In American film and television dramas, whenever a character in the play says to order a Chinese takeaway, the next shot is often a white carton shot.

　　　　　　　　This kind of American Chinese take-out carton is called "Oyster pail" in American English. Textual research on the invention process of this paper "oyster barrel" is as lacking in historical data as when hamburgers were invented. There are three theories about the invention time of "oyster barrel": 1890, 1894 and 1908. The general idea is that from the end of 19th century to the beginning of 20th century, most of the workers who collected oysters on the west coast of the United States came from Asia. They made "oyster barrels" by traditional origami in East Asia to store oysters. The size of paper "oyster barrel" is especially suitable for retail oysters, and this packaging method soon spread all over the streets of the United States, and honey merchants also used "oyster barrel" to retail bulk honey.

Which American Chinese restaurant does the "oyster bucket" in American TV series belong to?

　　　　　　　　However, the "oyster barrel" became the standard of American Chinese takeout, but it was not until the popularity of microwave ovens in the United States after World War II and the rise of frozen and semi-processed foods. The efforts of the Chinese catering industry, coupled with the modified (hard to say improved) American Chinese food, are increasingly loved by other ethnic groups in the United States, and American Chinese food packed in "oyster barrels" has been served on the tables of thousands of households in the United States.

　　　　　　　　The "oyster barrel" that often appears in American TV shows is mostly written with "Thank you Delicious Company" on a white carton. In fact, this Chinese restaurant feels like a Chinese restaurant with a big stake in Hollywood, and it is called "Panda Express" (panda express). The group is a chain crocodile of American Chinese food in North America. It was founded by Cheng Qichang, a native of Yangzhou, who was born in Taiwan Province and immigrated to the United States alone. He bought a Chinese restaurant in 1973. At that time, President Nixon’s visit to China and the normalization of Sino-US relations, the China administration presented the first pair of national treasure pandas to the United States, so there was the earliest "panda restaurant". The success of this restaurant lies in that everything from the preparation process of each dish to the selection of ingredients is as standardized as fast food, so that non-Chinese can also go to work. This company has developed many dishes suitable for American tastes.

　　　　　　　　Before getting into the theme, let’s talk about the city where panda express is headquartered. There is an official translation of the name of this city, which is called Rosemead. On the other hand, some American Chinese dishes I introduced are not only available in "panda express". Similar American Chinese food chains include Manchukuo Wok and Great Wall Restaurant.

American Chinese food that is similar to Chinese food.

　　　　　　　　Let’s start with some dishes that Chinese can understand immediately. For example, "Kung Pao Chicken", "Spring Roll" and "Orange Chicken", which Xie Er has also eaten, are either strangely translated into English word by word or spelled with letters, but as long as you see the Chinese names on the menu, you can roughly know what they are, and after tasting them, you won’t feel the taste.

　　　　　　　　"Sweet and Sour Pork" is sweet and sour goo-goo meat. Although this Cantonese dish has been transformed into American BBQ sauce, it is still OK. Because Americans eat more chicken, this dish has a sister version of "Sweet and Sour Chicken".

Zuo Zongtang Chicken: What is sold in American restaurants is basically sweet.

　　　　　　　　The name of the next dish, you have to ponder, what is this?

　　　　　　　　"General Tso’s Chicken" (or Governor Tso’s Chicken) is a very famous dish in the United States and often appears in American TV series.

General Tso’s chicken

　　　　　　　　It is said that it originated from Pengyuan Restaurant in Taiwan Province, China. In the early 1970s, Jiang Jingguo, then the "Executive Dean" of Taiwan Province authorities, went to the restaurant for dinner. As the restaurant was closing, Peng Changgui, the owner of the restaurant, boned and diced the chicken leg, seeded and cut the pepper, fried the chicken pieces and drained them, then mixed them with pepper, chicken pieces, soy sauce, vinegar, minced garlic, Jiang Mo and chopped green onion, and finally thickened them with sesame oil, thus forming a new dish.

　　　　　　　　When Jiang Jingguo asked about the name of the dish after eating, Peng Changgui pretended to be Zuo Zongtang, so he got the signature dish "Zuo Zongtang Chicken".

　　　　　　　　Peng Changgui later opened Pengyuan Restaurant to Manhattan, USA. I.M. Pei invited Kissinger to eat this "Zuo Zongtang Chicken" in Pengyuan Restaurant, and the latter fell in love with this dish. Because Kissinger was the US Secretary of State at that time, for safety reasons, every time he went to Pengyuan Restaurant to eat Zuo Zongtang Chicken, he needed to clear the field. This attracted the attention of American media. After the report of ABC, Zuo Zongtang chicken became a household name in the United States, and as a result, Zuo Zongtang chicken appeared on the menus of many Chinese restaurants in the United States.

　 　 　 　 Jennifer Lee, an American journalist from The New York Times, specifically mentioned in a book published in 2008 that she interviewed many places in Hunan, and the locals said that they had never heard of a dish called "Zuo Zongtang Chicken" in Hunan cuisine. Peng Changgui learned from Li Jingkou that Zuo Zongtang chicken sold in American restaurants is basically sweet, and he felt incredible because he thought that Hunan food should not be sweet.

Li Hongzhang chop suey: It existed before Li Hongzhang visited the United States.

　　　　　　　　Chop Suey is also an American-style Chinese food that uses celebrities. However, unlike Zuo Zongtang’s chicken, there is no Li Hung-chang’s name in its common English name.

　　　　　　　　The menu of the earliest existing chop suey restaurant in the United States is a menu of Hongfa Building in Boston in 1879, and it is now in the American Chinese Museum in new york, which shows that "fried chop suey" existed before Li Hongzhang’s visit to the United States. The name of "chop suey" originated from Li Hongzhang’s visit to the United States in 1896. It is said that Li Hongzhang received a grand welcome in the local area and became the object of attention in the United States for a while. The restaurant merchants who entered the United States in advance successfully carried out a bundled advertising marketing in the name of Li Hongzhang, thus giving birth to the famous "Li Hongzhang chop suey".

　　　　　　　　The American version of "Li Hongzhang chop suey" is made of shredded pork, shredded chicken, shredded beef, shredded celery, shredded bamboo shoots, shredded green peppers, shredded onions, shredded Chinese cabbage or shredded snow peas. When Liang Qichao visited the United States in 1903, he tasted this dish, but his impression was not good: "However, the so-called chop suey is extremely poor in cooking, and there is no eater in Chinese. (Liang Qichao’s Collection of Drinking Rooms, Volume 7, Travels of the New World)

Edward hopper, an American painter, painted chop suey in 1929.

　　　　　　　　Chop Suey, spelled in Cantonese, entered the mainstream American culture as early as the early 20th century. For example, Nobel Prize in Literature winner sinclair lewis’s 1914 novel Our Mr. Ryan and 1922 novel Babbitt both mentioned the chop suey of American Chinese restaurants. Edward hopper, an American painter, painted chop suey in 1929. Apple computer users may be more familiar with another painting by Hope. Nighthawks created in 1942 is one of Apple’s own wallpaper.

Hibiscus egg: Is it white or yellow?

　　　　　　　　"Egg Foo Young". This dish, first of all, should it be white or yellow?

　　　　　　　　According to legend, the hibiscus egg was a local dish eaten by Zhu Shanxiang, an academician of the Qing Dynasty, when he was the examiner in Yunnan. It was named "hibiscus egg" because it was delicious, sweet, soft and smooth, and resembled a blooming Bai Furong. After he returned to his hometown of Tongxiang, Zhejiang, he readjusted his taste according to local eating habits. According to this statement, hibiscus eggs use egg white instead of yolk, so they should be white.

Hibiscus eggs

　　　　　　　　However, the hibiscus eggs brought to the United States by master Guangdong may be yellow from the beginning, and their shape is more similar to preserved vegetables and fried eggs.

　　　　　　　　Anyway, there are dishes fried with meat and vegetables in egg paste all over the world. But some Americans may not know whether "foo young" is a person’s name or a place name. In addition, there is a joke that this dish is called "hibiscus egg" in American Chinese restaurants, and the Hong Kong-style restaurant next door becomes "Omelette".

Fortune cookie: It probably originated from Japanese divination culture.

　　　　　　　　Fortune cookie is the most common American Chinese food in American TV series. But it is obvious that Chinese has not had this kind of catering custom since ancient times.

Fortune cookie

　　　　　　　　There is a saying that "fortune cookie" originated from "Dizhan Pancake" in Japanese divination culture and was brought to the United States by Japanese immigrants at the end of 19th century. During World War II, the fortune cookie business, which was originally dominated by Japanese-Americans, was gradually transferred to Chinese.

　　　　　　　　Fortune cookie has become a symbolic symbol in American culture, and many products have been produced from it. Such as fortune cookie-type jewelry, fortune cookie-type mysterious prophecy ball, fortune cookie on silver plate, etc.

In American Chinese food, vegetables are basically decorations.

　　　　　　　　Might as well make a summary.

　　　　　　　　American Chinese food, which is common in American TV dramas, highlights the sour, sweet and spicy taste that Americans prefer. In terms of cooking methods, American Chinese food is mostly fried food or stir-fried dishes.

　　　　　　　　Vegetables in Chinese food can be said to be mixed with all kinds of flavors, and they can also be served separately. But in American Chinese food, vegetables basically become side dishes and accompanying dishes, and most of them use tomatoes or carrots. Even green leafy vegetables such as kale and Chinese cabbage, which are common in Guangdong cuisine, are mostly replaced by vegetables common in western food such as broccoli.

　　　　　　　　Generally, Chinese restaurants in the United States will prepare several sets of menus, with Chinese and English or English menus for non-Chinese customers.

　　　　　　　　Many Chinese restaurants in the United States also have a Chinese menu to promote liver, chicken feet or other meat products, which may not be suitable for American tastes. Perhaps it is precisely because of the existence of this "dark cuisine" menu. Chinese restaurants in American TV dramas often seem strange and unpredictable. For example, there is a casino underground, and rats are soaked in bottles, and the boss rolls up strange herbs and smokes them.

　　　　　　　　How can I put it? The first Chinese restaurant to be opened on a large scale in the United States was the Guangdong master. In China, not everyone can get used to Cantonese "all-inclusive" recipes, not to mention not many "worldly" Americans. (It is by no means a regional post _)

　　Forensic doctors are specialized personnel in judicial organs who use medical technology to identify and identify persons, corpses, articles or substances related to cases. Their paper identification often determines the nature of a person’s crime and non-crime, misdemeanor and felony, and involves the future direction of a person or even a family. Therefore, for each identification, they are like walking on thin ice.

Procuratorial Forensic Medicine: Grasping the Knife and Pen of Justice

For the identification of casualties in criminal cases, the procuratorial forensic doctor should conduct a "retrial check".

The picture is provided by Yang Jie, a forensic doctor of Kunming Procuratorate, Yunnan Province.

　　This newspaper (reporter Guo Meihong)"I’m sorry, I’ll reply you later. I just received two cases, both of which are urgent. " Before leaving work, Shang Yanjun, a forensic doctor of Luan County Procuratorate in Hebei Province, sent a text message to the reporter. Fourteen years ago, because of her "super professional identity" with forensic doctors, she "switched careers" halfway to join the professional group of procuratorial forensic doctors.

　　Forensic medicine, a profession dealing with injury and death, is full of mystery to ordinary people.

　　Procuratorial forensic doctors are a special team in the procuratorate. Their battlefields are autopsy room and medical equipment room. In addition to restoring the truth of casualties by meticulous and exquisite professional skills like ordinary forensic doctors, they also undertake a special task-review and supervision, that is, they have to "review and check" the casualty identification in criminal cases; They should be involved in the identification of casualties in detention centers, detention centers and prisons.

　　Some people are released on bail for coronary heart disease by taking atropine, some people suddenly fall to the ground and die when being questioned, some people deliberately identify minor injuries as minor injuries, and write serious injuries as minor injuries … All these require them to hold on to the knife and pencil of justice, expose the false appearance with excellent professional accumulation and professional ethics, and restore the truth.

　　Their paper appraisal often determines the nature of a person’s crime and non-crime, misdemeanor and felony, and involves the future direction of a person or even a family. Therefore, for each appraisal, they are like walking on thin ice, because a slight mistake may lead to unjust, false and wrong cases.

　　"disobedient son" kills father

　　Why only sentenced to three years?

　　A few years ago, a death case occurred in Dongxia Town, Yunxiao County, Fujian Province, in which Zhou injured his father Zhou Moushan. After the case happened, the news media made a lot of reports on the incident of "disobedient son killing father". For a time, public opinion accused his son of "going against the road and annihilating human nature". It seems that it is not enough for the people to be angry if Zhou is not shot. The case was submitted to Zhangzhou City Procuratorate, and forensic doctor Liu Longqing (who was awarded the first class merit by the Supreme People’s Procuratorate and won the title of "Watching Justice-Top Ten Prosecutors Favorite by the Masses") examined the injuries of the deceased, and without saying anything, he and the case handlers drove more than 100 kilometers to the crime scene. Liu Longqing frowned when he learned that the body had been cremated.

　　The original identification was that the deceased died of cerebral hemorrhage, but the autopsy photos could not show where the bleeding point was. Liu Longqing talked with relatives and neighbors of the deceased many times. When he learned from the relatives of the deceased that the deceased had a history of heart disease, he seemed to learn something from it.

　　After carefully reviewing the inspection report and combining the condition of the deceased before his death, Liu Longqing boldly proposed that the injury behavior of his son Zhou was not the direct cause of his father’s death.

　　He further explained that the deceased had a 4cm frustration laceration on the forehead. The original identification thought that the deceased died of severe craniocerebral injury. After examination, it was found that there was no fracture in the skull and skull base, no bleeding in the epidural, subdural and subarachnoid space, and no injury and bleeding in the brain and brain stem. Therefore, it was considered that there was insufficient basis for the death of craniocerebral injury. Combined with Zhou’s severe coronary heart disease before his death, he suggested that he died of a heart attack caused by emotional excitement and forehead trauma (minor injuries) after a fierce quarrel with his son.

　　"Human life, forensic examination of the body, is actually a dialogue between the living and the dead. What the body tells you, the forensic doctor will pass it on to the judicial personnel through the expert opinion. The process of identification is not that the forensic doctor is talking, but that the body is talking. If forensic doctors can’t maintain their independence and scientificity, but succumb to public opinion or agree with empiricism, it is not only an embarrassment to the profession, but also a trampling on judicial justice. " Liu Longqing said.

　　Finally, according to Liu Longqing’s appraisal opinion, the court of first instance sentenced his son Zhou to three years’ imprisonment for intentional injury causing minor injuries. The murder case that caused a lot of noise together was handled impartially because of Liu Longqing’s meticulous review.

　　Sudden death in interrogation room

　　In fact, it is not "complicated"

　　Jin Yankui of the Technical Information Research Center of the Supreme People’s Procuratorate has been a forensic doctor for 18 years. Most of the casualties he intervened in occurred in the supervision places, among which there were many cases of conflicts between prisoners or deaths caused by their own diseases. He said, after all, there are fewer people extorting confessions by torture now, unlike when management was not standardized in earlier years.

　　However, casualties in prisons or detention centers are easy to arouse suspicion from the outside world, so they, as professional forensic doctors in legal supervision departments, will intervene in the appraisal at the first time. "The prison administration said that the prisoner died of illness, but most of the family members did not recognize it, saying that it was healthy when he entered. You said it was illness, I don’t believe it. This requires us to inspect the forensic identification of how to die. "

　　Three years ago, a suspect died in a police detention room in a city in Hebei Province. The party was a female employee of a company, who claimed that she could get the land at a cheap price. Someone gave her more than 200,000 yuan, but after waiting for a long time, she didn’t see her take the land, so she called the police. The public security police suspected that she had committed fraud and took her to the detention room. She was interrogated from 8 pm to 11 pm. I had to take photos at the end of the interrogation, but I didn’t expect her to suddenly fall to the ground (there was a monitoring display).

　　No one hit her, how could she suddenly fall to the ground? What’s the problem? The police were in a hurry and quickly moved her to the soft sofa in the opposite room (but there was no monitoring in this room) and let her lie down for a while. A few minutes later, the suspect died.

　　Sick of death? Was tortured to death? In order to find out the cause of death of the suspect, the local prosecutor later entrusted the forensic identification of the Supreme Inspection Technology Center. Jin Yankui participated in the autopsy all the time, and he concluded that the deceased died of pulmonary embolism. "She is not too old, about 40 years old, but she is very fat and has high blood lipids. Sitting for a long time leads to venous thrombosis in the lower limbs and enters the pulmonary artery, causing blockage."

　　Yan Yankui introduced that once pulmonary embolism occurs, it can cause death in a few minutes. In fact, the police officers who questioned her had already called 120 emergency calls, but it was too late when 120 came. It was particularly difficult to rescue this disease, and the survival rate was about 50%.

　　"Can’t this kind of identification be done by the public security forensic doctor himself?"

　　"Technically, can do it. But in terms of identity, they can’t. Why? As a party, the public security organ makes its own appraisal. How can ordinary people take it? As a legal supervision department, procuratorial organs are also involved in cases. "

　　Jin Yankui said that many sudden deaths in supervision places are related to pulmonary artery thrombosis.

　　A similar case occurred in a prison a few years ago, and Jin Yankui participated in the autopsy. After he and his colleagues dissected the body, they found that all organs of the deceased were not sick, and the conclusion was also pulmonary embolism.

　　piercing eye

　　Dig up false medical records

　　Technical evidence review is the main work of forensic doctors in the procuratorate, which improves the quality of cases again and again in the process of examining and analyzing doubts. Lv Pin, a forensic doctor of Tangshan Procuratorate, Hebei Province, once encountered a medical record fraud case.

　　Zhang was injured in the head with a beer bottle and bit his left thumb. He went to several hospitals successively, and was mainly diagnosed as an open fracture of the left thumb, a traumatic crown fracture of the second right tooth and a traumatic loss of the third right tooth. The forensic doctor of the local public security organ asked the experts of stomatology and hand surgery for consultation, and issued an appraisal opinion on minor injuries. Ren refused to accept this appraisal, petitioned many times and asked for re-appraisal. An appraisal institute in Beijing issued a minor injury appraisal opinion based on Zhang’s absence of the third right upper tooth, crown fracture of the second right upper tooth and dysfunction of the left thumb. The public security organ accepted this opinion, took compulsory measures of criminal detention against Ren, and requested approval for arrest.

　　After the procuratorate approved the arrest, Ren’s family refused to accept it and kept petitioning. When the case entered the stage of review and prosecution, the Public Prosecution Division entrusted the Tangshan Procuratorate to review the technical evidence of Zhang’s injury and make a composite appraisal if necessary.

　　After accepting the case, Lv Pin carefully examined the outpatient and inpatient medical records and criminal investigation files submitted for trial, and asked the case-handling department to retrieve Zhang’s left hand X-ray film, dental film and injury photos the next day after the injury. The results showed that Zhang’s injury photos showed that Zhang’s upper lip was not damaged, and the third tooth in the upper right was missing, but the alveolar fossa was flat, which was inconsistent with the rehabilitation characteristics of "blood clot in alveolar fossa" recorded in outpatient medical records. Moreover, the dental reading film showed that there was no alveolar fossa in the third tooth in the upper right, and the alveolar bone was absorbed. According to the above situation, the third tooth on Zhang’s upper right should fall off before injury.

　　In order to further find out the truth, Lv Pin, after communicating with the Public Prosecution Section of the local procuratorate, decided to investigate Yang, a stomatologist in a hospital, and recheck the function of Zhang’s left thumb.

　　In the face of Lv Pin’s professional inquiry and a large amount of evidence, doctor Yang admitted that he had forged the outpatient medical records of stomatology after accepting Zhang’s benefits. This made the investigators of the public security organs particularly surprised, because when Ren petitioned, they also conducted many investigations on Yang, all of which were fruitless.

　　Later, Lv Pin examined the function of the victim Zhang’s left thumb, and found that the distal segment of his left thumb healed well, and the movement of his left thumb was OK. Finally, according to Zhang’s injury, Lv Pin issued a minor injury appraisal opinion, and the procuratorate made a decision not to prosecute Ren according to law. The doctor Yang and the victim Zhang were sentenced for perjury and false accusation respectively.

　　medical tangle

　　Can be "clarified" by identification.

　　In recent years, medical disputes are increasing day by day, and the relationship between doctors and patients is becoming increasingly tense. In order to deal with patient complaints and medical disputes, health departments, hospitals and related medical staff have spent a lot of time and energy. However, for a long time, due to the limited identification technology, it was difficult to find out the cause of the accident. In order to resolve the contradiction as soon as possible, the mediation result was often compensated by the hospital. Over time, the embarrassing situation of "making a big fuss and making a small loss" was formed. On the one hand, it increases the economic burden of medical units and the psychological pressure of medical staff, and reduces the reputation and image of medical units and medical staff in society. On the other hand, the mutual compromise between doctors and patients sometimes leads to the failure to effectively protect the interests of patients.

　　How to turn this "confused account" of medical disputes into a clear account? Liu Longqing introduced that the technical center of the Procuratorate of Zhangzhou City, Fujian Province, where he is located, extended its business to the identification of injuries in medical disputes very early.

　　The cause was an "illegal medical practice case". At that time, a lying-in woman fell down because of breast abscess acupuncture, and was taken to the hospital for emergency treatment. Three days later, the lying-in woman died after being rescued. Acupuncture practitioners are investigated for criminal responsibility for illegal medical practice, but is the hospital responsible? The patient is arguing with the hospital. Liu Longqing’s autopsy found that the whole pericardium of the deceased was full of blood, and the heart had a rupture, which was caused by pericardial tamponade. "From the patient’s physical examination data, the hospital should consider that it is caused by pericardial blockage."

　　Based on Liu Longqing’s appraisal conclusion, the hospital compensated the maternal family, and the dispute between the two sides subsided.

　　The handling of the case made Liu Longqing realize that establishing a perfect and smooth medical appraisal system is the key to resolving the contradiction between doctors and patients. The local health bureau decided to invite Liu Longqing to join the medical dispute mediation Committee as an expert. Liu Longqing agreed without hesitation. Of course, he knows that this is a "hot potato". If it is not handled well, he may be involved in contradictions, but he knows better that many people will benefit from rebuilding a harmonious doctor-patient relationship and safeguarding the interests of doctors and patients and the order of medical services.

　　Use evidence and logic to draw conclusions, avoid being interfered by public opinion, prejudice and power, remove false images from complicated appearances and find the truth. This is the direction and goal that prosecutors and forensic doctors all over the country have been striving for.

　　"Forensic work is like a one-man show without applause. At the time of judicial reform, we still cling to procuratorial technology." Fourteen years later, when she mentioned the original "career change", Shang Yanjun said that she still had no regrets.

Newcomers in the workplace, do you know enough about social security? Come and see the social security Q&A brought by the Municipal People’s Social Security Bureau.

Xiaochun, who just graduated from college this year, joined a convention and exhibition company last month as a designer. Listening to the seniors who have been working for many years, entering the workplace is completely different from the previous campus life. You should not only work hard to make money, but also pay attention to your social security and provident fund rights. Then, which types of insurance are specifically paid for social security?

After understanding the composition of social security, Xiaochun asked: If she leaves her job in the future, what should she do with social security?

After learning the information about social security payment after leaving the company, Xiaochun wants to know whether she can pay social security herself if she wants to quit her job and do odd jobs temporarily one day.

After learning a lot about social security, Xiaochun’s last question: Can social security be transferred in different places?