in a slightly embarrassing position in today’s healthy wave, which may be one of the reasons why consumers are less and less important in the overall food consumption;

(3) Year-on-year comparison of 3)2025Q1/2024Q1-beverage category

In the first quarter of each year, because it is in the low season of the traditional beverage industry, and it contains the important festival of the Spring Festival, there are many differences between the beverage categories and the overall situation of the whole year. At the same time, in 2025Q1, the key categories in the beverage market also showed some changes.

It can be seen that the categories of beverages with negative year-on-year market share growth rate are milk-containing beverages, vegetable protein beverages, instant milk tea and instant coffee. In the past, these categories performed well in winter or had strong attributes of holiday gifts, but their performance this year was not optimistic. At the same time, sports drinks, plant drinks, ready-to-drink fruit juice, packaged water, ready-to-drink tea and soft drinks are the categories with positive year-on-year market share growth. These categories are more powerful in summer and have limited gift attributes, but their performances are remarkable.

This may also represent some trends in the development of the beverage market: on the one hand, the influence of seasons on consumers’ product selection in beverage categories may be gradually weakening, and products that relieve summer heat may also have a wide demand and market in the cold winter; On the other hand, the gift-giving nature of beverage categories may also be weakening. During the festive season, more beverage consumption scenes have changed from gifts from relatives and friends to party sharing, and the well-sold product categories have naturally changed from the past strong gift-giving categories to categories with more personal consumption. These changes may mean some trends in the development of the beverage market.

Based on the four categories of food, beverage, wine and daily chemical, and the performance of the typical categories listed above, we will further analyze the data from three latitudes: "people" with retail orders as the core, "goods" with commodities as the core, and "market" with business channels as the core.

2. "People": retail order dimension

In the observation of order dimension, based on the above-mentioned typical categories of food and beverage, we extracted all the consumer orders with these typical categories in all orders in the quarter, and extracted the dimension data such as order quantity, category sales and category sales.

(1) Year-on-year sales volume, sales volume and order quantity

In this quarter’s retail express, for the convenience of classified viewing and comparison, we also divided the three indicators of sales volume, number of pieces sold and number of orders into food category/beverage category for separate observation.

First of all, the food category, we can see that in all key categories, except for the number of frozen snacks sold/orders slightly positive, all other categories showed a decline. Combined with the above-mentioned year-on-year decline of -10% sales in the market, the overall situation of quick-frozen snacks, adult milk powder, quick-frozen glutinous rice balls and instant noodles is slightly better than that in the market.

The categories with poor performance are self-heating food, dried meat, quick-frozen steamed buns, puffed food, etc. Among them, the sales of self-heating food in 2025Q1 compared with 2024Q1, the number of sales under continuous stores decreased by 35%, the number of sales decreased by 32.5%, and the number of orders decreased by 27.5%. This figure is very exaggerated and it is also very serious for the category. After the epidemic, this category of products and related manufacturers will be in the end.

Compared with food, the highlight category of beverage category is more prominent. In terms of positive growth, the growth momentum of sports drinks and plant drinks is similar, with the year-on-year growth rate of sales exceeding 10%, and sports drinks have been growing continuously for many years since around 2022, which deserves continuous attention. The performance of ready-to-drink juice this quarter is also remarkable, which may be related to its increased penetration in festivals and other scenes. In the past two years, ready-to-drink juice has been continuously used in many ways, such as multi-specification, multi-combination, party scene marketing, and health concept marketing, so that more types of products appear on the dinner table shared by parties, and even replace the stable position of soda and vegetable protein drinks on the dinner table to some extent.

From the perspective of decline, the obvious decline is still in the categories of milk-containing drinks, vegetable protein drinks, ready-to-drink milk tea and ready-to-drink coffee. Among them, the instant milk tea/ready-to-drink coffee immediately won a special study in mid-March (looking forward to 2025, ready-to-drink coffee/ready-to-drink milk tea: why do bottled products "fall behind"? ), vegetable protein drinks and milk-containing drinks are more traditional categories, lacking innovation and product-based growth momentum, making it difficult for scenes and people to expand continuously, or these traditional categories are "headaches".

There is also instant tea that needs special attention in this quarter. Before the summer of 2025, the sales volume, the number of pieces sold and the number of orders for ready-to-drink tea were all negative year-on-year, and the decline of the number of pieces sold > the number of orders > the sales volume, which is not a good signal for the category that grew rapidly last year, and needs continuous attention.

(2) Average cost per order and year-on-year change

The average cost per order can reflect the average shopping budget of consumers in this category, and the change of this value can also reflect the change of consumer price expectation and consumption expectation of this category (more emphasis is placed on describing the price expectation of consumers in this category).

Judging from the year-on-year changes in the average spending per order of various items in this quarter, compared with 2024Q4, the average spending is at a high level in both 2024Q1 and 2025Q1, and the main influencing factor may come from the impact of the Spring Festival on consumer demand and shopping budget.

From the perspective of various purposes, only the average expenditure of adult milk powder, ready-to-drink juice, instant noodles, ready-to-drink tea and packaged water has increased slightly, while most of the other categories have shown a year-on-year decline, which also echoes the price index of food and beverage that has been seen before for a long time below 100. The lower the price level, the shrinking the consumer’s shopping budget in the category and the corresponding degradation of the supply side. At present, this vicious circle may still exist.

Judging from the year-on-year decline, most snack categories have shrunk to a certain extent under the condition that the absolute value of the average cost per order is not high. In the past one or two years, with the popularity of white-brand products represented by snack discount format and the low concentration of most snack categories, leisure snack categories have become the "hardest hit" for price pressure transmission.

Another thing that deserves attention is pure milk and self-heating food at the tail. Combined with the changes of market share, sales volume and order quantity of these two categories, it seems that pure milk has got some positive feedback in the process of exchanging price for quantity, and the scale has been kept from falling with a part of price decline; Self-heating food category is not optimistic, even if the average cost per order has dropped by about 10%, the share, sales volume and order quantity still decline seriously.

(3) Average number of purchased pieces per order and year-on-year change

The average number of purchases per order can reflect the average single purchase of consumers in this category, and the change of this value can reflect the change of consumer’s consumption expectation and consumption price elasticity (more emphasis is placed on describing the change of consumer’s consumption in this category).

Similar to the year-on-year average cost per order, the average number of items purchased per order in 2024Q1/2025Q1 is also higher than that in 2024Q4, but the difference between Q1 and Q4 is not as big as the average cost per order. This may also reflect that between "spending more money" and "buying more goods", festivals have a greater impact on the former than the latter.

Judging from the situation of various items in the quarter, only three categories of adult milk powder, plant drinks and quick-frozen snacks showed a positive increase in the average number of items purchased per order, but the growth rate was almost negligible, while the other categories showed a decline as a whole.

Among the key categories, the vegetable protein beverage dropped the most. The traditional strong festival mental category in this beverage category dropped by about 10% in the average number of purchases per order. Perhaps its mind is being challenged in both the Spring Festival gift and the winter hot drink scene. Under the background that the festival beverage market is changing from "gift" to "gathering and sharing", vegetable protein drinks seem to be a little behind in terms of product types, specifications or combination methods, and many consumers’ minds about this kind of products even remain on the traditional concept of "iron cans are heated"; On the other hand, under the tide of beverage health, although the plant protein beverage is backed by the word protein, its deep cultivation in the concept of health is limited as a whole. In recent years, the only "oat milk" that has made achievements has gradually turned to the TO B channel because of the mediocre market feedback, and the concept of product health in the category may have greater room for upgrading in the future.

3. "Goods": Top SKU and category new product dimension

In the observation of "goods" with goods as the core, based on the typical categories of food and beverage mentioned above, we have drawn the market share of these categories in this quarter, the changes compared with last year, and the new products of these categories.

(1) TOP SKU of various projects and same/quarter-on-quarter changes

The first is the TOP SKU. In the following table, the TOP SKU is the category of 2025Q1, which is 2024Q1 year-on-year and 2024Q4 quarter-on-quarter.

In terms of the same/chain-on-chain change, "-"means that the SKU is ranked in the same time period as the previous one, "new" means that the SKU was listed for the first time in the same/chain-on-chain last quarter (does not mean that it is a new product), "↑" means that the SKU is ranked higher in this quarter, and "↓" means that the SKU is ranked lower in this quarter.

In the change of Top SKU this season, several changes are worthy of attention:

Instant noodles: the ranking of white elephant big spicy turkey noodles was further improved. Turkey noodle, a type of instant noodle product, was pioneered by South Korea Sanyang, but it was quickly promoted by white elephants in the local area and accepted by consumers. It is also a typical case of "combination of Chinese and Western" in the food industry. Win Now will carry out special research on Sanyang and White Elephant around the product category of turkey noodles in April, so please pay attention;

Nut roasted seeds and nuts: Because Q1 includes the Spring Festival, the TOP SKU of nut roasted seeds and nuts category is almost occupied by gift box products, among which three squirrels and three gift box products are on the list, with a rapid momentum.

In several categories of the whole quick-frozen food (quick-frozen jiaozi, glutinous rice balls, steamed stuffed buns and dim sum), all TOP SKU belong to Sanquan, Anjing and Missing only, and the head group of the category has a very strong control over the category.

Plant beverage: The performance of Yuanqi Forest from Red Bean Coix Seed Water/Jujube Lycium Juice has been further improved, ranking first and second in this quarter’s TOP5 SKU. Relatively speaking, the old rival Ipoh’s Zhiben Qingrun Chrysanthemum Tea series products have all declined in the ranking. (The fifth category to be supplemented)

(2) The quantity and share of new products changed year on year.

In this new category, we will observe the innovation activity and new product growth from two dimensions: the number of new products on the market and the market share of new products. The definition of "new product" by instant win brand CT is the new product information and bar code that was first registered in the offline retail monitoring network of instant win in this quarter.

Through the number of new products on the market, the market share growth of new products in the past and the share of new products in the current season, we can clearly understand the innovation and new product acceptance of various projects.

In terms of the number of new products, the number of new products listed in all categories showed a significant year-on-year decline. The categories that have increased in decline are western-style cakes, sweets, biscuits, dried meat, instant fruit juice, puffed food, etc. Among them, leisure snacks account for the vast majority of the categories with a large decline, and the number of new products in some categories has even dropped by more than 50% year-on-year, which is a real reduction in the number of new products.

Looking back at the number of new products in key categories in the quick reports of previous quarters, we find that the number of new products in most categories has been declining, and the reasons may be more critical:

?Oversupply and involution:Today, most food and beverage categories are already in the environment of complete market competition, and the related supply chain and product research and development are no longer barriers. Compared with a new product, it is a more difficult challenge to really support a new product, which also objectively creates the competitive situation of "thousands of troops crossing the wooden bridge". However, looking at this cycle in reverse, the overcrowded track and the low success probability of new products make brands/manufacturers not willing to promote new products, so it is difficult for the number of new products to grow rapidly.

?Industry dividends subsided:During the period from 2017 to 2022, innovations in consumer goods and new products based on raw materials, concepts and even brands and marketing did emerge one after another. However, with the decline of dividends and the slowdown of consumption upgrading, the scale competition and channel barriers of consumer goods made the new products face a rather unequal competitive environment when facing the old products. When the tide faded, this disadvantage became more obvious and insurmountable.

?SKU reduction and "head" strategy;In the retail market in 2024, adjustment and reform are undoubtedly the key words. All adjustment and reform directions are inseparable from the core strategy of "reducing the number of SKUs and increasing the proportion of head SKUs". Under this background, especially for categories with high concentration, the shelf space that channels can give new products is facing further compression, which leads to the continuous reduction of the number of new products listed.

The reduction of the number of new products on the market is inextricably linked with the survival and development performance of new products in the category, and the two sides are mutually causal and influential. Judging from the market share of new products in several quarters, biscuits, western-style cakes and other categories, as well as nuts, roasted seeds and nuts, plant drinks and other categories, have shown better survival performance of new products.

On the contrary, in several categories with high concentration and strong head brands, such as packaged water, pure milk, soft drinks, etc., whether it is the new products in Q1 and Q4 last year or the new products in this quarter, their living conditions are worrying and they are facing greater competitive pressure.

4. "Field": the dimension of format and city level.

In the part of "market", we go back to the categories of food, beverage, wine and daily chemical, and observe the year-on-year performance of various formats and cities under the collection of large categories.

(1) City-wide grade and year-on-year situation of each format.

The CT offline retail monitoring network of instant win brand collects and analyzes data based on five formats: hypermarkets, supermarkets, small supermarkets, convenience stores and grocery stores. We also extract the sales, order volume and average order cost of these five typical offline retail formats in this quarter and the previous quarter.

In this quarter, no matter the sales volume, the number of orders or the average cost per order, all formats showed a relatively obvious year-on-year decline.

Compared with the year-on-year comparison in 2024Q4/2023Q4, the year-on-year decline in sales of all formats shows some signs of increase, which may be related to the fact that the business scale of Spring Festival is higher than other quarters, which objectively magnifies this year-on-year change.

From the perspective of different formats, the year-on-year decline in the number of orders in big formats such as supermarkets/supermarkets has narrowed to be basically the same as last year, with a year-on-year decline of less than 3%. However, from the perspective of average cost per order, the year-on-year decline in the average cost per order of more than 7% has caused a greater drag. From the point of view of small supermarkets, convenience stores, grocery stores and other small formats, the drag of order quantity on sales year-on-year is greater than the impact of the decline in average cost per order. The number of orders has decreased by more than 5% year-on-year, and the largest grocery store has reached 11%, while the average cost per order has decreased by less than 5%.

(2) Full format, year-on-year situation of each city level.

The offline retail monitoring network of instant win brand CT covers cities at or above the county level (excluding townships, towns and villages) and deeply covers the core urban agglomerations in China. We pulled the relevant data of 2025Q1 of each city level and observed the year-on-year situation.

Similar to the business situation, in this quarter, from the first-tier cities to the third-tier cities and below, regardless of the sales volume, the number of orders or the average cost per order, all cities showed a relatively obvious year-on-year decline.

In terms of city level, from first-tier cities to third-tier cities and below, the year-on-year decline in sales is negatively correlated with the year-on-year decline in city level, that is, the higher the city level, the more obvious the decline; On the contrary, the lower the city level, the less the decline. Under the pressure of economic growth, consumers in first-tier cities are indeed facing greater pressure and more uncertain future expectations, which is also reflected in the basic consumption of food and beverage in the retail market. In the year-on-year average cost per order, the year-on-year decline of first-tier cities is also significantly higher than that of other cities, or it is closely related to the mentioned factors.

Unlike sales and average cost per order, which more represent consumers’ shopping budget and price mentality, the number of orders can more reflect the changes in population and consumer behavior and channel selection. It can be seen that the year-on-year decline of new first-tier cities is significantly higher than that of other cities. Comparatively speaking, consumers in second-tier cities, third-tier cities and the following two cities have smaller year-on-year changes.

　　CCTV News:In the first quarter of this year, the total import and export value of China’s goods trade reached 9.89 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 4.8%. The import and export of foreign trade improved month by month and achieved a good start. The accumulated new advantages and the sustained growth of new kinetic energy have also made the foreign trade industry draw more surprising trajectories.

　　Starting today (April 20th), we will launch a series of reports on "New Routes of Foreign Trade", so as to follow the pace of foreign trade, embark on "new routes" and explore more possibilities along new directions. Today, first of all, focus on the "new three" products with outstanding export performance: electric manned vehicles, lithium batteries and solar cells in new energy vehicles.

　　At noon, at the Haitong Wharf outside Shanghai, a car ro-ro ship slowly berthed, and one new energy vehicle sailed on board one after another, which was about to be sent to Thailand.

　　Zhong Xiaogang, head of customs affairs at BYD:There are two deliveries this week, and tomorrow we will also send 900 cars from here to Australia.

　　CCTV reporter lin li:This is a car yard about two kilometers away from the dock, and most of the exported cars will come here three to five days in advance. Just now, the staff made a simple calculation for me. At present, there are more than 10,000 cars waiting for export every day, of which about 40% are new energy vehicles.

　　Xie Xiaoqing, Director of SAIC International Purchasing Department:The growth rate of new energy (export) is still relatively large. In 2022, the proportion of new energy should be around 16%, and it may increase to nearly 25% in 2023.

　　Also hot is the export of lithium batteries. In a battery enterprise in Taizhou, Jiangsu Province, a batch of lithium batteries are being packaged and will be sent to South Africa soon. The person in charge of the enterprise told the reporter that this year, overseas customers’ demand for household energy storage has further increased, so they have added a production line for lithium batteries.

　　Wang Shuai, Manager of Delivery Department of Lithium Battery Product Line of Shuangdeng Group Co., Ltd.:This year, our household energy storage output has gradually reached expectations, and the output has increased by more than 60% compared with the same period last year.

　　It is understood that clothing, furniture and household appliances were once called the "old three" in the foreign trade industry to promote export growth; Nowadays, while the "old three kinds" industries are constantly upgrading, the "new three kinds" have also sprung up: electric manned vehicles, lithium batteries and solar cells in new energy vehicles have further enhanced the driving force for exports. According to customs statistics, in the first quarter of this year, the total export of "new three products" increased by 66.9%, with a year-on-year increase of more than 100 billion yuan, which increased the overall export growth rate by 2 percentage points.

　　Li Jirong, Deputy Director of Statistics and Analysis Department of Shanghai Customs:Our country has also made good use of the advantage that the traditional manufacturing industry chain is relatively close and the supporting facilities are relatively complete, and has quickly achieved very good advantages in the new three industries. In the first quarter of this year, the export of electric manned vehicles in Shanghai more than doubled year-on-year, the export of lithium-ion batteries increased by more than 200%, and the export of solar batteries also increased by 57%.

Writing is the foundation of civilization and an important symbol of human civilization. Chinese characters are the most important carrier to record and inherit Chinese culture, and they are the cultural ties to build the Chinese nation’s sense of community, which invisibly influences and shapes the Chinese nation’s ideas.

Chinese characters record Chinese culture.

Characters are symbols of recording languages. Oracle Bone Inscriptions, the Shang Dynasty, is the earliest systematic and mature script in China, and has been able to record Chinese completely. As an original script, before Oracle Bone Inscriptions, Chinese characters had a long development process. Academic circles have been concerned about the formation and development of Chinese characters. When did Chinese characters finally form a system that can completely record the language? Meng Weizhi thought it was early summer, while Qiu Xigui thought it was the time of Xia and Shang Dynasties. The theory of "one series of three generations of characters" should be credible. Huang Dekuan once advocated that the characters in the late Shang Dynasty should be taken as a reliable starting point, and traced back to the early period, so as to make a reasonable speculation on the whole Chinese characters in the Shang Dynasty. This change from known to unknown is indeed a possible path to explore the formation and development of early Chinese characters.

The formation and development of Chinese characters are of great significance and must be explored in depth. According to the literature, "Cang Xie wrote a book, but it rained heavily, and ghosts cried at night" ("Huai Nan Zi Ben Jing Xun"). As for whether Cang Xie, the historian of the Yellow Emperor, created Chinese characters, we don’t need to delve into it, but the emergence of Chinese characters is indeed an earth-shattering and weeping feat. Chinese characters are super-epochal, which can cross the time barrier, record the long history of the Chinese nation and bear the civilization of the Chinese nation for 5,000 years. Chinese characters are super-regional, which can cross spatial boundaries and maintain information communication in different dialect areas of ethnic families, and people living in different regions can communicate smoothly.

"Thousands of years in ancient and modern times, tens of thousands of miles." Chinese characters break through the limitation of time and space and completely record and inherit Chinese culture. In front of countless Chinese sons and daughters, she is undoubtedly a long bond, firmly casting the Chinese nation community.

Chinese characters contain cultural mysteries.

"Every painting is learned." Observing each Chinese character statically, its glyph itself accumulates the profound mystery of Chinese culture. "The single body is a text, and the combination is a word." "Wen" is a single character, and the glyph itself cannot be divided; "Zi" is a combined character, and the glyph can be subdivided. Therefore, the word "Wen" can only be said, but the word "Zi" can be interpreted, and the name "Shuo Wen Jie Zi" is sincere. Xu Shen, known as "the ancestor of literate Sect", has long understood the mystery of "writing".

The older the Chinese characters, especially the pre-Qin characters such as Oracle Bone Inscriptions and Jinwen, the stronger their pictographic or ideographic elements, so they contain more cultural information of the word-making era. For example, the word "rainbow" of a rainbow is shaped like a [~ symbol ~] in Oracle Bone Inscriptions, which looks like two big worms winding down before and after. This is in line with the legend that the rainbow has two songs and can drink the water from rivers. It is recorded in Oracle Bone Inscriptions that "a rainbow comes from the north and drinks in the river" (Oracle Bone Inscriptions Collection 10405), to the effect that a rainbow comes out from the north and drinks in the river. The ancients could not give a scientific explanation for the natural phenomenon of rainbow in the sky, so they imagined it as a bug drinking water in a river. Later, the glyph evolved into a combined Chinese character. In Shuowen, it is a knowing word from insects to Shen (electricity), but most of the time it is a knowing word from insects, that is, the "rainbow" that is still in use today. However, in the silk script, there was once a glyph from the sound of rain workers. No matter from "Shen (electricity)" or "rain", it shows that the ancients have realized the relationship between rainbow and rain.

In fact, every Chinese character is a vivid existence of China culture. Through the typical Chinese character configuration related to human body, animals and plants, we can perceive the colorful world; Through the typical Chinese character configuration related to clothing, diet and living room, we can understand people’s basic necessities of life. Through the typical Chinese character configurations related to sacrifice, war and marriage, we can know people’s manners and customs. Through the typical Chinese character configuration related to national territory, land and clan, we can feel the feelings of Chinese sons and daughters about home and country.

The evolution of Chinese characters witnessed the cultural inheritance.

It is even more magical to observe Chinese characters dynamically. In the era of Oracle Bone Inscriptions, Chinese characters have entered a mature stage. Then, it went through bronze inscriptions, bamboo slips and silk books, seal characters and currency characters. From seal script to official script, from official script to official script, until today, simplified Chinese characters have been followed for thousands of years. In the meantime, although the form of Chinese characters has been constantly changing, its basic system has always been maintained, and its evolution can be clearly found.

Most of Oracle Bone Inscriptions in Shang Dynasty carved with a knife, and a few wrote with a brush. It is time-consuming and laborious to carve words on Oracle bones, so it is necessary to change the circle into a square, to fill in the outline, and to change the thick pen into a fine pen. The difference between writing carrier and tools will have a great influence on the font. In order to facilitate writing communication, Oracle Bone Inscriptions has been simplified. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the characters were abnormal, the vulgar style was popular, and the simplification was prominent, which was a reflection of the great changes in economy, politics and culture at that time. The change of seal script into official script is the most important change in the evolution of Chinese characters. It makes Chinese characters change from characters that need to be drawn with the body into simple characters composed of straight strokes, which greatly improves the writing speed and contributes to cultural communication.

Chinese character recording language contains culture, and each glyph has its own times. "One word is a cultural history." Rich cultural connotation indicates that every Chinese character is a treasure that needs our efforts to develop. Strengthening the interpretation of Chinese characters, digging deep into the historical, ideological and cultural connotation behind Chinese characters, and refining and displaying the essence of Chinese excellent traditional culture are not only the inevitable requirements for inheriting and developing Chinese excellent traditional culture, but also the proper meaning for enhancing the vitality and influence of Chinese culture. (Author: Qi Hangfu, deputy director of Chinese Character Civilization Center of Zhengzhou University)

This issue of the "Precision Frontier" column shared by Zhao Haitao’s research team published inGenome Medicine(IF =11.12) [1], a mutation signature was constructed and verified to predict the prognosis of patients receiving immunotherapy, and the potential immune response of different subtypes was studied by using multidimensional data.

Research background

Immunocheckpoint inhibitors (ICI) have changed the treatment of many cancers. However, the beneficiaries of ICI treatment are limited, so it is necessary to screen and predict biomarkers to classify patients. At present, many biomarkers, such as tumor mutation load (TMB), have been used as indicative biomarkers in clinic. However, some high TMB patients with gene mutation related to immunotherapy resistance are not sensitive to ICI treatment. Therefore, it is necessary to go beyond TMB and identify the specific genetic determinants of ICI treatment response.

research design

The study included genome and clinical data of 12,647 patients. There were 1572 cases in the training set (immunotherapy patients with 9 kinds of cancer) and 932 cases in the verification set (immunotherapy patients with 5 kinds of cancer). The training set was sequenced by MSK-IMPACT panel containing 468 genes.

The authors identified a set of 11 genes based on mutation, which can divide patients into high-risk and low-risk groups. The mutation of these 11 genes is related to the better response to ICI treatment, and this gene set has been proved to be an independent prognostic factor after ICI treatment.

research results

1. Identify mutant gene sets that can predict the outcome of immunotherapy.

Firstly, the survival differences of 468 genes in the training set were compared between wild type and mutant type, and 98 genes related to OS (global survival) were obtained. After that, LASSO COX regression analysis was further screened and 11 important genes were finally obtained. Through COX regression analysis, the risk score of each patient was quantified on the basis of 11 mutant gene sets. In the training concentration, the OS of patients in the high-risk group is shorter than that of patients in the low-risk group (Figure 1B). In order to study whether the gene set is limited to a specific population or suitable for different populations, the subgroup analysis regardless of age, drug use type and cancer species shows that the gene set is significantly related to the OS of patients treated with ICI (Figure 1C-E).

Figure 1. Generation and Verification of Gene Set Based on Mutation

2. Verification of predictable immunotherapy results

In order to further confirm the value of mutation-based gene set in predicting the results of immunotherapy, it was found that the OS of low-risk group was higher than that of high-risk group (Figure 1F). The research results of predicting ICI treatment response in gene set show that the DCB(durable clinical benefit) of ICI treatment in low-risk group is significantly increased compared with that in high-risk group (Figure 1G), and low-risk patients are more likely to respond to ICI treatment (Figure 1H). These results get the same results in the verification set (Figure 1I, J).

3. Gene set is an independent prognostic predictor of immunotherapy.

Next, the author verifies whether the gene set based on mutation is an independent predictor of immunotherapy response. In the training and validation set, univariate COX regression analysis showed that the gene set was related to OS. After adjusting for drug type, tumor type and TMB, multivariate COX regression analysis showed that the gene set was still an independent predictor, which confirmed the stability of its independent prediction of ICI prognosis (Figure 2A, B). In order to determine which factor has the best predictive performance, C-index is used to compare the performance of mutation-based gene sets with TMB and drug types. The results of C-index show that the gene set based on mutation can predict the prognosis more accurately than TMB and drug type in both training set and validation set (Figure 2C, D).

Fig. 2. Relationship between mutation-based gene sets and other characteristics

4. The clinical benefit of ICI treatment can be predicted based on the mutant gene set, disease stage, CTL and 6-IFN-g gene signature.

Considering the stage of disease, CTL and 6-gene IFN-g signature have been proved to be highly predictive of the response to ICI treatment, the authors speculate that they may play a synergistic role in predicting the response to immunotherapy. The author combined the gene set based on mutation with disease stage, CTL and 6-gene IFN-g signature through Nomotograph, and provided a method for clinicians to quantitatively predict the OS of patients treated by ICI. Fig. 2E is the nomogram of Riaz cohort construction, and the calibration curve of fig. 2F shows the consistency of actual and predicted results, indicating that these signature should be integrated into the predicted nomogram of ICI treatment.

5. Potential external immune landscape of high and low risk groups

In order to further explore the relationship between immune system and mutation-based gene set, the authors conducted a multi-group analysis of TCGA cohort, and the risk score divided TCGA cohort into high and low risk groups (Figure 3A). At the genome level, the proportion of white blood cells, lymphocytes and TIL in the low-risk group was significantly higher than that in the high-risk group (Figure 3B-D). The H&E staining results of TIL ratio are consistent with the above results (Figure 3E). In addition, the proportion of immunostimulatory cells (such as CD8 T cells) in the low-risk group is also significantly higher than that in the high-risk group (Figure 3F). The above results were further tested by Danaher et al.’ s immune infiltration score (figure 3G) and immune characteristic score (figure 3H), and it was found that the abundance of immune cells in low-risk group was higher. Then unsupervised clustering was used to cluster the immune characteristic scores of patients in TCGA cohort, and the results were clustered into two immune infiltration modes (Figure 3I), and the high immune infiltration was significantly enriched in the low-risk group (Figure 3J).

Fig. 3. Immune status of high and low risk population in TCGA cohort.

In addition, the immune signature in the low-risk group was significantly higher than that in the adjacent cancer tissue; On the contrary, the immune signature in the high-risk group was significantly lower than that in the adjacent tissues (Figure 4A). The correlation of immune activity in low-risk group was significantly higher than that in high-risk group (Figure 4B, C). GSEA results showed that 13 pathways were significantly enriched in the low-risk group, including 6 immune-related pathways, such as "cytotoxicity mediated by natural killer cells" (Figure 4D). Tumors in the low-risk group are associated with significantly higher CYT scores, and the number of fibroblasts in the high-risk group is now increasing (Figure 4E, F). According to these results, the low-risk group is rich in immune cells, which can respond to ICI treatment, and fibroblasts may help the high-risk group escape. The expression of chemokines in the low-risk group is higher (Figure 4G, H), so the author speculates that the enrichment of chemokines in the low-risk group may trigger an immune response.

Figure 4. Potential external immune landscape of high and low risk groups　

6. Potential inherent immune landscape of high and low risk groups

Some potential factors determining tumor immunogenicity between the two groups were compared. Mutation, new antigen load, TCR and BCR diversity in low-risk group were significantly higher than those in high-risk group, but CNV load and aneuploidy in high-risk group were higher than those in low-risk group (Figure 5A). This result is consistent with previous studies, that is, tumor aneuploidy is related to immunotherapy and decreased immune escape marker response. In addition, the heterogeneity of tumor in high-risk group is higher than that in low-risk group, which further supports the view that tumor will promote the development of heterogeneity in the presence of cytolytic activity and less active infiltration of immune cells. In order to further understand the mutation process of high and low risk groups, the mutation characteristics were described according to somatic mutation data, and four different mutation patterns were determined in TCGA cohort (Figure 5B). The frequency of these four mutation signals in the low-risk group is significantly higher than that in the high-risk group (Figure 5C). In addition, it was also found that immune checkpoint molecules (such as PD-1, PD-L1 and CTLA4) and costimulatory molecules were more highly expressed in the low-risk group (Figure 5E).

Figure 5. Potential innate immune response and escape landscape in high and low risk groups.　

7. Copy number characteristics of high and low risk groups

Significant differences in chromosome variation were detected in high and low risk groups (fig. 6A). Local amplification peaks of immune genes with good characteristics, such as PD-L1 (9p24.1) and PD-L2 (9p24.1), were observed in the low-risk group (fig. 6B, C). GO function annotation of the specifically amplified genes showed that the low-risk group was significantly enriched in two immune-related biological processes, while the high-risk group was significantly enriched in the biological process of "positive regulation of fibroblast proliferation", but not in any immune-related biological processes (Figure 6E). At the level of mRNA expression in TCGA cohort, the expression of PD-L1 and PD-L2 mRNA in low-risk group increased significantly (Figure 6G), which was consistent with CNV data. This finding suggests that CNVs in tumor contributes to the observed difference in immune infiltration.

Figure 6. Variation of copy number in high and low risk groups

discuss

This study is the first time to use an independent cohort to study the comprehensive mutant gene sets of different tumor types. Through PSM algorithm, hierarchical analysis and multivariate COX regression analysis, the application performance of mutation-based gene sets in different types of tumors was tested, and the results showed that mutation-based gene sets were reliable.

This study has the following innovation and practical application value. First, different types of tumors (such as NSCLC (non-small cell lung cancer), melanoma and renal cell carcinoma) are used, which represent the most common types of cancer treated with ICI. Secondly, the application of multiple biomarker prediction model needs to understand the factors that affect the accuracy and precision of Qualcomm analysis in clinical practice. The risk score formula and threshold of mRNA expression calculation are not suitable for verification with other types of data. Therefore, this study developed a gene set based on mutation to predict the clinical efficacy of ICI treatment. The composition of the above mutations is neither affected by tissue types nor adjusted by any other biomarkers. The risk score formula and threshold of gene set based on mutation can be verified by other tumor analysis methods, such as DNA sequencing and single nucleotide polymorphism microarray analysis. Therefore, mutation-based gene sets are not affected by technological changes, even when different platforms are used in different centers. Thirdly, in practice, gene sets based on mutations avoid exposing patients to potential immune-related adverse reactions when they are unlikely to respond, and enable patients to match to potentially more effective treatments more quickly. Fourthly, the prediction performance of gene set based on mutation is compared with other factors that can predict immunotherapy, and it is found that the prediction performance of gene set based on mutation is better than all these factors.

Several limitations of this study. First of all, because some mutations may be enriched in some tumor types, the initial goal of this study is to create a panel instead of identifying a single gene (such as BRAF), because the former can contain more genes to predict the prognosis of different types of tumors. Secondly, although the immune landscape of 11 genes in the gene set based on mutation has been explored, it is still necessary to clarify the molecular mechanism of each gene affecting immunotherapy in vivo and in vitro functional experiments. Thirdly, the enrichment scores of carcinogenic pathways and the expression patterns of immune checkpoints should also be detected by immunohistochemistry.

tag

The mutation-based gene set proposed in this study is the first comprehensive genomic marker systematically identified, which can be used to evaluate the ICI treatment effect of pan-cancer species. This study is also the largest prognostic model discovery project for cancer patients receiving ICI treatment (whether single drug treatment or combined treatment of anti-PD-1 and anti-CTLA-4). Nomoto, which combines mutation-based gene set with TMB and drug types, can help clinicians choose patients who may have a strong response to ICI treatment. In addition, it also reveals the different immune conditions of high and low risk groups, and specific genomic changes may drive the formation of these microenvironments. In a word, this work puts forward a new tumor classification method, which may guide the decision-making of ICI treatment.　END　

References:

[1]　Long, J., Wang, D., Wang, A. et al. A mutation-based gene set predicts survival benefit after immunotherapy across multiple cancers and reveals the immune response landscape. G enome Med 14, 20 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13073-022-01024-y

Write Liu Hua Hua

Editing and typesetting SX

Notice of the General Office of the People’s Government of Hunan Province on Printing and Distributing the Emergency Plan for Food in Hunan Province

Xiang Zheng Ban Fa [2023] No.58

The people’s governments of cities, counties and cities, the provincial government departments and commissions, and the directly affiliated institutions:

　　"Hunan Province Food Emergency Plan" has been agreed by the provincial people’s government and is hereby issued to you, please conscientiously implement it according to the actual situation.

General Office of Hunan Provincial People’s Government

December 28, 2023

　　(This piece is made public voluntarily)

Emergency plan for grain in Hunan Province

　　Catalogue

　　1. General rules

　　1.1 Purpose of compilation

　　1.2 Compilation basis

　　1.3 Scope of application

　　1.4 working principles

　　2. Emergency command mechanism and responsibilities

　　2.1 Emergency command mechanism

　　2.2 Responsibilities of member units of emergency work command mechanism

　　3. Monitoring and early warning

　　3.1 Market monitoring and early warning

　　3.2 Information report

　　4. Emergency response and disposal

　　4.1 emergency classification and response

　　4.2 Disposal measures

　　4.3 information release

　　4.4 Response Adjustment and Termination

　　5. Recovery and reconstruction

　　5.1 Summary evaluation

　　5.2 Emergency funds and liquidation

　　5.3 Emergency compensation, subsidies and pensions

　　5.4 Emergency response capability recovery

　　6. Emergency support

　　6.1 grain emergency reserve

　　6.2 emergency food security channels

　　6.3 Strengthen regional emergency support capacity building.

　　6.4 Information Guarantee

　　6.5 Publicity, training and drills

　　7. supplementary provisions

　　7.1 rewards and punishments and responsibilities

　　7.2 The meanings of above and below

　　7.3 Interpretation and update of the plan

　　7.4 Plan implementation

　　attachment

　　Classification description of triggering food emergency state

　　1. General rules

　　1.1 Purpose of compilation

　　Guide and standardize the province’s food emergency disposal work, improve the ability of risk prevention and emergency support in the field of food security, effectively monitor and control the abnormal fluctuation of the food market in the province, ensure the stable supply of the food market, maintain the basic stability of the food market price, and maintain normal social order.

　　1.2 Compilation basis

　　People’s Republic of China (PRC) Emergency Response Law, Regulations on Grain Circulation Management, National Grain Emergency Plan, Measures for Implementing People’s Republic of China (PRC) Emergency Response Law in Hunan Province, Overall Emergency Plan for Emergencies in Hunan Province and other laws, regulations and relevant provisions.

　　1.3 Scope of application

　　This plan is applicable to the emergency situation of grain within the administrative region of this province, and the response to the procurement, storage, allocation, processing, transportation, supply, import and export of raw grain and finished grain (including edible oil, the same below).

　　The emergency state of grain mentioned in this plan refers to the sudden change in the relationship between grain supply and demand caused by natural disasters, accidents, public health incidents, social security incidents and special circumstances, and the sharp fluctuations in the grain market such as out of stock, supply interruption, sharp price increase, and mass concentrated snapping up in a large area.

　　1.4 working principles

　　(1) People-oriented, bottom line thinking. Firmly establish the people-centered development idea, take ensuring food security and emergency supply as the primary task, strengthen the construction of food emergency security system, and ensure that it is "available, adjusted quickly and used" at critical moments.

　　(2) Unified leadership and graded responsibility. Under the unified leadership of the Party Committee, according to the arrangements of the government, all localities implement the responsibility of the party and the government, and take responsibility for different levels of food emergency work according to the food affairs.

　　(3) Scientific monitoring, giving priority to prevention. It is necessary to raise the awareness of preventing emergencies, strengthen the tracking and monitoring of the grain market, strengthen the prevention and resolution of risks, make timely predictions of precursors, make preparations in advance, and nip in the bud.

　　(4) Timely response and efficient disposal. When there is a food emergency, we should respond immediately, report the relevant situation in time, and take corresponding measures quickly to ensure that the emergency response is quick and decisive and effective.

　　2. Emergency command mechanism and responsibilities

　　2.1 Emergency command mechanism

　　When there is a major food emergency in the province, a command mechanism for food emergency work in Hunan Province is established with the approval of the provincial people’s government, and work is carried out under the leadership of the provincial emergency rescue headquarters. The deputy governor of the provincial people’s government is the overall person in charge, and the deputy secretary-general of the provincial people’s government, the director of the Provincial Development and Reform Commission, and the director of the Provincial Grain and Material Reserve Bureau are the responsible persons. Hunan Bureau of State Grain and Material Reserve Bureau, Provincial Public Security Department, Provincial Department of Finance, Provincial Department of Transportation, Provincial Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Provincial Department of Commerce, Provincial Emergency Department, Provincial Market Supervision Bureau, Hunan Investigation Corps of National Bureau of Statistics, Information Office of Provincial People’s Government, Hunan Branch of China Agricultural Development Bank, Hunan Branch of China Grain Reserve Management Group Co., Ltd. and Changsha Railway Office of China Railway Guangzhou Bureau Group Co., Ltd. are members.

　　The office of the provincial food emergency command mechanism is located in the Provincial Grain and Material Reserve Bureau, and the director of the Provincial Grain and Material Reserve Bureau is also the person in charge of the office.

　　The people’s governments of cities, prefectures, counties and urban areas shall establish a food emergency work mechanism. When there is a corresponding food emergency state within their respective jurisdictions, they shall quickly set up a food emergency work command mechanism to be responsible for leading, organizing and directing the food emergency work within their respective administrative areas, establish and improve the food market monitoring and early warning system and the responsibility system for food emergency prevention and handling, timely and truthfully report information, arrange necessary funds, ensure the normal work of food emergency disposal, and, if necessary, submit it to the competent authorities to take price intervention measures according to law. When there is a food emergency in this area, we must first start the food emergency response at the same level. If the food emergency situation in this area is upgraded, it can be submitted to the people’s government at a higher level for support. After the superior food emergency response is started, it will be deployed in accordance with the superior food emergency command mechanism to complete various emergency tasks.

　　2.2 Responsibilities of member units of emergency work command mechanism

　　The Provincial Development and Reform Commission is responsible for the comprehensive coordination of food emergency work, the regulation of grain market and grain reserves, and the proposal for the use of provincial grain reserves (including provincial reserve oil, the same below) to the provincial people’s government; Responsible for monitoring the market price of grain, in case of emergency, with the consent of the provincial people’s government, take the lead in setting the maximum price of grain sales or take other price intervention measures to keep the market price stable according to the provisions of the Price Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC).

　　The Provincial Grain and Material Reserve Bureau is responsible for monitoring the market grain situation; In conjunction with relevant provincial departments (units), improve the management and utilization mechanism of provincial grain reserves, and timely put forward suggestions on the utilization of provincial grain reserves; Responsible for the organization, processing, transportation and supply of emergency grain sources, and implement the management of the highest and lowest inventory.

　　Hunan Bureau of the State Grain and Material Reserve Bureau is responsible for the implementation of the central grain reserve emergency support work within its jurisdiction, and coordinating the national reserve warehouse, special railway lines and other resources to serve the regional food emergency work.

　　The provincial public security department is responsible for maintaining the public order of the food supply places and ensuring the smooth road traffic of the grain emergency convoy; Cooperate with relevant departments (units) to crack down on illegal and criminal activities that disrupt the grain market order in a timely manner.

　　The Provincial Department of Finance is responsible for the financial support for the food emergency work at the provincial level.

　　The Provincial Department of Transportation is responsible for the road traffic management of food emergency work.

　　The Provincial Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs is responsible for solving the emergency shortage of food production.

　　The Provincial Department of Commerce is responsible for coordinating the import and export of emergency food with the Provincial Development and Reform Commission.

　　The Provincial Emergency Department participates in the food emergency work in the whole province.

　　The Provincial Market Supervision Bureau is responsible for the quality and safety supervision and management of food entering food production and processing units and food processed products entering food business units, and investigating and handling violations of relevant laws and regulations on food safety according to law; Responsible for cracking down on trademark infringement, illegal advertising, unfair competition and monopoly in food business activities according to law; Carry out price supervision and inspection, investigate and deal with price violations according to law, and maintain market price stability; Cooperate with relevant departments to investigate and deal with unlicensed operation in food business activities.

　　Hunan Investigation Corps of National Bureau of Statistics is responsible for statistical monitoring of grain production in the whole province.

　　The information office of the provincial people’s government is responsible for the information release and public opinion guidance of food emergencies.

　　China Agricultural Development Bank Hunan Branch is responsible for the implementation of loans for purchasing, storing, processing, allocating and supplying emergency food.

　　Hunan Branch of China Grain Reserve Management Group Co., Ltd. is responsible for reporting and implementing the central grain reserves and other central grain utilization plans in Hunan.

　　Changsha Railway Office of China Railway Guangzhou Bureau Group Co., Ltd. is responsible for the railway transportation of grain emergency work.

　　3. Monitoring and early warning

　　3.1 Market monitoring and early warning

　　The Provincial Development and Reform Commission and the Provincial Grain and Material Reserve Bureau shall, jointly with the relevant departments (units) of the province, establish and improve the monitoring and early warning system of grain supply and demand and market price in the whole province, strengthen the monitoring and early warning analysis of grain market supply and demand and price situation, keep abreast of the dynamic changes of grain market supply and demand and price, and timely submit information on production, inventory, circulation, consumption, price and quality of major grain varieties, so as to provide a basis for formulating grain production, circulation and consumption policies.

　　Relevant departments (units) of cities, prefectures, counties and cities should strengthen real-time monitoring and analysis of grain production, demand, inventory, price and grain market dynamics within their respective jurisdictions, and timely submit market monitoring as required. In particular, it is necessary to strengthen the tracking and monitoring of major natural disasters and other emergencies, report in time when there is an emergency, and do a good job in dealing with it in advance to control the development of the situation.

　　3.2 Information report

　　The Provincial Development and Reform Commission, the Provincial Grain and Material Reserve Bureau and the Provincial Department of Commerce shall establish and improve the emergency reporting system for abnormal fluctuations in the provincial grain market. When the grain market fluctuates abnormally, the departments of development and reform, grain and commerce of cities, counties and cities should immediately investigate and verify, report the incident to the local people’s government and the higher authorities (units) in a timely manner, and notify the relevant departments (units). In the event of a major food emergency, the municipal people’s government shall report to the provincial people’s government within 2 hours.

　　4. Emergency response and disposal

　　4.1 emergency classification and response

　　According to the scope and degree of its influence, the emergency state of grain is divided into four levels: general emergency state (IV), major emergency state (III), major emergency state (II) and particularly major emergency state (I).

　　4.1.1　General emergency state (Grade IV):Refers to the food emergency in the administrative area of a county (excluding the main urban area where the municipal people’s government is located), and the situation that the county people’s government thinks it is necessary to treat it as a general emergency.

　　When there is a general state of food emergency, the county and city development and reform or the administrative department of food and reserves shall put forward suggestions and report to the people’s government at the same level for approval to start the level IV emergency response, and the county and city shall co-ordinate the implementation of the level IV emergency response and disposal measures, and the county and city people’s governments shall promptly report to the local city and state people’s governments.

　　4.1.2　Major emergency state (Grade III):Refers to a state of food emergency in two or more counties and cities in a city or in the main city where the people’s government of a city is located, and the situation that the people’s government of a city thinks it is necessary to treat it with a greater emergency.

　　When there is a major food emergency, the municipal development and reform or the administrative department of food and reserves shall put forward suggestions, report to the people’s government at the same level for approval to start the level III emergency response, and the municipal people’s government shall co-ordinate the implementation of the level III emergency response and disposal measures, and the municipal people’s government shall report the relevant situation to the provincial people’s government in a timely manner.

　　4.1.3　Major emergency state (Grade II):It refers to the situation that there is a major food emergency in two or more cities or provincial capitals, or it is beyond the disposal capacity of the people’s governments of cities and prefectures, and the provincial people’s government believes that it is necessary to treat it with a major emergency.

　　When a major food emergency occurs, the Provincial Development and Reform Commission or the Provincial Grain and Material Reserve Bureau shall report to the provincial people’s government for approval to start the level II emergency response, and co-ordinate the implementation of the level II emergency response and disposal measures. The provincial people’s government timely report the relevant situation to the State Council, and send a copy to the relevant ministries and commissions. The report mainly includes the following contents:

　　(1) the variety, quantity, quality, inventory cost and sales price of the provincial grain reserves;

　　(2) the use of provincial grain reserves funding arrangements, sources of subsidies;

　　(3) arrangements for the use of provincial grain reserves and transportation guarantee, such as physical allocation, processing and supply, market sales, low-price supply or free distribution, and specific measures to ensure transportation;

　　(4) Other supporting measures.

　　4.1.4 Extraordinary major emergency state (Grade I): generally speaking, it refers to the situation that two or more provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government have food emergency state, which is specifically determined according to the standards stipulated in the National Food Emergency Plan.

　　When a particularly serious food emergency occurs, all food emergency work will be carried out under the unified command and deployment of the national food emergency work command mechanism.

　　4.2 Disposal measures

　　4.2.1 In case of general food emergencies (level IV emergency response), the county and urban food emergency work command mechanism shall co-ordinate the implementation of level IV emergency response, and one or more of the following measures may be taken according to specific circumstances:

　　(1) The command mechanism of food emergency work in counties and cities held a consultation meeting, with the participation of relevant members of the command mechanism, made arrangements for food emergency work, and quickly took countermeasures;

　　(2) Correctly guide public opinion, stabilize social psychological expectations and prevent the emergence and spread of panic;

　　(3) according to the emergency situation in the grain market, increase market supply, stabilize food prices and ensure supply;

　　(4) When necessary, first use the county’s urban corporate social responsibility reserve, and if it is insufficient, report it to the people’s government at the same level for approval to use the county’s urban grain reserves;

　　(5) according to the needs, according to the requisition of the county urban food operators;

　　(6) If it is really necessary to use the grain reserves of other counties or cities in the city where it is located, the people’s government of the county and city shall apply to the people’s government of the city where it is located and use the plan, which shall be implemented after being approved by the people’s government of the city where it is located.

　　4.2.2 In case of major food emergencies (level III emergency response), the municipal and state food emergency command mechanism will co-ordinate the implementation of level III emergency response, and one or more of the following measures can be taken according to the specific circumstances:

　　(1) the city and state food emergency command mechanism held a consultation meeting, with the participation of relevant members of the command mechanism, made arrangements for food emergency work, and quickly took countermeasures;

　　(2) Correctly guide public opinion, stabilize social psychological expectations and prevent the emergence and spread of panic;

　　(3) according to the emergency situation in the grain market, increase market supply, stabilize food prices and ensure supply;

　　(4) When necessary, first use the city’s state corporate social responsibility reserve, and if it is insufficient, report it to the people’s government at the same level for approval to use the city’s state grain reserves;

　　(5) according to the needs, according to the requisition of food business operators in this city;

　　(6) If it is really necessary to use other municipal grain reserves or provincial grain reserves, the municipal people’s government shall apply to the provincial people’s government, and the Provincial Grain and Material Reserve Bureau shall, jointly with the Provincial Development and Reform Commission and the Provincial Department of Finance, put forward a utilization plan, which shall be implemented after being approved by the provincial people’s government.

　　4.2.3 In case of major food emergencies (level II emergency response), the provincial food emergency command mechanism will co-ordinate the implementation of level II emergency response, and one or more of the following measures can be taken according to the specific circumstances:

　　(1) the provincial food emergency command mechanism held a consultation meeting, with the participation of relevant members of the command mechanism, made arrangements for food emergency work, and quickly took countermeasures;

　　(2) The provincial food emergency command mechanism should keep abreast of the development of food emergency state, release relevant information together with the news department, correctly guide public opinion, ease social tension, and prevent the emergence and spread of panic;

　　(3) according to the emergency situation in the grain market, guide the use of grain reserves in areas with abnormal conditions, increase market supply, stabilize food prices and ensure supply;

　　(4) Set up a front-line command mechanism when necessary, and lead the working group to the front line to organize and direct the food emergency work according to the needs;

　　(5) When putting provincial grain reserves in a timely and appropriate amount and using provincial grain reserves, the Provincial Grain and Material Reserve Bureau is responsible for the implementation of the plan for the use of provincial grain reserves, specifically implementing the grain storage location, drawing up and reporting key transportation plans in time, and negotiating with relevant departments (units) to arrange transportation reasonably to ensure the timely allocation of grain. The provincial grain reserves shall be delivered or picked up, and the transportation expenses shall be borne by the transferring party;

　　(6) When necessary, requisition the food of the food operators in cities and counties where there is no abnormal situation according to law;

　　(7) When the supply of food in the province is in short supply, the provincial people’s government shall report to the State Council to apply for the use of central grain reserves and other central grain;

　　(8) the implementation of food storage in the province under specific circumstances of food operators;

　　(9) When necessary, request the competent authority to enforce the maximum price of grain sales or take other price intervention measures in cities and states with abnormal conditions;

　　(10) Requisition of storage facilities, sites, means of transportation and materials to ensure food supply according to law;

　　(11) In case of emergency, emergency measures such as fixed-point grain sales, planned supply and unified distribution shall be implemented in key areas.

　　4.2.4 In case of a particularly serious food emergency (level I emergency response), the provincial food emergency command mechanism shall be implemented in accordance with the requirements of the National Food Emergency Plan.

　　4.3 information release

　　The provincial food emergency command mechanism shall do a good job in the news release under the state of food emergency in accordance with the "Emergency Plan for the Press Release of Emergencies in Hunan Province".

　　4.4 Response Adjustment and Termination

　　After the grain market supply returns to normal and the emergency state is eliminated, the unit that initiated the emergency response shall propose to the people’s government at the corresponding level to terminate the emergency response of grain at the corresponding level. After approval, the work measures shall be adjusted and the emergency response shall be terminated.

　　5. Recovery and reconstruction

　　5.1 Summary evaluation

　　After the state of food emergency is lifted, the food and reserve departments should summarize and evaluate the food emergency work in time, analyze the reasons, study the improvement measures, and improve the food emergency capacity.

　　5.2 Emergency funds and liquidation

　　The grain and reserve departments of provinces, cities, counties and cities provide emergency use of grain reserves at all levels, and conduct preliminary examination on the price difference, loan interest expenses, etc., and put forward the capital demand. The financial department and audit department at the same level review and audit the capital demand put forward by the grain and reserve departments, and report to the people’s government at the same level for approval, and conduct liquidation in a timely manner.

　　Loans for emergency use of grain reserves at all levels shall be liquidated and recovered by agricultural development banks at all levels in conjunction with the grain and reserve departments at the same level.

　　5.3 Emergency compensation, subsidies and pensions

　　People’s governments at all levels shall compensate the corporate social responsibility reserves used during the emergency response and the materials, funds and services of relevant units and enterprises for emergency mobilization and requisition according to law; Subsidies and pensions shall be given to those who are sick, disabled or killed due to their participation in emergency response.

　　5.4 Emergency response capability recovery

　　According to the needs and utilization of food in an emergency situation, measures such as promoting food production, increasing grain purchase or appropriate transfer should be taken in time to supplement grain reserves and commercial stocks at all levels and restore food emergency capacity.

　　6. Emergency support

　　6.1 grain emergency reserve

　　The people’s governments of provinces, cities, counties and cities should improve the local grain reserve system, maintain the necessary reserve scale and enterprise reserve inventory, optimize the layout and variety structure of grain reserves at all levels, establish finished grain reserves as required, strengthen supervision and inspection of grain reserves, and enhance their awareness and ability to cope with abnormal fluctuations in the grain market.

　　6.2 emergency food security channels

　　Grain and reserve departments at all levels shall establish and improve the emergency processing, storage, transportation and supply network of grain. Support a number of large and medium-sized grain and oil processing enterprises close to grain sources and key sales areas, with convenient transportation and good facilities as designated enterprises for emergency processing, and select a number of reputable state-owned or state-controlled grain retail outlets, military supply outlets, supermarket chains, shopping malls and other grain retail enterprises to undertake emergency grain supply tasks; Select a group of transportation enterprises with good business reputation and strong capacity dispatching ability to undertake emergency transportation tasks. At the same time, the municipal grain and reserve departments should strengthen the management of grain emergency processing, transportation and supply enterprises, and ensure that the designated emergency processing, supply, distribution and transportation enterprises are subject to unified arrangements and scheduling under emergency conditions.

　　People’s governments at all levels should give full play to the role of state-owned or state-controlled grain enterprises as the main channel in grain emergency regulation while improving the market economic system and a unified, standardized and orderly market system. Taking counties and cities as units, it is necessary to keep 1-2 state-owned or state-controlled grain enterprises with a certain scale and strength, and strengthen and improve infrastructure and technical strength through reforming the system and innovation mechanism and giving corresponding policy support, so that state-owned or state-controlled grain enterprises can become the main body of grain emergency regulation.

　　6.3 Strengthen regional emergency support capacity building.

　　Relying on comprehensive reserve bases, large grain enterprises, important grain logistics parks, etc., we will coordinate and integrate resources such as processing, storage and transportation, distribution, supply, and special railway lines, strengthen the construction of regional grain emergency support centers, improve regional emergency support capabilities, highlight major strategic areas, and form a grain emergency support mechanism with hierarchical response, step-by-step support, self-help in small disasters and mutual assistance in large disasters.

　　6.4 Information Guarantee

　　People’s governments at all levels should comprehensively apply technologies such as big data, cloud computing and modern logistics information, strengthen the informatization construction of food emergency, actively integrate into the local emergency resource management platform, give play to the role of comprehensive emergency dispatch, and realize unified release of major information, real-time release of key instructions, coordination and linkage of multi-level organizations, and scientific prediction of development trends in emergency situations.

　　6.5 Publicity, training and drills

　　Grain and reserve departments at all levels should strengthen the publicity and training of emergency plans at the corresponding levels, simulate the construction of emergency scenarios, organize emergency drills on a regular basis, and focus on emergency command, response mechanism, coordination and linkage, and comprehensive support, so as to improve the ability of food emergency support.

　　7. supplementary provisions

　　7.1 rewards and punishments and responsibilities

　　Units and individuals that have made outstanding contributions to the food emergency security work shall be commended and rewarded in accordance with the relevant provisions, as an important basis for appraising, selecting and appointing, and evaluating.

　　For those who fail to perform their duties seriously, neglect their duties and cause serious losses in the food emergency security work, the relevant responsible persons shall be held accountable according to the law and regulations; If a crime is constituted, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law.

　　After the start of the food emergency plan, with the approval of the people’s government at or above the county level, the food emergency command mechanism at the same level shall requisition the materials, equipment and facilities to ensure the food supply in this administrative area according to law, and give reasonable compensation. The relevant units and individuals shall give support and cooperation, and shall not refuse for any reason.

　　7.2 The meanings of above and below

　　The above mentioned in this plan includes this number, and the following does not include this number.

　　7.3 Interpretation and update of the plan

　　The general office of the provincial people’s government shall be responsible for the interpretation of this plan, and the specific work shall be undertaken by the Provincial Grain and Material Reserve Bureau.

　　7.4 Plan implementation

　　This plan shall come into force as of the date of promulgation. The "Hunan Province Food Emergency Plan" (Hunan Zhengban Fa [2018] No.23) issued in April 2018 was abolished at the same time.

　　attachment

Classification description of triggering food emergency state

　　Natural disasters trigger a state of food emergency,Refers to the occurrence of natural disasters such as earthquakes, floods, mudslides, freezing rain and snow, and their derivative disasters, which lead to food emergencies, damage to infrastructure such as electricity and water conservancy, and damage to transportation routes such as roads and railways. Development and reform departments at all levels, grain and reserve departments, together with transportation departments, commercial departments and emergency management departments, supply staple food and all kinds of ready-to-eat food to the disaster-stricken areas in various possible ways of grain logistics and transportation to alleviate the emergency demand for food in the disaster-stricken areas. At the same time, combined with the actual situation of the disaster area, such as topography and disasters, various modes of transportation such as railways, highways, waterways and aviation, as well as social logistics and transportation resources such as postal services and express delivery, are flexibly adopted to transport finished grain nearby to ensure subsequent emergency needs.

　　Accidents and disasters triggered a state of food emergency,Refers to accidents and disasters that occur in the process of production and life and cause a large number of casualties, economic losses or environmental pollution, such as nuclear leakage, heavy metal pollution, etc., which lead to environmental damage, pollution of planting land and irrigation water sources, impact on grain planting, production, processing, storage and transportation, and threaten the food safety of people in the affected areas when mass or large-scale market circulation of grain suffers from heavy metals, mycotoxins and nuclear radiation. Agricultural and rural departments at all levels, grain and reserve departments should immediately, jointly with market supervision departments and news propaganda departments, incorporate indicators such as heavy metals and mycotoxins into food inspection projects, strengthen food quality inspection, strictly control food quality, timely control and cut off the problem food sources in the affected areas, and carry out alternative food source supply; Timely release relevant information, including crisis cause analysis, problem grain source control, quality monitoring, etc., to convey correct public opinion guidance to the society.

　　Sudden public health events triggered a state of food emergency,It refers to the short-term food emergency caused by public health emergencies, and the staged, local supply shortage and sharp increase in food prices in the grain market caused by panic buying by the masses. The response measures focus on ensuring supply. The development and reform departments at all levels, the grain and reserve departments, together with the commercial departments and the market supervision departments, should first stabilize the grain market supply and market expectations, dispatch and increase the supply of finished grain in shortage areas, timely release the information on grain market supply and stabilize market expectations; Secondly, do a good job in monitoring and early warning of food prices and stocks, timely grasp the emergency resources and emergency capabilities of food emergency processing enterprises, supply outlets, storage and transportation enterprises, and open the fast track of emergency food transportation.

　　Sudden public health incidents triggered a long-term state of food emergency (generally more than 15 days), resulting in increased panic among the masses, continuous shortage of food market supply, and sharp rise in food prices. The response measures focus on expanding emergency processing and production, increasing the distribution capacity of dispatching transportation enterprises, and maintaining the continuous and stable supply of supply outlets. The grain and reserve departments at all levels shall, jointly with the transportation departments, do a good job in tracking and monitoring the grain emergency processing capacity, distribution capacity and inventory of outlets, continuously open the fast-track of emergency grain transportation, timely announce the production capacity of enterprises and the market supply guarantee, stabilize the grain market supply and expectation, prevent supply interruption, and timely start the grain emergency plan at the corresponding level. When necessary, you can apply for support to the national food emergency command mechanism.

　　Social security incidents triggered a state of food emergency,Refers to the short-term food prices rising too fast due to major social security incidents, terrorist attacks, foreign-related emergencies, financial security incidents, large-scale mass incidents, ethnic and religious emergencies, school safety incidents and other sudden social security incidents with serious social impact, resulting in local food supply shortages, people’s centralized snapping up of food, food out of stock and other food emergency situations. Development and reform departments at all levels, food and reserve departments, together with commercial departments and transportation departments, do a good job in grain dispatching and finished products in time. Carry out food price monitoring and inventory early warning monitoring. Grain and reserve departments at all levels, together with news propaganda departments, are actively guiding public opinion through various means such as information media, press conferences, and the Internet, timely announcing the market supply situation, and eliminating people’s panic. Grain and reserve departments at all levels, in conjunction with market supervision departments, severely crack down on malicious price hikes and spreading false statements, and start emergency grain processing and production when necessary to ensure the supply of grain.

　　Special circumstances trigger a state of food emergency,It means that when the grain production is reduced due to special circumstances such as large amount of cultivated land and serious shortage of water resources, which leads to abnormal fluctuation of the grain market due to local imbalance of grain supply in the province, the Provincial Development and Reform Commission, the Provincial Grain and Material Reserve Bureau and the Provincial Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs report the relevant situation to the provincial grain emergency command mechanism and the provincial people’s government, and carry out emergency supply capacity assessment for full-caliber grain stocks in all regions of the province at the current stage, and organize grain allocation in a timely manner according to the degree of emergency and the strength of support capacity to stabilize supply and stabilize food prices.

　　What is the most tearful thing these days? Nothing is more than "the head is not bald yet, and the cervical vertebrae are collapsed first." Low-headed people don’t hurry to touch their back necks. Is your cervical vertebra okay? As a "senior" patient with cervical spondylosis, the reporter also groped for a long time on the road to saving cervical vertebrae and tried many methods, but compared with this netizen, the reporter sighed! How hard they have worked to treat cervical spondylosis! Take a quick look at their fancy self-help method.

　　Yangzi Evening News/Zi Niu Journalist Wang Yun

　　Netizens share neck brace, traction and massage … … Evaluation of cervical self-help artifact

　　Artifact 1: Neck Bracket

　　"I think this kind of thing should have one person." Netizen Elly introduced her new good product to her colleagues: neck support. According to the photo, this neck brace looks like an advanced version of the "neck collar". The professional term is an ergonomic curved neck strap, which can adjust the neck circumference according to the thickness of one’s neck and has the effect of supporting decompression.

　　Netizen Elly said that when she first wore it, she felt a little uncomfortable and needed to hold it all the time, but she got used to it after two days of adaptation. "It is very light and small, and the fabric is quite comfortable. Wearing it can play a role of reminding, like holding the back of the head with one hand. I feel that this is also conducive to opening the shoulders, and it will not put any pressure on the cervical vertebrae and shoulders for one day."

　　Artifact 2: Traction Pillow

　　"Torturing my cervical spondylosis and neck pain, it’s much better to use a traction pillow!" A netizen said that his cervical spine was particularly sore because he often played mobile phones, and there was a "rich bag" that affected his posture. After trying the traction pillow, he felt more relaxed and comfortable.

　　The reporter found that the traction pillow is different from the advertised sleeping pillow for repairing cervical vertebrae. It is not used for sleeping, but for going to bed. This kind of product claims that it only takes a few minutes every day to lie down gently and bid farewell to cervical discomfort. It uses the gravity of the head to pull the cervical vertebra and guide the cervical vertebra to return to a healthy curvature. The slightly advanced one also has a heating function.

　　Artifact 3: Cervical Vertebral Instrument

　　"We are bald for a while, overworked for a while, and we have to soak Lycium barbarum in a thermos cup for a while … …” A netizen laughed at himself. It is nothing new to feel that the post-90s generation is full of problems. Now the neck has become a key protection object. The artifact she recommended is a cervical vertebra instrument, which looks like a big crab pliers and is covered with bumps. This kind of product is not electric massage, but self-weight massage.

　　"This massager really pinpoints the sore point on the cervical vertebra. Lying on it for ten minutes every day with arm exercise is really sour and refreshing, especially relaxing the trapezius muscle." Netizens share their own experience and recommend it to cervical vertebra patients with shoulder and neck pain.

　　Artifact 4: Foam Axis

　　"I want to announce that the foam shaft is an artifact of cervical spondylosis, which really saved my cervical discomfort tonight." A netizen shared her newly discovered artifact to save cervical vertebra — — Foam shaft, "can make you really relax in an instant, feel much more comfortable, at least not painful."

　　She also shared the use of foam shaft to relieve cervical pain: the whole body lies flat and relaxes, the foam shaft is placed on the pillow, and the head is slightly twisted left and right. You can feel the pain in the acupoints below the back of your head, and you will relax a lot after rolling.

　　Artifact 5: Cervical traction chair

　　Do you still remember the "hanging" cervical exercise method created by aunts and uncles? On the big trees in the park, they hang their heads on the trees, swing and shake their bodies rhythmically, and some can even keep their feet off the ground. It is precisely because of the strange style of painting that it once occupied the hot search list. However, what I want to talk about here is of course not this kind of "hanging by hanging", but netizens directly buy "cervical traction chair" and treat it by hanging their necks at home. "The advantage is that it is uncomfortable. I can use it at home at any time. I have used it for more than a dozen times in a row and feel that my shoulders and neck are much easier." Some netizens commented on the use experience.

　　The reporter searched on the shopping website and found that there are quite a few hospitals with the same model, and the sales volume is also good. Many of them advertised "solving the fundamental problem of cervical vertebrae". The reporter noticed that these traction chair are even more luxurious than those in hospitals, and many of them are more comfortable to sit for a long time with sofa-class seats; Can adjust the lever by itself, which can be long or short; Even the traction belt is widened and thickened, which can be adjusted according to the face shape.

　　Expert’s opinion, the good habit of "looking up at the sky" may be the best artifact.

　　So many artifacts to save the cervical vertebra, which one is useful? The reporter found an interesting phenomenon. Whenever a netizen shares his "self-help artifact", there are different opposition voices underneath. For example, although the neck brace recommended by the above netizens is good for their own use, some people use their own failure examples to suggest that those people with poor cervical vertebrae can’t wear it for a long time, which will make the neck muscles lose their self-regulation ability.

　　Just like a netizen accidentally revealed the "truth" — — "If there are such artifacts, the topic of cervical spondylosis will not exist!"

　　Tian Jiwei, chief medical officer of Deyu Medical, vice president of Nanjing Jiangbei Hospital and director of the Orthopedic Center, pointed out that cervical spondylosis is a syndrome concept, and most people do not need surgery after suffering from cervical spondylosis. "In clinic, less than 10% of patients really need surgery, which means that 90% of patients can achieve good results through conservative treatment, and even play a preventive role."

　　For a variety of therapeutic artifacts such as cervical pillows on the market, he also reminded that they may not play a therapeutic role.

　　How to prevent cervical spondylosis? It is very simple. First of all, we should reduce the inactivity that lasts for a long time. "If an action lasts for three hours, our cervical vertebrae will degenerate and strain, and long-term degeneration and strain will induce the proliferation, bulging and protrusion of intervertebral discs, and finally induce cervical spondylosis." Tian Jiwei said that for the "low-headed people" who use mobile phones and computers for a long time, they should get into the habit of looking up at the sky and rest for 15 minutes after a continuous action for two hours. "This will restore our physiological curvature without further aggravation."

　　Tian Jiwei believes that in the conservative treatment methods that cervical vertebra patients can try, besides changing posture regularly at work, exercise is also very important. Gentle neck movement and upper limb movement are beneficial to the relaxation of neck and shoulder muscles and improve blood circulation, and mild cervical spondylosis will be improved. "But not all sports are suitable. Swimming and flying kites are the sports that patients with cervical spondylosis can choose. These two exercises are effective for the recovery of cervical physiological curvature, the repair of cervical intervertebral disc and the prevention of the deterioration of cervical spondylosis. "

　　Xinhua Online Hai, August 14th (Reporter He Xinrong, Joline) The home is too messy, please ask someone to help you "break away"; Running at night, there are people who accompany the guidance; I can’t find bike-sharing when I go out, and someone will come and put it in a few days … … Have you ever thought that there are rich new job opportunities behind these increasingly familiar scenes?

　　It’s not that I don’t understand, it’s that the world is changing too fast. The surging new economy makes the definition of "work" richer and more exciting. More and more post-80s and post-90s have started different careers. While showing personality, it also brings more vitality to society.

　　The Magic of New Economy: From 360 Lines to 3600 Lines

　　Bike-sharing operator, shared office housekeeper, credit manager, quantitative trader, fashion blogger, family organizer, food stylist, escort runner, genetic tester, UP owner, drone trainer & HELIP; … The degree of "brain holes" in new occupations is beyond imagination.

　　Rome was not built in a day, and new occupations did not emerge overnight. The booming new economy in recent years is a fertile ground for these new occupations.

　　Although there is no accurate official definition, the coverage of "new economy" is very extensive. It not only refers to internet plus, Internet of Things, cloud computing and other emerging industries and formats in the tertiary industry, but also includes intelligent manufacturing and mass customization production in industry, and also involves family farms in the primary industry, and the integrated development of rural primary, secondary and tertiary industries.

　　In the past two years, the "new economy" has accelerated its growth, showing amazing "magic power": China’s employment indicators (including newly employed population, survey unemployment rate, etc.) rank first among 63 major economies in the world, while the macroeconomic growth rate is slowing down.

　　There is no doubt that the "new occupation" spawned by the "new economy" has absorbed a large number of employed people. The constantly updated list of national vocational qualifications shows that the number of jobs is moving from the original 360 to the new 3600. More and more people are creating new values for society while releasing their individuality.

　　Five rules of new career: see how many you have.

　　It is precisely because it resonates with the new economy at the same frequency that new occupations that look colorful actually have rules to follow. If you don’t want to be bound by the "cubicle", you may wish to refer to the following five rules:

　　[Internet Gene] The sharing economy has created operators, shared office housekeepers and shared house landlords in bike-sharing, while the platform economy has brought car drivers, couriers and take-away workers. Nowadays, most of the hottest entrepreneurial fields have Internet genes. With the Internet "connecting everything", people’s "career map" is being refreshed rapidly.

　　The current Internet applications are mainly concentrated in the fields of consumption and services. With the Internet becoming an infrastructure like hydropower and coal, and expanding to manufacturing and agriculture, new jobs with Internet genes will continue to emerge.

　　Su Hainan, vice president of china association for labour studies, said that the new occupation in the Internet era has some new features. If the task is fragmented, the working hours are not fixed; Diversified labor relations, such as the traditional employment relationship between platform and employees; Products and services are personalized, and labor output is more suitable for the specific needs of consumers.

　　[Subdivide and subdivide] A food can’t be nutritious, but it must be delicious. It’s not good just to eat, but to look good. As a result, the food stylist was born gorgeous. It must be said that the escalating demand of consumers has created new occupations in many seemingly inconspicuous segments.

　　"Professional people do professional things", with the east wind of consumption upgrading, new demands are constantly being stimulated: running and exercising with runners, traveling in personal tailor … … Because of China’s huge domestic demand market, any small demand may contain infinite potential.

　　[People behind "Nobody"] Unmanned driving, unmanned supermarket, drone delivery … … The rapid development of artificial intelligence technology makes the concept of "nobody" hot, and also makes many people worry that they will become a "useless" class. The statement that "50% of jobs will disappear in the next decade" has scared many fragile hearts.

　　In fact, no matter how developed artificial intelligence is and how many "unmanned" technologies are, there are still people behind it who are studying and manipulating it. However, their work changed from being in front of the stage to being behind the scenes. Tommy, Vice Minister of Science and Technology, said that in the long run, the employment brought by science and technology is far greater than unemployment. Take artificial intelligence for example, the algorithm engineer behind it is now in a state of extreme shortage. Instead of worrying about being replaced in the future, it is better to charge it now.

　　[Hobby is work] A few years ago, the old people would say, "Humor can’t be a meal", and no one regarded "telling jokes" as a job. Nowadays, "Duan Zishou" has really appeared. A few years ago, it was just a pastime to like the secondary culture and be good at making barrage videos. Today, the studio of "UP Master" has completed commercial realization in the real world of three dimensions.

　　Turning hobbies into jobs has become a new choice for many post-90s and post-90s. There are not so many instructions, and there is no strict index assessment. I do things with interest and "make money by playing." Therefore, parents who are eager to enroll their children in extracurricular training classes should see how important it is to respect their children’s nature and cultivate their interests!

　　[Rejuvenation of old crafts] It sounds that new occupations are often related to new knowledge and new skills? It’s not exactly like this. People always have some urgent needs, such as eating. From the ancient skilled worker to the modern chef, the professional "vest" is changing, but the core of pursuing delicious food has not changed.

　　Therefore, in the era of vigorous development of the new economy, the story of "rejuvenation of old crafts" has been staged again and again, even more moist than before. Bike-sharing is on fire, which has ruined the manufacturing workshop and the mechanic. There are fewer tailors on the street, but the old masters who come to order are popular. Once regarded as an unpopular veterinary graduate, she is now a pet beautician in MengMeng … … Society will not mistreat people with skills.

　　New employment concept: the boundary between white collar with gold collar and blue collar with gray collar is blurring.

　　The new economy gives birth to new occupations, and new occupations bring new employment concepts. In the past, people habitually divided their occupations into gold collar, white collar, gray collar and blue collar according to the working environment and income. Nowadays, more and more people find that the boundaries between these "collars" are becoming increasingly blurred.

　　"I earn 15,000 yuan a month. Will I lose this job for a gift of 2,000 yuan?" A few years ago, the story of a SF Express courier "getting angry" in a white-collar office was circulated around the Internet. Between words, full of professional pride. According to the traditional concept, the courier is a "blue-collar" position, which can make the courier stand at the scene of the bell ringing ceremony of listed companies due to the rapid growth of social demand and increasing technical content.

　　In the interview, the reporter was also exposed to many touching stories. Han Yien, a 28-year-old lawyer, was a financial company in Lujiazui, Shanghai. When she switched to be a home organizer, her mother cried. Because in the eyes of the older generation, this is a job of "serving people". But after more than two years of accumulation, Han Yien made a name for himself in the circle. Not only on-site service, but also receiving students and giving lectures, the "Qian Jing" is quite impressive. More and more elders gradually understand and recognize her choice of "not doing housework".

　　From farming society, industrial society, information society and intelligent age, the development of new technology has rapidly changed the traditional labor pattern. When mobile payment replaces cashier, artificial intelligence replaces repetitive workers, just as car drivers replaced coachmen.

　　It can be predicted that in the future, the social division of labor will become more and more detailed and the occupations will become more and more diversified. "Tall" jobs, such as investment bank traders, may be replaced by artificial intelligence if they don’t work hard. And more jobs without innate aura can live a wonderful life as long as they are willing to make sincere efforts.

　　The future has come. Embrace the new economy and fall in love with the new occupation. You, are you ready?

　　How do new Chinese immigrants overcome the difficulty of studying?

　　When new Chinese immigrants come to foreign countries and work hard, it is often difficult to take care of their children’s studies. In recent years, some young Chinese immigrants have gone abroad to study, but they are also faced with challenges such as different study environments in foreign countries and family financial difficulties, resulting in some dropouts. Let the children of new immigrants and young new immigrants better integrate into the new learning environment and ensure their academic success, which requires better home-school cooperation and better system design at the social level.

　　It is not common to play truant and work.

　　When new Chinese immigrants first arrive in the United States, they face many difficulties, and the education of their children is one of them.

　　According to the US "World Journal" report, due to the large number of young shop assistants recruited by Chinese restaurants and retail stores in new york, the problem of many new immigrant Chinese students dropping out of school is more serious.

　　According to Zhao Hongfang, a bilingual psychological counselor at Jiangbang High School in Flushing, some Chinese students are in Internet cafes all day and night. When they are familiar with the store, they actually help to watch the store at night. When asked by their parents how they have money to spend, they lie about working after class.

　　Some Chinese students don’t get along well with their parents, so they moved out at the age of 17 and watched the shop at night to earn living expenses. In particular, the owners of new Chinese restaurants in Flushing are looking for young clerks who know English, attracting a large number of dropouts. The school said that they would go to the restaurant to bring these students back.

　　However, the lack of diplomas will only bring more difficulties for new immigrants to seek a living in the United States in the future. According to the report, a survey in new york in 2015 showed that the annual salary of those without a high school diploma was only $21,121, those with a high school diploma was $31,038 and those with a bachelor’s degree was about $60,000.

　　It is worth noting that although new Chinese immigrants have played truant, worked or even dropped out of school, this is not the norm.

　　In an interview with this newspaper, Liang Guanjun, chairman of the American East Asian Association, believes that some students in every school play truant or drop out of school for some reason. "Flushing is so big, and employment opportunities are still limited. We can only say that this phenomenon exists among the new immigrants in new york, but the size of the’ large number’ in the report is debatable."

　　Even so, the difficulty in adapting to new Chinese immigrants still needs attention.

　　Inadvertence in discipline and difficulty in adaptation

　　Different from the "Chinese" born and raised in the United States, behind the new Chinese immigrants who came to the United States to work and play truant is the helplessness of their families’ inability to discipline and adapt to the environment.

　　"This is an old problem, which exists in big cities in the east and west of the United States and is quite difficult to solve." Chinese lawyer Sun Lantao said in an interview with this newspaper that Chinese in the United States often choose school districts to send their children to school. All the above phenomena occur in bad school districts. There, parents are forced to survive, sometimes working hard for 12 hours every day, and have no time to ask about their children’s learning. Children’s own English is not enough, and they are under bilingual pressure, so they are discouraged and unwilling to learn.

　　For new immigrant students, the financial hardship of their families is also a major incentive to play truant and work. "Nowadays, in the United States, it is not easy for restaurants to recruit people, so the salaries are relatively high." Liang Guanjun introduced that the monthly salary of Flushing Restaurant is about 2,800 dollars, which attracts students who can’t go on studying, and there are also cases where individual families have financial difficulties and need their children to make money.

　　The educational environment and allocation of educational resources in American society are also very different from those in China.

　　Sun Lantao introduced that the US Constitution and the constitutions of all states stipulate that any school-age children must receive compulsory education before the age of 18, regardless of whether they or their parents have immigration status. That is to say, even the children of illegal immigrants, as long as they are school-age children, no matter where they live, public schools must accept them and must not refuse them to go to school on the grounds of poor English and insufficient test scores. However, at the implementation level, the imbalance of educational resources has greatly reduced the effect of ensuring the enrollment rate of immigrant children.

　　"American culture is different from that of China, where the whole people attach importance to education. Ordinary public schools often have poor basic education. Psychological counseling and bilingual guidance advocated by the education department cannot be put in place at all because of the lack of human resources. " Sun Taotao introduced.

　　The negligence of family discipline and the difference of social environment bring poor communication between home and school, which eventually leads to inefficiency in the academic management cooperation of new immigrant children. "Chinese immigrants, Chinese new immigrants, survival is a problem, and the language is unreasonable. I don’t know how to start." Sun Lantao said that the communication information between parents and school teachers is seriously poor, which reduces the effectiveness of cooperation between schools and parents.

　　Multi-party cooperation to promote studies together

　　How to help new Chinese immigrants better integrate into the new learning environment and ensure their enrollment rate? Experts said that the joint efforts and effective cooperation of all parties are needed.

　　On the one hand, new immigrant families need to integrate into the new study environment more actively. Cai Wenyao, consultant of the American Chinese Chamber of Commerce, said in an interview with this newspaper: "Children need to get out of the comfort zone and consult more local students. Parents can also make good use of community resources and communicate with other immigrant parents who have experienced difficult stages instead of resting on their laurels."

　　At the same time, home and school also need to better cooperate, psychologically appease their children, and more effectively prevent students who want to skip classes and work from drilling loopholes in the system.

　　In an interview with the World Journal, Zhao Hongfang said that parents can take the initiative to provide contact information to the school and learn to check attendance records and grades online. If parents leave their children completely unattended, the school can report it and ask the Children’s Service Administration to intervene in the investigation.

　　On the other hand, the society can also make efforts in promoting the children of Chinese new immigrants to study.

　　"In a short time, it is still a luxury to solve the problem of young Chinese immigrants going to school." Lawyer Sun Lantao said that despite this, from the legislative point of view, with the increasing proportion of Chinese in politics, this phenomenon will attract the attention of political circles, and the education department will also strengthen investment in this group and training bilingual teachers. With the increase of corresponding educational resources and infrastructure, the current situation may gradually change.

On April 25th, the 21st Shanghai Auto Show will be grandly opened at the National Convention and Exhibition Center (Shanghai). With the theme of "Embrace innovation and win the future", this year’s auto show will be full of heavy new cars, Xiaomi’s first SUV, the first fuel car equipped with Huawei Gankun Zhijia and comfortable seats, or will be officially unveiled/pre-sold for the first time. And BYD, which has already started pre-sale, or will be officially listed, which one is your expectation?

Xiaomi YU7

To be honest, our great success is not only a miracle of China auto market, but also unprecedented even if we look at the global market. In the case that Xiaomi SU7 has exploded, the attention of Xiaomi YU7 belonging to SUV category is even higher. On the appearance level, it basically continues the style of Xiaomi SU7, but incorporates more aerodynamic design. The highly acclaimed Saturn-ring penetrating taillight has also made design changes that are more suitable for SUV posture. The body size has reached 4999/1996/1600(1608)mm, the wheelbase is 3000mm, and it is positioned for medium and large SUVs. In terms of power and battery life, Xiaomi YU7 offers a variety of options, among which the dual-motor high-power version is 508kW, and the maximum battery life is 820km, which will also become Tesla’s biggest rival. However, for Xiaomi, the most urgent problem to be solved at present is the production capacity. The maximum production scheduling time of Xiaomi SU7 has been more than forty weeks, and SUV is obviously more popular. Xiaomi YU7 may be longer, and it is not impossible to pick up the car even after one year.

SAIC Audi A5L

Many people believe that there is an inherent contradiction between oil vehicles and intelligent driving due to structural reasons. However, SAIC Audi A5L has created a precedent for oil vehicles. Thanks to Audi’s latest PPC platform and stronger electrical architecture, SAIC Audi A5L can be equipped with Huawei Gankun ADS high-order intelligent driving scheme, equipped with a variety of sensors including two laser radars, or the industry’s first fuel vehicle equipped with Huawei intelligent driving technology. In other respects, the design of the new car is quite sporty, and the whole car has the style of Audi RS5. The luminous four-ring Logo fully highlights the essence of Audi’s "lamp factory", and the interior will also be equipped with a driver’s screen. In terms of body size, its length, width and height are 4903/1883/1427mm and its wheelbase is 2922 mm. In terms of power, the car will be equipped with a 2.0T EA888 Evo5 engine with a maximum power of 150kW, and with reference to Pro, SAIC Audi A5L will have a high-power version with a high probability.

Deep blue S09

In the full-size "9 Series Flagship" SUV market, and have successfully made a sample for their own brands. Since this year, this market segment has become more and more lively, and models such as,, and Extreme Krypton 9X have appeared one after another, and Deep Blue S09 is one of them. The car adheres to the concept of "love home and love home", and strives to bring more comfortable enjoyment to all occupants in the car in terms of space and configuration. For example, the mobile intelligent Nakajima pioneered by the same level has a maximum moving distance of 700mm, and passengers in the second and third rows can also take things conveniently, and the third row space and trunk space are better than the ideal L9. In addition, double zero gravity seats, entertainment ceiling screens, air suspension, Huawei Gankun Intelligent Driving and Huawei Harmony Intelligent Cabin are all available. In terms of power, it is equipped with deep blue super extended range 2.0 technology, and adopts the power system composed of the new blue whale HE1.5T ultra-high pressure direct injection hybrid special range extender and system. The total motor power is as high as 362kW.

AITO wenjie M8

Regardless of the model naming or product positioning, the M8 is regarded as the second flagship model of AITO. However, compared with the M9, its body size has not shrunk too much. The length, width and height are 5190/1999/1795mm, and the wheelbase is 3105mm, which is 40mm shorter than that of the M9, and the wheelbase is only 5mm less. It still provides 5 seats and 6 seats. And Huawei’s advanced intelligent driving, Huawei’s HarmonyOS cockpit, Xuanwu hard-core car body, Huawei’s Turing platform and other technologies or configurations are consistent with those of the M9, and the product strength is excellent. Coupled with the more people-friendly price starting from the pre-sale price of 368,000 yuan, explosive models have been booked. According to the official news, more than 70,000 sets of M8 have been ordered in two weeks, and the results are very eye-catching. It is also expected to bring more car rights when it is officially listed.

Byd Han L/ Tang l

In mid-March, BYD Han L/ Tang L ushered in pre-sale. The pre-sale price range of Han L was 270,000-350,000 yuan, and that of Tang L was 280,000-360,000 yuan. In addition to the new styling design, the biggest highlight lies in two aspects. First, both cars will be equipped with BYD’s brand-new MW flash charging technology, with a maximum charging power of 1000kW, a maximum charging voltage of 1,000 V, and a maximum charging current of 1,000 A. The maximum charging rate of 10C can achieve the maximum peak charging speed of 2 kilometers in one second, and it can travel 400 kilometers in 5 minutes. Second, both cars will be equipped with the world’s highest-speed drive motor with a mass production capacity of up to 30511rpm. The power of a single motor is as high as 580kW, and the total horsepower of the four-wheel drive version exceeds 1,000 horsepower, and the power performance is very explosive. In addition, the Eye of God B high-order intelligent driving, two rows of zero-gravity seats and other configurations are also equipped, which can bring excellent experience to users in terms of performance, configuration and energy supplement.

Automobile evaluation

To be sure, the above models have their own bright spots, and their arrival will certainly stir up the situation in the auto market. Besides them, the Shanghai Auto Show may also have models such as Krypton 9X and so on. At that time, we will also provide you with more detailed reports for the first time.