Striving for a new journey, making contributions to a new era, great changes, green, clear, accessible and rich —— The Nirvana of Wujiang River

　　Xinhua News Agency, Guiyang, May 13th Title: Green, clear, accessible and rich — — "Nirvana" of Wujiang River

　　Xinhua News Agency reporters Li Qianyu and Zheng Minghong

　　Puke Village, Hezhang County, Bijie City, Guizhou Province, is located in the upper reaches of the Wujiang River, with an altitude of more than 2,300 meters, surrounded by mountains and a lush forest of 10,000 mu.

　　At the end of April, Bijie Forestry Bureau issued a forestry carbon ticket for puffin village. "With this forestry carbon ticket, the air purified by the 10,000-mu forest in our village will become a circulating asset in the future, and the people will have another way to increase their income." Wen Junfu, secretary of the Party branch of Haique Village, said.

　　More than 30 years ago, due to the harsh ecological environment in karst mountainous areas, the local area fell into the dilemma of "more reclamation and more reclamation", and the forest coverage rate was less than 5%. Since 1987, puffin village has planted trees on a large scale, and the former "Heshangpo" has now become a forest of 10,000 mu, with a forest coverage rate of 77%.

　　The cargo ship carrying phosphorus ore set off from Luowang River Wharf in Kaiyang Port Area of Guiyang City and sailed downstream along Wujiang Channel (photo taken on November 16, 2021). Xinhua News Agency reporter Tao Liang photo

　　Forestry carbon ticket is the certificate of the income right of forest carbon emission reduction, the "identity card" of forest carbon sequestration increment as asset transaction, and can be used as loan pledge to participate in carbon ticket storage, transaction and financing.

　　This forestry carbon ticket in Haique Village covers an area of 7,346.5 mu of forest land, and the carbon emission reduction monitored from 2016 to 2020 is 34,627.7 tons. According to the average unit price of 30 yuan/ton, which is relatively low in recent years, this carbon ticket is expected to realize carbon trading value of about 1.04 million yuan.

　　Features of Puke Village in Hezhen Township, Hezhang County, Bijie City, Guizhou Province (photo taken on November 28, 2018, photo of drone). Xinhua News Agency reporter Tao Liang photo

　　The ecological management of puffin village is a microcosm of ecological restoration in Wujiang River Basin.

　　Wujiang River is the mother river of Guizhou and the largest tributary of the south bank of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. Wujiang river basin bears more than half of the population and economic aggregate of Guizhou province. A few years ago, due to ecological fragility and outstanding environmental protection problems, Wujiang once sounded an ecological alarm. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, Guizhou has grasped the construction of ecological civilization with unprecedented efforts, promoted the ecological restoration of the Wujiang River Basin, and the Wujiang River ushered in nirvana rebirth.

　　Wujiang river basin has a phosphorus chemical production base rich in phosphate rock resources. It is difficult to control phosphorus in Wujiang River.

　　"The river suddenly turned white, and my hands were still greasy." People in wujiang town, Bozhou District, Zunyi City once told reporters that when the pollution was serious, the whole river surface of wujiang town River was dyed "rice soup color" by sewage.

　　Through investigation, it was found that the pollution originated from a karst spring named No.34 Spring Eye in wujiang town. The total phosphorus and fluoride in the vicinity of the spring eye exceeded the standard by hundreds of times, and all the sections in Zunyi downstream of the spring eye were inferior to Grade 5. The source of pollution is phosphogypsum produced by Guizhou Phosphate Group, which is 16 kilometers away from the spring. Phosphorus-containing sewage produced by phosphogypsum leaks underground and flows into Wujiang River from No.34 spring through the underground water system.

　　As the first batch of national ecological civilization experimental zones, Guizhou has overcome difficulties by means of "iron fist pollution control", and the pollution control of No.34 spring is listed as the "No.1 Project" for environmental pollution control in Guizhou Province. Wang Mei, environmental protection director of the Safety and Environmental Protection Department of Guizhou Phosphating Group, said that in order to solve the pollution problem, the enterprise built the third-phase sewage treatment facility at the outlet of the spring, and the whole system was turned on during the flood season, which can realize the collection, treatment and standard discharge of 15,000 cubic meters/hour of spring water, and the enterprise invested 1.1 billion yuan in environmental protection treatment.

　　Features of Puke Village in Hezhen Township, Hezhang County, Bijie City, Guizhou Province (photo taken on November 28, 2018, photo of drone). Xinhua News Agency reporter Tao Liang photo

　　In order to solve the problem of excessive total phosphorus in Wujiang River, Guizhou adheres to the management idea of "treating both the symptoms and root causes, giving priority to the source and covering the bottom at the end", highlights rigid measures in the regulation of "three phosphorus" in phosphate rock, phosphorus chemical industry and phosphogypsum storage, and fundamentally solves the phosphorus pollution problem in Wujiang River by implementing a package of pollution prevention measures. According to the data released by the Department of Ecology and Environment of Guizhou Province, in 2021, the water quality of the main stream of Wujiang River reached Class II standard, and the overall water quality of the basin was "excellent", and the excellent rate of 45 state-controlled water quality monitoring sections reached 100%.

　　The gratifying changes don’t stop there.

　　Wujiang River has been the main shipping route of Guizhou Unicom since ancient times. After 2003, due to the construction of several cascade hydropower stations and the lack of synchronous navigation facilities, the waterway of Wujiang River was blocked. In order to build a "golden waterway", Guizhou has incorporated the construction of Wujiang waterway into the overall deployment of traffic construction.

　　The navigation project of Goupitan Hydropower Station, which was put into trial operation in June 2021, is regarded as the key to Guizhou’s Tongjiang River reaching the sea. The head difference of Goupitan navigation is 199 meters, and it is operated by a three-stage vertical ship lift. All ships have to take the "water elevator" when passing through the Wujiang Goupitan Hydropower Station, showing the wonder of "water hanging in the air and ships traveling in the sky".

　　In recent years, the large ship lifts of Goupitan, Silin and Shatuo power stations have been put into operation one after another, and the Wujiang waterway has been fully connected. In November, 2021, the Kaiyang Port Area of Guiyang Port made its maiden voyage to the Yangtze River, and 14 cargo ships carried 6,800 tons of phosphate rock, departing from Kaiyang Port Area of Guiyang Port and heading for Fuling, Chongqing. This marks the large-scale resumption of the "Golden Waterway" of Wujiang River, and the 500-ton ship can reach the Yangtze River directly.

　　The cargo ship carrying phosphorus ore departs from Luowang River Wharf in Kaiyang Port Area of Guiyang City (photo taken on November 16, 2021, photo of drone). Xinhua News Agency reporter Tao Liang photo

　　"We have signed contracts for 200,000 tons of cement transportation and 300,000 tons of ore transportation, and the freight demand is large." Shen Bo, head of Zunyi yuqing county Pilot Shipping Co., Ltd., said that the company bought five 500-ton cargo ships last year and plans to build 10 new ships to meet the demand for transportation capacity.

　　Sinan County in the lower reaches of Wujiang River, Guizhou Sinan Shipyard, which has been depressed for many years, is recovering, and it is a busy scene. Zhang Zhenqiang, the head of the shipyard, told the reporter that after the resumption of navigation in Wujiang last year, the shipyard received a batch of "big orders" for the manufacture of passenger ships and 500-ton cargo ships from Wujiang Shipping Company, and everyone’s confidence doubled and their enthusiasm was full.

　　"The comprehensive recovery of Guizhou’s water transport will be promising." Han Jianbo, deputy director of the Guizhou Provincial Department of Transportation, said that the opening of the "Golden Waterway" in Wujiang not only opened up a new channel for "Guizhou goods coming out of the mountain", but also promoted the development of the shipbuilding industry, which will also promote the prosperity of the industry and provide new employment opportunities for the coastal people.

　　The 500-ton standard ship sailed through the middle channel of the navigation project of Goupitan Hydropower Station in Zunyi City to the second-stage carrier (photo taken on June 22, 2021, photo of drone). Xinhua News Agency reporter Tao Liang photo

　　The 500-ton standard ship sailed to the upstream first-class carrier through the middle channel of the navigation project of Goupitan Hydropower Station in Zunyi City (photo taken on June 22, 2021, photo of drone). Xinhua News Agency reporter Tao Liang photo

　　The cargo ship carrying phosphorus ore sailed downstream along the Wujiang waterway and passed by the river flash ferry pier in Shiqian county (photo taken on November 18, 2021, photo of drone). Xinhua News Agency reporter Tao Liang photo

　　The cargo ship carrying phosphorus ore sailed downstream along the Wujiang waterway (photo taken on November 18, 2021, photo of drone). Xinhua News Agency reporter Tao Liang photo