The Beijing Municipal Health and Health Commission, the Municipal Education Commission and the Municipal People’s Social Security Bureau jointly released the work plan for influenza vaccination in Beijing in 2022. The influenza vaccination work in this city will be implemented in batches in mid-September, and the free vaccination work is initially scheduled to end at the end of November.

　　Free influenza vaccination population is — —

　　Older people over the age of 60 with the city’s resident ID card/social security card;

　　All primary and secondary school students (including domestic and foreign students in primary schools, general middle schools, technical secondary schools, vocational high schools, technical colleges, reform schools and special education schools);

　　Emergency support personnel for major activities identified by the health administrative departments of all districts (including frontline personnel for epidemic prevention and control in COVID-19).

　　Routine immunization clinics in all districts are responsible for providing self-funded and free influenza vaccination services, and actively organizing qualified medical institutions and medical personnel within their respective jurisdictions to provide self-funded influenza vaccination services. In areas with large vaccination needs, at least one qualified secondary and above medical institution should be organized to provide vaccination services during this year’s influenza vaccination. Choose suitable places in each district to set up temporary inoculation points reasonably, and when necessary, open temporary inoculation points of COVID-19 vaccine to meet the population’s centralized inoculation demand. Each district should take various measures to further improve the vaccination service capacity in its jurisdiction, such as setting up district-level mobile vaccination teams, extending the vaccination time of vaccination clinics, setting up weekend clinics, and encouraging physical examination centers to set up vaccination clinics.

　　In 2022, the city will further promote the influenza vaccine appointment vaccination system under the situation of epidemic prevention and control in COVID-19. Each district is responsible for organizing primary and secondary schools, secondary specialized schools, technical colleges, old-age care institutions, villages/neighborhood committees and other units under the guidance of the district CDC to make an appointment and docking with the vaccination clinics in the jurisdiction for free vaccination. Citizens who are willing to vaccinate can make an appointment at the vaccination clinic through various appointment methods such as internet, telephone and on-site appointment.

　　The first batch of vaccination work is scheduled to start in mid-September, mainly for the elderly aged 60 and above in Beijing, and the vaccination publicity and mobilization of students in primary and secondary schools, secondary specialized schools and technical colleges will be started simultaneously.The second batch is scheduled to start in late September, mainly for students in primary and secondary schools, secondary specialized schools and technical colleges, and simultaneously start the self-funded vaccination of influenza vaccine in the city. The third batch is scheduled to start in early October, mainly for emergency support personnel of major events (including front-line personnel of epidemic prevention and control in COVID-19). If there is no special reason, the free vaccination of influenza vaccine in the city is initially scheduled to end at the end of November.

　　All vaccination clinics should arrange the vaccination work of schools, old-age care institutions and other collective units in advance to avoid large-scale vaccination in concentrated periods. At the same time, do a good job in registering the demand for pneumococcal vaccination, arrange vaccination reasonably, and provide joint vaccination services for pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine and influenza vaccine for the elderly.

　　All vaccination clinics should strengthen vaccine management, standardize vaccination operations, strictly implement epidemic prevention and control measures such as daily ventilation and disinfection, temperature measurement, code test, negative nucleic acid test, and keeping a one-meter line at the vaccination site to ensure vaccination safety. At the same time, they should take various convenient service measures such as cold protection, rain protection and anti-skid, and do a good job in vaccination warm-hearted service and humanistic care for key groups such as the elderly and students, so as to further enhance the comfort and satisfaction of the citizens.

　　On May 24 this year, a newborn finless porpoise cub was separated from its mother and ran aground on the beach. Its fate touched the hearts of countless Nanjing people. But after 18 hours of emergency rescue, the "smiling angel" left us. "Even with artificial assistance, it is still difficult for cubs who leave their mothers to survive." Professor Yang Guang, Dean of the School of Life Sciences of Nanjing Normal University, told a cruel truth: the fate of this little finless porpoise may have been doomed. He believes that the only way to avoid the recurrence of the tragedy is to improve the ecological environment of the Yangtze River in all aspects, one of which is to restore the bait resources and prevent the finless porpoise from starving.

　　Yesterday morning in Nanjing Jiangbin Park, all the 1 million fry subscribed by deji plaza were put into the Yangtze River. The reporter learned that this is the first time in China that an enterprise has initiated a release activity for the protection of finless porpoises.

　　Intern Xu Linchen Yangzi Evening News All-Media Reporter Zhang Ke

　　A rescue that was doomed from the beginning.

　　The latest hot event about the finless porpoise was the "beaching incident of finless porpoise cubs" in Nanjing at the end of last month. This little finless porpoise was found by the public on the river beach of Yanziji Wharf at 4 pm that day. It was born about two or three days ago, but it hasn’t opened its eyes yet, and its breath is weak. At that time, the people involved in the rescue contacted the experts of Nanjing Underwater World, and on the other hand, the water police drove speedboats to patrol the river to find the trace of the female finless porpoise. "The finless porpoise is a mammal, and the newborn calf must be with its mother. This little finless porpoise must have been separated from its mother when it appeared alone, and the mother finless porpoise is likely to come back to find the child." Jiang Meng, secretary-general of the Nanjing finless porpoise protection association who participated in the rescue at that time, said.

　　Until 8 o’clock in the evening, the female finless porpoise was still not found, and the little finless porpoise was forced to transfer to the underwater world for treatment. Regrettably, at 10 o’clock the next morning, the little finless porpoise died unfortunately before he opened his eyes to see the world. At that time, Jiang Meng waited all night in the underwater world and witnessed the whole process. He told the Yangzi Evening News reporter that the finless porpoise was once in good condition and could eat and breathe with artificial assistance. "But in the end, it was short of breath and emotional anxiety, and experts took various emergency measures. All have no effect." Jiang Meng said.

　　The finless porpoise is a clever but fragile creature. Its intelligence is close to that of gorillas, and it knows how to hunt and prey collectively. However, the underage or newborn finless porpoise has almost no ability to live independently. Professor Yang Guang, dean of the School of Life Sciences of Nanjing Normal University, told the Yangzi Evening News reporter that the cub can’t eat and prey independently without its mother, and it must rely on breast milk for nutrition. "About half a year after birth, cubs can learn to live independently."

　　The Yangzi Evening News reporter learned that the adult finless porpoise had survived under artificial rescue, but the cubs have not been successfully rescued so far. "The finless porpoise is too sensitive to the outside world. The artificial environment is different from nature, which will make it nervous. If the tension continues, it will lead to endocrine disorders and illness, which is fatal to the cubs." Professor Yang Guang said.

　　What caused the little finless porpoise to be separated from its mother? "It may be a sudden encounter with a jet stream or an undercurrent, or it may be a human activity such as a ship sailing, a sudden whistle or a sudden increase in the sound of a motor, which may cause fright." Professor Yang Guang believes that the impact of human activities on the ecology of the Yangtze River is really interfering with the normal life and reproduction of finless porpoises.

　　Finless porpoises at the top of the food chain but not enough to eat.

　　Jiang Meng, secretary-general of Nanjing finless porpoise protection association, often observes finless porpoises on the upper and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Bridge, and organizes volunteers to assist fishery administration departments to release finless porpoises’ food such as fry and bait into the Yangtze River. "Many times when feeding, we found that the finless porpoise soon emerged on the nearby river." The water of finless porpoise is called "Jiang Zhu worships the wind", which was once a unique scenery on the Yangtze River. Today, however, there is something bitter behind such a scene. He believes that the gathering and appearance of finless porpoises during feeding, on the one hand, shows that finless porpoises are very smart creatures, on the other hand, also shows that finless porpoises are starving and very hungry for food. Jiang Meng once paid attention to the records of finless porpoises found in recent years. He found that "finless porpoises were originally round and chubby, but many bodies were salvaged and found to be very thin, and after dissection, they found that their stomachs were empty."

　　Relevant data show that the natural catch of fisheries in the Yangtze River is decreasing year by year, from 540,000 tons in 1954 to 70,000 tons in 2012. There are 175 endemic species in the Yangtze River, and more than half of them have been lost in the past five years. The long-term monitoring data of many scientific research institutions, such as the Institute of Aquatic Sciences of Chinese Academy of Sciences, show that the number of fry of the "four big fish" in the Yangtze River has dropped sharply, from more than 30 billion in the 1950s to less than 100 million in 2013.

　　The reporter learned that in 2016, the closed fishing period of the Nanjing section of the Yangtze River was adjusted from March 1 to June 30, and it was extended from the past three months to four months. This move was to strengthen the protection of finless porpoises and other aquatic organisms in the Yangtze River. However, before the effective intervention of government departments, the phenomenon of cool fishing and overfishing in the Yangtze River was more serious. Illegal fishing activities such as fish frying, electric fishing, "ecstasy" and homeless nets are draining the fishery resources in the Yangtze River.

　　"finless porpoises have no natural enemies in the Yangtze River. They can be said to be creatures at the top of the food chain. They are not very picky eaters, as long as they are fish within 20 cm in length. However, due to the exhaustion of fisheries in the Yangtze River, finless porpoises are in a state of starvation. " Professor Yang Guang said that in addition to accidental incidents such as accidental injuries caused by ship navigation and water pollution, the continuous decrease in the number of finless porpoises is ultimately caused by insufficient food resources.

　　Deji plaza subscribed for 1 million fry to demonstrate scientific "release"

　　Yesterday morning, at the Virescence Expo Aquatic Release Platform, deji plaza held the activity of "Yangtze River Aquatic Proliferation and Release". One million fry subscribed by deji plaza were all put into the Yangtze River. The Yangzi Evening News reporter learned that this is the first proliferation and release activity initiated by social forces in China for the protection of finless porpoises. Deji plaza made a scientific demonstration under the guidance of Nanjing Fishery Administration and Fishing Port Supervision and Management Office and Nanjing finless porpoise Protection Association.

　　The so-called "proliferation and release" is the activity of releasing aquatic species or their parents into public waters such as oceans, rivers and lakes by artificial means. Proliferation and release can replenish and restore the population of biological resources, improve the population structure of organisms, and help maintain biodiversity and protect endangered species. According to statistics, in the past three years, Jiangsu has invested 230 million yuan in proliferation and release. In 2015, the province invested more than 79 million yuan, releasing more than 2.1 billion species, including 815 million marine economic species, 1.281 billion inland economic species and 8.48 million rare and endangered species.

　　The subscription of Deji this time includes the fry of four major fishes in the Yangtze River (black carp, grass carp, silver carp and bighead carp) and the national second-class protected wild animal Myxocyprinus asiaticus. The Yangzi Evening News reporter saw at the scene that the fry were transported to the scene by special transport vehicles from the cultivation base cooked in Jiangning Lake. According to the breeder, these fry were specially bred for this proliferation and release, and cold oxygen transportation was used on the way to fully ensure their survival rate. Under the guidance of the staff of Nanjing Fishery Administration and Fishing Port Supervision and Management Office, the volunteers from deji plaza carefully dumped the fry, and along the long discharge embankment, countless fry swam across the slope and merged into the waves by the river. Fish fry are like countless black lines. As soon as they touch the water, they instantly swim away and go to the middle reaches of the river.

　　The release activity was sponsored by deji plaza and Nanjing finless porpoise protection association. Jia Wei, deputy general manager of deji plaza, introduced the original intention of choosing the theme of "Saving Endangered Animals" on the occasion of the 10th anniversary. "The Yangtze finless porpoise is one of the closest endangered animals to us. We hope that through the release of the Yangtze River and the efforts of all sectors of society, more people will pay attention to the living conditions and protect the finless porpoise. To contribute to the protection of the Yangtze finless porpoise, improve the water quality of the Yangtze River and protect the biodiversity of the mother river. " Jia Wei said.

　　Professor Yang Guang told reporters that finless porpoises mainly eat all kinds of fish in the Yangtze River, and they have no choice about the types of fish they eat, mainly depending on their size. "You don’t see it has teeth, but its teeth can only bite, not like people’s teeth have the ability to chew, so it eats fish, and generally fish within 20 cm can be eaten. "Therefore, the fry released this time, on the one hand, are four local fish, which enriches the fishery resources of the Yangtze River, on the other hand, it is also very suitable for finless porpoises to eat."

　　So which fish or aquatic animals are suitable for release? At the scene, the fishery department also listed a list. Freshwater fish include: herring, grass carp, silver carp, bighead carp, bream, Eriocheir sinensis, fugu obscurus and other indigenous species with regional characteristics; Marine fish include: Pseudosciaena crocea, jellyfish, Cynoglossus semilaevis, swimming crab, prawn, Sole Sole, Meretrix meretrix, Sparus macrocephalus, etc. Rare and endangered aquatic animals: Chinese sturgeon, mullet, etc.

　　Expert reminder > >

　　Don’t throw these creatures into the Yangtze River again.

　　"When volunteers of our association patrol the river, they often see citizens who spontaneously organize release activities in the river or along the Yangtze River." Jiang Meng told the Yangzi Evening News reporter that because the public does not know much about species knowledge, in many cases, the released species can not only improve the ecology and enrich fishery resources, but also cause damage. He listed the three most common creatures that were released by the people.

　　Crocodile turtle: It is huge, up to 70 cm long. In the folk concept, releasing such a large turtle is a matter of "accumulating merits" and is favored by domestic enthusiasts. But in fact, the snapping turtle has nothing to do with compassion. It is extremely aggressive and has few natural enemies except alligators. "The most important thing is that the snapping turtle originated in the southeastern United States. If it is put into the Yangtze River, it will become a veritable intruder. Once it enters the Yangtze River, it will become a’ overlord’ and will take away the already scarce food source of the finless porpoise." Jiang Meng said.

　　Snakehead: It is what we often call "mullet". Unlike snapping turtles, snakehead is a common local fish, which is distributed in all major river systems in China. It is also a delicious food on the table of the citizens and can be easily bought in the food market. "But what people often overlook is that snakehead is fierce, fertile and has a huge appetite, and can often eat all other fish in a lake or pond." Jiang Meng told reporters that because finless porpoises are at a disadvantage in quantity, they are unable to compete with snakehead, the "king of big stomachs", for limited bait resources.

　　Brazilian tortoise: The most widely reared reptile in the world, but it is also listed as one of the most dangerous invasive species in the world because it plunders a lot of living resources. In China, many pet markets can see Brazilian tortoises on sale. Jiang Meng appealed that if citizens keep Brazilian tortoises for viewing, they should not be released into the wild or in the river. "Once they reach a brand-new ecological environment without a sufficient number of natural enemies, they will become a scourge and become an ecological disaster there." Jiang Meng said.

　　Nanjing will launch the first "census" of finless porpoises this summer.

　　At present, how many finless porpoises are there in Nanjing section of the Yangtze River? The statistics of the fishery administration department are "twenty or thirty", but there is no more accurate standard answer. Liu Jun, deputy director of Nanjing Fishery and Fishing Port Supervision and Management Office, told Yangzi Evening News reporter at the site of the proliferation and release activities held in deji plaza yesterday that this summer, the fishery administration department will launch the first "population census" of the Yangtze River finless porpoise in Nanjing, the top university in the United Nations for finless porpoise protection.

　　The Yangzi Evening News reporter learned that the latest data about the Yangtze finless porpoise still comes from the 2012 Yangtze River Freshwater Dolphin Investigation Report. At that time, the population of Yangtze finless porpoises was about 1040, less than half of that before 2006, less than that of giant pandas, and showed an accelerated downward trend. However, the details about the finless porpoise in Nanjing section are still vague. Liu Jun introduced that in this survey, besides finding out the latest accurate data, we should also find out the "destructive factors" that affect the normal reproduction of finless porpoises, so as to provide scientific basis for future artificial protection. "The special funds for the current investigation have been approved and will be launched after the parties are properly prepared."

　　Professor Yang Guang from Nanjing Normal University introduced that on October 9, 2014, Nanjing Yangtze finless porpoise nature reserve was established, covering 90% of the waters of Nanjing Yangtze River. He believes that it is essential to further strengthen the protection of Nanjing finless porpoise population and conduct a systematic scientific investigation. "The original data of 20 to 30 finless porpoises are very vague. As a provincial protected area, how many finless porpoises are there in this place, what are the activities of finless porpoises, and what changes have been made in the range of activities in spring and summer? Mastering some basic information of finless porpoises is the premise for us to effectively protect finless porpoises."

　　Expert opinion > >

　　Nanjing should also establish a "finless porpoise protection base"

　　The finless porpoise is the flagship species of the Yangtze River ecosystem, and it is also an indicator species of biodiversity and ecosystem health in the Yangtze River. The survival crisis of the finless porpoise itself is like a wake-up call, warning the deterioration of the entire Yangtze River ecosystem. Professor Yang Guang believes that from the perspective of long-term protection of finless porpoises, Nanjing should refer to the model of "giant panda breeding base" and establish a "finless porpoise protection base". "Since there is such a finless porpoise population in Nanjing, if we want to better carry out protection and rescue work, we can consider establishing a finless porpoise protection center. At the beginning, we can use the resources and facilities of the underwater world to help the finless porpoise, but in the future, we need to set up a special finless porpoise protection center. " Professor Yang said that after the investigation, with scientific consideration and demonstration, the finless porpoise can be better protected through protection, rescue and artificial breeding.

　　Deji celebrates its 10th anniversary.

　　Give the stage to the endangered animals around you

　　Jia Wei, deputy general manager of deji plaza, introduced that deji plaza will celebrate its 10th anniversary on June 26th this year. As a shopping center with humanistic care, deji plaza takes "saving endangered animals" as its theme, hoping to arouse Nanjing citizens’ concern for the environment. Yangzi Evening News reporter learned that in addition to subscribing for breeding, breeding and releasing, around the 10th anniversary, deji plaza also held a series of themed activities to protect finless porpoises and endangered animals.

　　The largest finless porpoise sculpture in Nanjing was exhibited on the first floor of deji plaza.

　　The 10th anniversary of deji plaza, with the theme of "Saving Endangered Animals", presented a series of themed activities. Among them, the artistic sculpture of finless porpoise named "Watch and Smile" is the most thought-provoking. The finless porpoise in the sculpture is smiling, but there are sad tears in his eyes. In the list of "Saving Endangered Animals" in the 10th anniversary of deji plaza, the Yangtze finless porpoise is an endangered animal living around us. This finless porpoise sculpture art exhibition is also to arouse more people’s awareness of caring for and protecting finless porpoises through more shocking art forms.

　　The overall size of the work is 10 meters ×3.8 meters, which is nearly seven times the size of the real finless porpoise, showing its process from beginning to end, from real to virtual until it disappears, just like a sketch drawn by a pen that is about to break ink, and finally disappears into a line. After the neck of the finless porpoise, there are a lot of mottled plastic marks, just like the wounds on the finless porpoise, which are shocking; The rising tail is made of more than 2,000 meters of steel bars, which gradually becomes sparse backwards until the lines disappear in the air, symbolizing the process of the disappearance and extinction of the finless porpoise.

　　On the 10th anniversary of deji plaza, the joint artists jointly presented the artistic sculpture of "Watching and Smiling" finless porpoise, which showed the status quo of the gradual disappearance of "smiling angel" finless porpoise with powerful artistic expression. Deji plaza said that through such soul-shaking works of art and theme activities, he hoped that more people could reflect on their indifference to nature and life, and called on more people to cry out from the bottom of their hearts: protect these "angels" who bring smiles to the world, coexist with every equal life and share the warmth from this world.

　　The "Noah’s Ark" came to Deji Outdoor Square to show all kinds of endangered animals.

　　At the same time, a huge boat-shaped device-"Noah’s Ark" also appeared in deji plaza Outdoor Square. This huge "Noah’s Ark" covers an area of about 600 square meters and has a double hull structure, with a total length of about 40 meters, a width of about 18 meters and a height of about 8 meters. In terms of material application, the hull uses a lot of wood grain plates, which truly restores the effect of wood grain hull and people’s original modeling imagination of Noah’s Ark. There are more than 1100 meters of steel and more than 1800 square meters of wood in the cabin, which makes it more in line with the hull structure and more integrated.

　　"Ark" has a video viewing and experience space of 150 square meters. Through 10 sets of world-class projection and audio equipment and the overall super-large screen in the cabin, the public welfare propaganda film for saving endangered animals is broadcast, bringing an immersive audio-visual experience to the audience. On the deck at the top of the Ark, highly restored models of dozens of endangered animals, such as Asian elephants, mountain zebras, polar bears, South China tigers and elk, were also exhibited.

　　Guarding the Yangtze River Beach and Opening the "Popular Science Lecture Hall for Endangered Animals"

　　Deji plaza has also launched a large-scale public welfare environmental protection activity along the Yangtze River "Yangtze River Beauty Plan", recruiting volunteers to go to the beaches along the Yangtze River to collect and sort garbage, contributing to changing the environmental status of the mother river and improving the living environment of the Yangtze finless porpoise. Up to now, four activities have been held. Volunteers, mainly parents and children, went to Qiaobei River Beach, Daqiao Park and Yanziji River Beach in Muyan Scenic Area to carry out activities such as garbage collection and biological knowledge popularization. Deji plaza hopes that the accumulated collection can create a clean home for the finless porpoise.

　　In addition, during the 10th anniversary celebration, deji plaza will carefully select ten premium charity gift packages, each of which contains single items provided by several brands, and the amount of gift packages ranges from 6,000 yuan to 35,000 yuan. All the proceeds from the sales will be donated to the Nanjing finless porpoise protection association for the Yangtze finless porpoise protection project.

　　Recently, deji plaza will also open a special "Popular Science Lecture Hall for Endangered Animals", which will be built into a classroom for children by opening up a space in the square. Experts from Nanjing finless porpoise protection association will come to the scene to explain the knowledge about endangered animals to children. Join the live interactive session to make the class more rich and interesting.

　　What kind of music will the world hear at the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games? Is it rock music that stirs Guo Jingjing’s diving sound, Yao Ming’s dribbling sound and Liu Xiang’s starting rhythm? Or the Shaolin Zen music of Zhong Mingshan Forest and Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon? Or the mysterious music of a village tribe in China?

　　Tan Dun, an international musician who is famous for his innovation, always blends rich oriental charm with western pop elements.

　　This background undoubtedly made him a popular music planner for the opening ceremony of the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games. Recently, our reporter interviewed Tan Dun, who has just successfully completed the planning and creation of "Zen Shaolin Music Grand Ceremony", by email, hoping to give you an answer.

　　Tan Dun Music Creativity

　　How romantic it is to make music with the voice of athletes’ bodies. I have been touched myself, and I can also touch everyone in the world.

　　Bidding: Do you do physical exercise after work? What’s your favorite sport? Who is your favorite athlete?

　　Tan Dun: I insist on swimming every day after work, which is why I always try to have a swimming pool in my hotel when I am on a world tour. I like to brew melodies while swimming, so I often swim for half an hour without knowing it. Conceiving in water makes me feel immersed in the source of inspiration, because water is a symbol of hope and regeneration.

　　My favorite athletes are Guo Jingjing, Yao Ming and Liu Xiang. In my mind, all three of them are musicians, because I saw music and heard colors in their sports. The rhythm and intensity of their movements make me feel as if even the earth can be shocked and reversed. I’m doing research in this field recently, and I plan to turn Guo Jingjing’s diving sound, Yao Ming’s racket sound and Liu Xiang’s starting rhythm into rock music. I hope I can turn the athletes’ hard work and unparalleled shock into a very poetic music, which is the voice of their bodies and the rhythm of their hearts. How romantic it is to make music with their body sounds. I have been touched myself and I can touch everyone in the world.

　　Tan Dun Olympic Dream

　　I dream that Beijing Olympic Games is a world full of poetry, romance and love.

　　Competitive bidding: I heard that recently, IOC President Rogge watched the "Zen Shaolin Music Festival" created and planned by you at the Shaolin Temple in Songshan, the birthplace of Zen, and he excitedly raised your hands and said to all the audience and the media, "It’s so beautiful, this program deserves an Olympic gold medal! Composer Tan Dun should win the Olympic champion! " Is it true?/You don’t say.

　　Tan Dun: It’s true. We were all very excited at that time. This is the IOC’s great appreciation of Wushu and the traditional culture of China-Zen philosophy. Since I wrote Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon, I have been continuing my feelings, trying to bring China traditional sports-Wushu to a poetic and romantic realm through music. I dream that the Olympic Games in Beijing is also a world full of poetry, romance and love.

　　Tan Dun’s "Root" of Creation

　　Only new "creativity" can connect the contemporary world with the future China.

　　Competition: You once said that you hoped that orchestras all over the world could play your works to promote China culture and make China culture a big step forward in the 21st century. Is this an important part of your musical ideal?

　　Tan Dun: Yes.

　　My music is in sync with the world, which challenges my creation, and I must also try my best to bring surprises to the world. Can you imagine growing tea and making a tea ceremony in the desert? I just staged my new opera Tea in the desert of New Mexico. It’s so Zen. Everyone was drunk by China in the desert. I’m trying to attract a jade, which requires all art institutions at home and abroad to pay attention to the recognition of "China’s creative culture" and let the whole world know more about Chinese, so that we can have a dialogue with the world. Creativity is a bridge, and only new creativity can connect the contemporary world with the future China. Only in this way can people love a modern China.

　　Competitive newspaper: You said that China is the "root" of your creation. Is this an important reason why your music is widely praised in the world?

　　Tan Dun: This year, my new concept of "Organic Music and Green Rhythm" will be invited to tour 17 countries. The more praise the world gives me, the more I appreciate China culture. I feel that instead of praising me, I should be grateful for this magical land behind me. It is this fertile soil that gave me a golden key, which opened the doors of the metropolitan opera, the Vienna "Golden Music" Hall and the Berlin Philharmonic, the most famous art halls in the world. I believe that we can also use this "golden key" to open the holy door of the Olympic Games.

　　In your opinion, how will the opportunity of hosting the Olympic Games in Beijing promote the spread and promotion of China culture in the world?

　　Tan Dun: As I said, I have a golden key in my hand, which is a magic key made of special materials. It contains China’s profound philosophy, intelligent tradition and creative people, and I am proud to be a member of this group of people. As long as we never forget to excavate and inherit our traditional culture, we will always get inspiration and harvest from it. We must not neglect our own value, because this is precisely the reason why the whole world respects China, and it is also the capital for us to host the Olympic Games and participate in the Olympic culture.

　　Tan Dun Olympic Songs

　　A successful Olympic song, first of all, should be "mind-wandering", which is my advice to all Olympic song creators.

　　Bidding: Beijing is collecting Olympic songs. Is there an Olympic song that impresses you now? What advice do you have for the creators of the songs? What characteristics do you think a successful work should have?

　　Tan Dun: To be a successful Olympic song, we must first "take the heart" and be able to sing the heartfelt desire and passion. This is also my advice to all Olympic song creators (including myself). In addition to "mind-wandering", we should also "be innovative" and innovate a new skill, new structure and new language, pointing directly at people’s spiritual world. We should be international, ethnic and have the courage to innovate.

　　Bidding: Do you have any plans to create theme songs or other musical works for Beijing 2008 Olympic Games?

　　Tan Dun: Like all my colleagues who participated in the creation, I have exhausted my mind in the creation of Olympic music. Before that, I specially went to some cradles of China traditional culture to collect folk songs. The resources there inspired me. There, I heard the world’s expectations for China culture. Olympic songs are hymns written by God through our hands. This is the voice from heaven and the dream of harmony between heaven and earth.

　　Brief introduction of Tan Dun

　　Tan Dun, born in Hunan, was admitted to Beijing Central Conservatory of Music in 1978 and obtained a master’s degree in music. After going to the United States in 1986, he obtained a doctorate in music from Columbia University. Now living in new york.

　　Tan Dun’s major works include: Symphonic Drama Series, which includes five symphonic works. Among them, Tan Dun tried to bring China’s ancient witch culture into modern symphony performance; Organic music series, which integrates natural timbre into symphony, and its representative works include Water Music, Paper Music and Tao Le; Multimedia series, exploring audio-visual structure and creating new media across time and space and culture, with representative works such as Map.

　　Tan Dun, a composer and conductor famous for his innovation, is currently the music planner for the opening ceremony of the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games. He has been involved in the music creation of films about Beijing’s Olympic bid since 2000.

　　Tan Dun has crossed many boundaries between tradition and modernity, between East and West, between classics and pop. For music lovers all over the world, Tan Dun is undoubtedly a cultural banner with rich oriental colors, paving a bridge for the integration of Chinese and Western cultures. Tan Dun has won the most influential and prestigious music awards in the world, including the Grammy Award and the Oscar Award for Best Original Music, and was awarded the "Composer of the Year" by the American Music Association. He was also named one of the ten Chinese who influenced the world in 2006 by the ten most important Chinese media in the world, such as Phoenix TV.

　　Tan Dun Olympic Fate

　　I am an Olympic volunteer, and I hope I can provide my knowledge and experience in music creation without reservation.

　　Bidding: Please tell us about the cultural and promotional activities related to the Beijing Olympic Games in the past.

　　Tan Dun: I have always had a relationship with the Olympic Games. Seven years ago, I participated in the music creation of China’s Olympic bid film. When it was announced in Moscow that China had won the right to host the Olympic Games, I felt honored, because my music also played a small role in China’s successful bid for the Olympic Games. I feel that I have studied music all my life. If I can participate in this once-in-a-century activity, it is our fate, and it is my fate with China culture.

　　Competitive bidding: What other Olympic-related work will you do now or in the coming year? In what way will you participate in the Beijing Olympic Games?

　　Tan Dun: I am honored to be invited by BOCOG to be the music planner for the Beijing Olympic Games. In my work, I have been looking for inspiration from eastern and western cultures, and at the same time, with the help of my friends all over the world, I have attracted these "world leaders" to this sacred work. Apart from composing theme songs, I am also planning some other Olympic-related music, such as Olympic logo music and award music. This is a huge echelon project, in which everyone is silently contributing. I am an Olympic volunteer. I hope I can provide my knowledge and experience in music creation without reservation. I hope our small contribution can contribute to the success of the Olympic Games. I am very proud of being a volunteer of the Olympic Games.

　　Tan Dun Beijing Impression

　　During the Olympic Games, Beijing should have fresh air, cool breeze and unparalleled enthusiasm.

　　Competitive newspaper: Do you feel that the Olympic Games have brought changes to Beijing? What do you think of this change?

　　Tan Dun: This is a rare opportunity in a century. With this opportunity, we will work harder to change the living environment and realize our green dream. It is indeed a very difficult task to make our sky bluer and our water cleaner, so that our future generations can live in a better environment. However, hosting the Olympic Games has greatly touched us, and people should take improving the environment as a top priority by supporting the Olympic Games. Our efforts now will be the greatest wealth for the future.

　　Bidding: What do you think Beijing is like during the Olympic Games?

　　Tan Dun: At that time, Beijing should have fresh air, cool breeze and unparalleled enthusiasm. The whole city was full of love, and the whole world was intoxicated and crazy about it. (Source: Competitive Newspaper)

Editor: Zhu Xinrui

　　In view of the pronunciation of the place name Lu ‘an, Anhui Province, which caused controversy recently, the Division of Geographical Names of the Ministry of Civil Affairs gave an authoritative statement.

　　On May 15th, a netizen left a message on the portal of the Ministry of Civil Affairs asking about the pronunciation of the word "six" in Lu ‘an City, Anhui Province: "According to the phonetic notation of Lu ‘an City in the Administrative Division of the People’s Republic of China 2015, ‘ Luan Shi’ According to the latest edition of the administrative divisions of the People’s Republic of China, Lu ‘an City, Anhui Province ‘ Six ’ Has there been any change in the speech? Are you still studying for six (Lu) Ann? "

　　In this regard, on May 19, the Division of Geographical Names of the Ministry of Civil Affairs replied that in the "Administrative Division of the People’s Republic of China 2020", the pinyin of Lu’ an was "Lu’ an Shi”。

　　Located in the west of Anhui Province, Lu ‘an, commonly known as "West Anhui", is a regional central city in Dabie Mountain, a sub-central city in Hefei Economic Circle, a connecting city in Wanjiang City, an industrial transfer and radiation city in Yangtze River Delta, and a national land transportation hub city.

　　Recently, Lu ‘an City has attracted social attention due to the local COVID-19 epidemic, while its pronunciation has also caused controversy. In recent news programs broadcast by CCTV News Channel, many anchors read Lu ‘an as "Li Φ ā n", while in news programs of anhui tv and Lu ‘an Radio and Television Station, anchors still read Lu ‘an as "Li Φ ā n".

　　Cctv news Lancome, Saint Laurent YSL, helena rubinstein HR, Armani … these well-known brands are all owned by L ‘Oreal Group. On the morning of February 21st, "New Era and New Opportunities — — The online theme promotion activity of "Multinational Enterprises in China" came to the headquarters of L ‘Oré al North Asia. In an interview, Fabry, President of L ‘Oré al North Asia and CEO of China, said that L ‘Oré al has been close to consumers for 25 years and is looking forward to more sparks with the consumer market in China.

　　Fashion and beauty combine the feast of sight and smell.

"Floating in Time and Space" in Shanghai Exhibition Center: the world’s first exhibition of Armani Gaoding’s private fragrance

　　"Floating in time and space — — The first exhibition of Armani Gaoding Fragrance in the world was recently exhibited in the West Hall of Shanghai Exhibition Center. In this limited-time feast of fashion and beauty, several sets of rare Armani haute couture fashions were presented, which complemented the perfume bottles with corresponding smells.

　　It is reported that the exhibition receives 2,000-2,500 visitors every day, and the exhibition will last until February 26th, and then move to South Korea, France and other places to continue the "global tour".

　　Fabry said that in the past few years, L ‘Oré al has made due contributions to the recovery and development of China’s consumer market. The world premiere of Armani in Shanghai not only reflects the strong resilience of China’s economy, but also reflects L ‘Oré al’s confidence and determination to develop in China.

　　"We will continue to create beauty, move China consumers and enlighten the world."

　　Technology empowerment seizes the new opportunity of personalized beauty.

　　Less than 500 meters away from the exhibition is the headquarters building of L ‘Oré al Group in North Asia. Since L ‘Oré al entered the China market in 1997, it currently operates 31 brands in China.

　　Fei Borui said that diversification is the next development trend of the beauty industry. Consumers are not limited to "one thousand people" who only choose a single product. In the future, more diversified choices and expressions will realize "one person and one thousand faces". How to meet the needs of consumers more accurately will bring great business opportunities to the development of L ‘Oré al beauty and technology.

L ‘Oré al staff demonstrated the intelligent colorimeter of "lipstick printer"

　　It is understood that L ‘Oré al has made its debut in China International Import Expo(CIIE) for five years in a row, exhibiting 16 new international brands and a number of personalized beauty technologies, and its influence on new products is constantly expanding to the whole country.

　　Investment overweight is full of confidence in Shanghai’s development.

　　"Shanghai naturally has some of the most cutting-edge characteristics of beauty consumption." Fei Borui said that Shanghai has good prospects in innovation, consumption and economic growth, and he is full of confidence in Shanghai’s development.

Fabry (right), President of L ‘Oré al North Asia and CEO of China, was interviewed.

　　Over the years, L ‘Oré al has witnessed the continuous development and evolution of Shanghai, and in the process, L ‘Oré al has also deeply felt the strong support of the Shanghai government and relevant institutions. L ‘Oré al has always maintained close cooperation with the government and received a lot of support from the policy level, thus bringing more innovation to consumers. At the China International Import Expo(CIIE) in 2019, L ‘Oré al demonstrated the personalized service of Xiuliko Essence. In this year’s pilot project in Pudong, the personalized service of Xiuliko Essence will be listed in China; In 2022, the clean workshop of L ‘Oré al Suzhou Factory was officially launched, and the foundation stone of the world’s first self-built intelligent operation center was launched in Suzhou, which is expected to be officially put into operation in September this year; In addition, L ‘Oré al also set up its first investment company in China market — — Shanghai Meicifang Investment Co., Ltd. will strengthen co-creation with China’s industry partners.

　　"The fields that China is developing are in perfect harmony with the fields that L ‘Oré al can contribute to," Fabry said. L ‘Oré al has been witnessing the opening of the market and the demand for policies. During the gradual recovery of the consumer market in China, L ‘Oré al is very much looking forward to colliding with Shanghai for more innovation sparks.

On December 4, four law professors were sworn in at the public hearing/Xinhua News Agency

　　The Judiciary Committee of the US House of Representatives held its first hearing on the impeachment investigation of President Donald Trump on the 4th. Some legal experts have determined that Trump’s contacts with Ukraine conform to the definition of "misdemeanor or felony" that can be impeached in the US Constitution.

　　In addition, the US federal prosecutor recently interviewed Andrei KoBorev, CEO of Ukrainian oil and gas company, to investigate the business transactions between President Donald Trump’s personal lawyer Rudy Giuliani and his partners.

　　Is the president’s action unconstitutional?

　　On the same day, the Judiciary Committee of the House of Representatives "took over" the impeachment investigation hearing of the Intelligence Committee and listened to legal experts’ opinions on the constitutional basis of impeachment. At the public hearing, four law professors were invited to testify on the constitutional basis of impeaching the president. At the hearing, the positions of the democratic and Republican parties were seriously opposed. Jerry Nadler, chairman of the House Judiciary Committee and a Democrat, said at the hearing that Trump "directly and explicitly sought foreign intervention in American elections" when dealing with Ukrainian affairs, which was unconstitutional. Three law professors invited by the Democratic Party all said that Trump was suspected of abusing his power and obstructing justice, and his behavior had met the conditions for impeachment. This Committee will then hold more hearings to decide whether to propose to impeach Trump and what "charges" to impeach.

　　Pamela Karan, a professor at Stanford Law School in the United States who attended the hearing, said that Trump "encouraged" Ukrainian President Vladimir Zelensky to investigate Joe Biden, a former vice president of the United States and a democratic candidate for the 2020 presidential election, and his son Hunter’s actions were "serious abuse of power".

　　Some experts hold the opposite opinion. Jonathan Terry, a professor at George Washington University in the United States, opposes the impeachment of Trump and believes that the impeachment investigation lacks sufficient evidence to support it and will end in vain.

　　The impeachment investigation began in September because an intelligence official accused Trump of using military aid as a bargaining chip when he spoke to Zelensky on the phone in July, and asked Uzbekistan to investigate and collect the "black materials" of Biden and his son. The Democratic Party accused the Republican president of abusing his power, seeking foreign forces to interfere in next year’s presidential election and harming national security interests, and then launched an impeachment investigation in the dominant House of Representatives. The previous investigation was led by the House Intelligence Committee, and several closed-door and public hearings were held. Trump decided that he was "politically persecuted" by Democrats, and his dissatisfied lawyer could not ask witnesses at the hearing.

　　Aides of some Democratic lawmakers disclosed that the Judiciary Committee may vote on whether to propose to impeach Trump in the next two weeks. Once passed, the impeachment case may be voted in the plenary session of the House of Representatives before Christmas on December 25th.

　　Trump supports private lawyers

　　On the 4th, Trump reported to the House Intelligence Committee that it was "no big deal" that his personal lawyer, Rudy Giuliani, frequently contacted White House officials by telephone.

　　On the 3rd, the Intelligence Committee published a 300-page impeachment investigation report, which disclosed some telephone call records of Trump’s "people around him", suggesting that inappropriate behavior was not limited to Trump himself. According to the report, these phone records involved many calls between Giuliani, Giuliani’s partner, Devon nunes, the highest-ranking Republican on the House Intelligence Committee, and the White House Office of Management and Budget.

　　"Some people say that he (Giuliani) called the White House. What does it matter? " Trump told reporters when attending the North Atlantic Treaty Organization summit in London, England, "Is that supposed to be a big deal? I don’t think so. "

　　William Taylor, the U.S. Chargé d ‘affaires in Ukraine, testified before the Intelligence Committee last month that the U.S. government pushed Ukraine to investigate Biden and his son through "unconventional policy channels", which was led by Giuliani. According to the 300-page report, Giuliani called a telephone number associated with the White House Office of Management and Budget three times on April 24, and it was this institution that once frozen military assistance to Ukraine; He also called a phone number associated with the White House eight times that day. Coincidentally, that night, the State Council called Mary Jovanovic, then the US ambassador to Ukraine, and asked her to return to China because the White House officials were "worried".

　　Trump insisted that he knew nothing about those calls, and insisted that Giuliani was a "very good lawyer" and "the best mayor in new york’s history". Giuliani argued that his repeated phone calls with the White House did not constitute a "specific topic". "You know, I am the president’s lawyer".

　　According to the procedure, if the House of Representatives approves the impeachment, the Senate will "hear" the impeachment case and decide whether to "convict" and dismiss Trump. However, the Senate is controlled by Trump’s Republican Party.

　　The oil tycoon volunteered to interview the prosecutor.

　　On the 4th, Associated Press quoted Lanny Brewer, lawyer of Andrei KoBorev, CEO of Ukrainian oil and gas company, as saying that KoBorev voluntarily met with representatives of the US Department of Justice. "The Ministry of Justice requested an interview with Andrei Coe Borev," Brewer said. "He agreed and took the initiative to talk to the prosecutor." Brewer did not specify the time and place of the interview. A source who was not authorized to talk about the investigation said that Coe Borev met with the US prosecutor in the British capital London.

　　A number of unnamed sources said that federal prosecutors in new york are investigating Giuliani’s business transactions. Previously, his partners, Florida businessmen Lev panas and Igor Fruhmann, were arrested while preparing to board a plane for Europe with a one-way ticket from Washington.

　　According to the indictment, panas and Fruhmann are believed to be the key intermediaries who helped Giuliani push the Ukrainian investigation into Joe Biden, a former vice president of the United States and a democratic candidate for next year’s presidential election, and his son Hunter. In January this year, they not only arranged for Giuliani to meet with yuriy lutsenko, the then Ukrainian Supreme Prosecutor, in new york, but also arranged for Giuliani to meet with other Ukrainian government officials many times.

　　The Associated Press reported that the impeachment investigation in the House of Representatives focused more on Giuliani’s role in pushing Uzbekistan to investigate Biden and his son. In contrast, the federal prosecutor’s "interview" with Borev and other Ukrainian oil and gas company executives showed that their investigation had expanded to the commercial transaction level of Giuliani and his partners.

　　William Taylor, the U.S. Chargé d ‘affaires in Ukraine, testified before the Intelligence Committee of the House of Representatives last month that the U.S. government pushed Ukraine to investigate Biden and his son through "unconventional policy channels", which was led by Giuliani. This group/Xinhua News Agency

　　How many steps is the impeachment process?

　　The first stage starts impeachment investigation.

　　On September 24th, nancy pelosi, Speaker of the National Assembly, announced the official launch of the impeachment investigation. On December 4th, the Judiciary Committee of the House of Representatives held its first public hearing.

　　In the second stage, the impeachment decision is made.

　　The Judiciary Committee of the House of Representatives voted on whether there were sufficient reasons for impeachment. If it is not passed, the House of Representatives may still hold a plenary vote.

　　If the Judiciary Committee of the House of Representatives votes to approve the impeachment proposal, it will draft impeachment clauses, and each clause needs to be approved by a majority of members of the Judiciary Committee. The House of Representatives held a plenary debate on the impeachment clause submitted by the Judiciary Committee. The house of representatives holds a plenary vote on the impeachment clause, which requires a simple majority to pass.

　　The third stage of trial preparation

　　If the House of Representatives passes the impeachment clause, the impeachment case will enter the trial preparation stage. The House of Representatives appoints some members as "administrators" and acts as "prosecutors" to submit impeachment clauses to the Senate. The Senate acts as a jury.

　　John roberts, Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court, was sworn to preside over the trial and presided over the oath of senators. The Senate discussed the formulation of trial procedure guidelines. The Senate issued a subpoena to the president, asking him to respond to the impeachment clause by a specific deadline.

　　The fourth stage trial

　　Opening statement: The "administrator" appointed by the House of Representatives and the team of White House lawyers present the case, which may last for several days.

　　Verification of evidence: The Senate may issue subpoenas, demand evidence, cross-examine and cross-examine witnesses.

　　Closing the court debate: the prosecution and the defense make final statements.

　　Senate discussion: it is possible to discuss it behind closed doors and not open to the public.

　　The Senate votes on impeachment clauses: all impeachment clauses must be passed by a two-thirds majority.

Cctv newsOn the morning of June 8, the State Council Office held a press conference on "Implementing the Party’s 20 Major Decisions and Deploying and Promoting the Modernization of Emergency Management System and Capacity". Min Yiren, director of the Seismological Bureau of China, introduced at the meeting that at present, the national earthquake intensity quick report and early warning project has completed the main construction task, and 15,391 earthquake early warning stations, 3 national centers, 31 provincial centers and 173 prefecture-level information release centers have been built, forming a China earthquake early warning network composed of five systems: station observation, data processing, information service, communication network and technical support, and carrying out pilot services in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei, Sichuan, Yunnan and Fujian. It is expected to be completed and accepted by the end of this year. After the project is put into operation, it will play a role in disaster reduction in the following aspects:

The first is to build a "first line of defense" for earthquake relief and reduce earthquake casualties. After the devastating earthquake, China Earthquake Early Warning Network will release earthquake early warning information through various channels such as emergency broadcast, mobile phone, TV, special terminal, etc., so as to provide users in the target area with early warning time of several seconds to dozens of seconds for emergency avoidance; After the earthquake, the distribution of the hardest hit areas can be quickly judged by measuring the measured earthquake intensity in a few minutes, which provides a scientific basis for the decision-making and deployment of earthquake relief. 6.2 seconds after the Luding M6.8 earthquake in Sichuan Province on September 5, 2022, China Earthquake Early Warning Network successfully released the early warning information, realizing the second-level early warning coverage for 1.5 million people in the epicenter and its surrounding areas.

The second is to "escort" lifeline projects and emergency disposal of major infrastructure. Relying on earthquake early warning terminals, emergency broadcasting and special communication lines, we will provide earthquake early warning information for the automatic emergency response of major strategic infrastructure such as high-speed railways, nuclear power plants, oil and gas pipelines and Gaoba reservoirs, and people’s livelihood infrastructure such as high-rise buildings, underground facilities and large-scale complexes, fill the gap in cross-industry earthquake emergency response services, promote the expansion of earthquake monitoring to earthquake disaster risk monitoring and prevention, and strengthen the ability of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction in the whole society.

The third is to provide strong support for earth science progress and international disaster reduction cooperation. Give full play to the advantages of building the world’s largest real-time transmission earthquake monitoring station network, provide high-quality scientific data information for promoting the innovative development of real-time seismology, real-time disaster science and earthquake engineering, and help the development and progress of earth science. At present, China’s earthquake early warning technology has gone abroad and been applied to the construction of Indonesian Jakarta-Bandung High-speed Railway. Seismological Bureau of China will give full play to its professional and technical advantages, better serve the country’s overall diplomacy, strengthen international cooperation in earthquake prevention and disaster reduction, and work together to reduce the risk of earthquake disasters.

In the next step, Seismological Bureau of China will continue to improve the construction of earthquake early warning network in China, continuously improve the safety, reliability and standardization of earthquake early warning service, expand the service field and efficiency, and provide more powerful earthquake safety guarantee for high-quality economic and social development.

This issue of the "Precision Frontier" column shared by Zhao Haitao’s research team published inGenome Medicine(IF =11.12) [1], a mutation signature was constructed and verified to predict the prognosis of patients receiving immunotherapy, and the potential immune response of different subtypes was studied by using multidimensional data.

Research background

Immunocheckpoint inhibitors (ICI) have changed the treatment of many cancers. However, the beneficiaries of ICI treatment are limited, so it is necessary to screen and predict biomarkers to classify patients. At present, many biomarkers, such as tumor mutation load (TMB), have been used as indicative biomarkers in clinic. However, some high TMB patients with gene mutation related to immunotherapy resistance are not sensitive to ICI treatment. Therefore, it is necessary to go beyond TMB and identify the specific genetic determinants of ICI treatment response.

research design

The study included genome and clinical data of 12,647 patients. There were 1572 cases in the training set (immunotherapy patients with 9 kinds of cancer) and 932 cases in the verification set (immunotherapy patients with 5 kinds of cancer). The training set was sequenced by MSK-IMPACT panel containing 468 genes.

The authors identified a set of 11 genes based on mutation, which can divide patients into high-risk and low-risk groups. The mutation of these 11 genes is related to the better response to ICI treatment, and this gene set has been proved to be an independent prognostic factor after ICI treatment.

research results

1. Identify mutant gene sets that can predict the outcome of immunotherapy.

Firstly, the survival differences of 468 genes in the training set were compared between wild type and mutant type, and 98 genes related to OS (global survival) were obtained. After that, LASSO COX regression analysis was further screened and 11 important genes were finally obtained. Through COX regression analysis, the risk score of each patient was quantified on the basis of 11 mutant gene sets. In the training concentration, the OS of patients in the high-risk group is shorter than that of patients in the low-risk group (Figure 1B). In order to study whether the gene set is limited to a specific population or suitable for different populations, the subgroup analysis regardless of age, drug use type and cancer species shows that the gene set is significantly related to the OS of patients treated with ICI (Figure 1C-E).

Figure 1. Generation and Verification of Gene Set Based on Mutation

2. Verification of predictable immunotherapy results

In order to further confirm the value of mutation-based gene set in predicting the results of immunotherapy, it was found that the OS of low-risk group was higher than that of high-risk group (Figure 1F). The research results of predicting ICI treatment response in gene set show that the DCB(durable clinical benefit) of ICI treatment in low-risk group is significantly increased compared with that in high-risk group (Figure 1G), and low-risk patients are more likely to respond to ICI treatment (Figure 1H). These results get the same results in the verification set (Figure 1I, J).

3. Gene set is an independent prognostic predictor of immunotherapy.

Next, the author verifies whether the gene set based on mutation is an independent predictor of immunotherapy response. In the training and validation set, univariate COX regression analysis showed that the gene set was related to OS. After adjusting for drug type, tumor type and TMB, multivariate COX regression analysis showed that the gene set was still an independent predictor, which confirmed the stability of its independent prediction of ICI prognosis (Figure 2A, B). In order to determine which factor has the best predictive performance, C-index is used to compare the performance of mutation-based gene sets with TMB and drug types. The results of C-index show that the gene set based on mutation can predict the prognosis more accurately than TMB and drug type in both training set and validation set (Figure 2C, D).

Fig. 2. Relationship between mutation-based gene sets and other characteristics

4. The clinical benefit of ICI treatment can be predicted based on the mutant gene set, disease stage, CTL and 6-IFN-g gene signature.

Considering the stage of disease, CTL and 6-gene IFN-g signature have been proved to be highly predictive of the response to ICI treatment, the authors speculate that they may play a synergistic role in predicting the response to immunotherapy. The author combined the gene set based on mutation with disease stage, CTL and 6-gene IFN-g signature through Nomotograph, and provided a method for clinicians to quantitatively predict the OS of patients treated by ICI. Fig. 2E is the nomogram of Riaz cohort construction, and the calibration curve of fig. 2F shows the consistency of actual and predicted results, indicating that these signature should be integrated into the predicted nomogram of ICI treatment.

5. Potential external immune landscape of high and low risk groups

In order to further explore the relationship between immune system and mutation-based gene set, the authors conducted a multi-group analysis of TCGA cohort, and the risk score divided TCGA cohort into high and low risk groups (Figure 3A). At the genome level, the proportion of white blood cells, lymphocytes and TIL in the low-risk group was significantly higher than that in the high-risk group (Figure 3B-D). The H&E staining results of TIL ratio are consistent with the above results (Figure 3E). In addition, the proportion of immunostimulatory cells (such as CD8 T cells) in the low-risk group is also significantly higher than that in the high-risk group (Figure 3F). The above results were further tested by Danaher et al.’ s immune infiltration score (figure 3G) and immune characteristic score (figure 3H), and it was found that the abundance of immune cells in low-risk group was higher. Then unsupervised clustering was used to cluster the immune characteristic scores of patients in TCGA cohort, and the results were clustered into two immune infiltration modes (Figure 3I), and the high immune infiltration was significantly enriched in the low-risk group (Figure 3J).

Fig. 3. Immune status of high and low risk population in TCGA cohort.

In addition, the immune signature in the low-risk group was significantly higher than that in the adjacent cancer tissue; On the contrary, the immune signature in the high-risk group was significantly lower than that in the adjacent tissues (Figure 4A). The correlation of immune activity in low-risk group was significantly higher than that in high-risk group (Figure 4B, C). GSEA results showed that 13 pathways were significantly enriched in the low-risk group, including 6 immune-related pathways, such as "cytotoxicity mediated by natural killer cells" (Figure 4D). Tumors in the low-risk group are associated with significantly higher CYT scores, and the number of fibroblasts in the high-risk group is now increasing (Figure 4E, F). According to these results, the low-risk group is rich in immune cells, which can respond to ICI treatment, and fibroblasts may help the high-risk group escape. The expression of chemokines in the low-risk group is higher (Figure 4G, H), so the author speculates that the enrichment of chemokines in the low-risk group may trigger an immune response.

Figure 4. Potential external immune landscape of high and low risk groups　

6. Potential inherent immune landscape of high and low risk groups

Some potential factors determining tumor immunogenicity between the two groups were compared. Mutation, new antigen load, TCR and BCR diversity in low-risk group were significantly higher than those in high-risk group, but CNV load and aneuploidy in high-risk group were higher than those in low-risk group (Figure 5A). This result is consistent with previous studies, that is, tumor aneuploidy is related to immunotherapy and decreased immune escape marker response. In addition, the heterogeneity of tumor in high-risk group is higher than that in low-risk group, which further supports the view that tumor will promote the development of heterogeneity in the presence of cytolytic activity and less active infiltration of immune cells. In order to further understand the mutation process of high and low risk groups, the mutation characteristics were described according to somatic mutation data, and four different mutation patterns were determined in TCGA cohort (Figure 5B). The frequency of these four mutation signals in the low-risk group is significantly higher than that in the high-risk group (Figure 5C). In addition, it was also found that immune checkpoint molecules (such as PD-1, PD-L1 and CTLA4) and costimulatory molecules were more highly expressed in the low-risk group (Figure 5E).

Figure 5. Potential innate immune response and escape landscape in high and low risk groups.　

7. Copy number characteristics of high and low risk groups

Significant differences in chromosome variation were detected in high and low risk groups (fig. 6A). Local amplification peaks of immune genes with good characteristics, such as PD-L1 (9p24.1) and PD-L2 (9p24.1), were observed in the low-risk group (fig. 6B, C). GO function annotation of the specifically amplified genes showed that the low-risk group was significantly enriched in two immune-related biological processes, while the high-risk group was significantly enriched in the biological process of "positive regulation of fibroblast proliferation", but not in any immune-related biological processes (Figure 6E). At the level of mRNA expression in TCGA cohort, the expression of PD-L1 and PD-L2 mRNA in low-risk group increased significantly (Figure 6G), which was consistent with CNV data. This finding suggests that CNVs in tumor contributes to the observed difference in immune infiltration.

Figure 6. Variation of copy number in high and low risk groups

discuss

This study is the first time to use an independent cohort to study the comprehensive mutant gene sets of different tumor types. Through PSM algorithm, hierarchical analysis and multivariate COX regression analysis, the application performance of mutation-based gene sets in different types of tumors was tested, and the results showed that mutation-based gene sets were reliable.

This study has the following innovation and practical application value. First, different types of tumors (such as NSCLC (non-small cell lung cancer), melanoma and renal cell carcinoma) are used, which represent the most common types of cancer treated with ICI. Secondly, the application of multiple biomarker prediction model needs to understand the factors that affect the accuracy and precision of Qualcomm analysis in clinical practice. The risk score formula and threshold of mRNA expression calculation are not suitable for verification with other types of data. Therefore, this study developed a gene set based on mutation to predict the clinical efficacy of ICI treatment. The composition of the above mutations is neither affected by tissue types nor adjusted by any other biomarkers. The risk score formula and threshold of gene set based on mutation can be verified by other tumor analysis methods, such as DNA sequencing and single nucleotide polymorphism microarray analysis. Therefore, mutation-based gene sets are not affected by technological changes, even when different platforms are used in different centers. Thirdly, in practice, gene sets based on mutations avoid exposing patients to potential immune-related adverse reactions when they are unlikely to respond, and enable patients to match to potentially more effective treatments more quickly. Fourthly, the prediction performance of gene set based on mutation is compared with other factors that can predict immunotherapy, and it is found that the prediction performance of gene set based on mutation is better than all these factors.

Several limitations of this study. First of all, because some mutations may be enriched in some tumor types, the initial goal of this study is to create a panel instead of identifying a single gene (such as BRAF), because the former can contain more genes to predict the prognosis of different types of tumors. Secondly, although the immune landscape of 11 genes in the gene set based on mutation has been explored, it is still necessary to clarify the molecular mechanism of each gene affecting immunotherapy in vivo and in vitro functional experiments. Thirdly, the enrichment scores of carcinogenic pathways and the expression patterns of immune checkpoints should also be detected by immunohistochemistry.

tag

The mutation-based gene set proposed in this study is the first comprehensive genomic marker systematically identified, which can be used to evaluate the ICI treatment effect of pan-cancer species. This study is also the largest prognostic model discovery project for cancer patients receiving ICI treatment (whether single drug treatment or combined treatment of anti-PD-1 and anti-CTLA-4). Nomoto, which combines mutation-based gene set with TMB and drug types, can help clinicians choose patients who may have a strong response to ICI treatment. In addition, it also reveals the different immune conditions of high and low risk groups, and specific genomic changes may drive the formation of these microenvironments. In a word, this work puts forward a new tumor classification method, which may guide the decision-making of ICI treatment.　END　

References:

[1]　Long, J., Wang, D., Wang, A. et al. A mutation-based gene set predicts survival benefit after immunotherapy across multiple cancers and reveals the immune response landscape. G enome Med 14, 20 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13073-022-01024-y

Write Liu Hua Hua

Editing and typesetting SX

Yin Xiaotian’s cheating marriage incident has once again turned over the knife door a few years ago. Today, people at that time responded in succession.

As the man in charge of the two incidents, Yin Xiaotian publicly responded to the divorce incident in Weibo, saying that he reflected on the failed marriage and missed his children very much.

It seems that the mood is really stable and good as the agent said.

However, compared with Yin Xiaotian who lost his marriage but won the hearts of the people, it is hard for the backbone of the knife gate.

The public opinion of the whole network is basically the same, supporting Xiaotian to stab the knife.

Under the anger of the public, most members of the Knife Inserting Sect kept silent, but some of them took the initiative to jump out and complain.

Like Huang Jue.

I have a lot of complaints about having to be fired every time there is news in Yin Xiaotian.

He sent a long microblog about what he knew.

Huang Jue said that what Bian Xiaoxiao told him was that Yin Xiaotian couldn’t turn his back on her, but he supported Bian Xiaoxiao in Weibo because he believed in her. He also contacted Yin Xiaotian and the crew, but they didn’t get a response.

Now Huang Jue said that he hoped the two sides would reach an understanding and loved Yin Xiaotian himself.

As for Jerry Lee, it is much more intense.

Li Chenfang directly issued a lawyer’s letter saying that he had suffered cyber violence, saying that the so-called knife-inserting incident was pure slander and rumor.

But netizens don’t buy it.

Jerry Lee cries injustice, but netizens don’t believe him. Why don’t we just tell the evidence?

Today, I want to tell you these contents. First, the whole process of resuming knife-inserting teaching and knife-inserting incident. Second, what will happen to King Yin Xiaotian?

The great influence of the knife-inserting teaching event can be seen from Baidu Encyclopedia’s special filing for him.

The list of key members is as follows, and netizens also arranged posts in a spoof.

Let me introduce the parties to the incident first, if Yin Xiaotian and Bian Xiaoxiao are both very close.

Yin Xiaotian’s representative works are "One Meter of Sunshine" with Sun Li and "What can I do to save you and my love" with Liu Ye.

Bian Xiaoxiao’s masterpiece is the incident of being beaten by Yin Xiaotian.

The specific process is as follows:

On February 24th, 2012, in Weibo, the assistant of actor Bian Xiaoxiao publicly accused Yin Xiaotian of playing a big role in the crew and hitting Bian Xiaoxiao because of his disagreement.

But Yin Xiaotian denied hitting anyone, saying that he had never touched Bian Xiaoxiao with a finger.

Later, Bian Xiaoxiao personally accused Yin Xiaotian of being cruel, saying that Yin Xiaotian pushed her and scratched her hair, and finally appealed to girls to know how to protect themselves when they were outside.

As soon as the eye-catching event of a famous actor hitting a woman came out, the heat immediately went up.

To add fuel to the fire, Bian Xiaoxiao’s star classmates stood up and accused Yin Xiaotian of demanding an apology, which formed a siege wind, which instantly detonated the whole network by holding a group.

Jerry, who had a good personal relationship with Bian Xiaoxiao, was the first to make a statement, saying that he had confirmed the incident as true and asked Yin Xiaotian to reflect.

Jerry’s close lover, Li XiaoLu, kept up with her, saying that good people have discerning eyes.

Yin Xiaotian’s brokerage firm said that Bian Xiaoxiao’s swearing first and beating the rake was malicious speculation, while Yin Xiaotian exercised restraint all the time and didn’t start work.

Bian Xiaoxiao denied the hype, saying that swearing was a counterattack against Yin Xiaotian.

When the two sides held their own words, Yang Zi, the overbearing president of the entertainment circle, appeared.

Need to introduce, his wife Eva Huang is also a classmate of Bian Xiaoxiao.

Yang Zi sent out two fuzzy screenshots in Weibo, saying that he got the video, which can confirm that the shoving incident did happen.

Later, Yin Xiaotian denied that the pusher in the screenshot was himself, and requested that the video be released.

But Yang Zi said, I have no obligation to publish the video.

In the absence of video, as soon as the screenshot of Yang Zi came out, people in the circle supported Bian Xiaoxiao with confidence and boldness like reassurance.

Jerry Lee, Du Chun, Huang Jue and Xue Jia’ ning forwarded them one by one, demanding an apology from Yin Xiaotian.

Weibo of Wang Luodan et al. can’t be found at present because of its age and long deletion.

Among them, Du Chun is the happiest one.

Among the people who supported Bian Xiaoxiao, Du Chun and Jerry Lee were also the most criticized.

The reason is very simple. Others may stand in line because of their close relationship or women’s position.

But Du Chun and Jerry Lee, and Yin Xiaotian used to be very intimate.

Usually it’s all kinds of blessings and praises.

But in the stabbing incident, they were the ones who lashed Yin Xiaotian the most fiercely.

How did it end in the end?

It’s also ridiculous to say.

The video was released, and it is impossible to prove that Yin Xiaotian was rough on Bian Xiaoxiao from the video content.

The crew also replied that it was just a quarrel and no violence.

The administrator of the shooting scene also said that he didn’t see anyone hitting him, but only heard the actress screaming and leaving.

Judging from the situation of all parties, there are definitely conflicts, but there is no such thing as everyone being rough.

And the two sides have different confessions. The man said that the woman lost her temper and hit people for no reason, and the woman said that Yin Xiaotian wanted to soak up her attempted lynching.

Finally, things are strangely reconciled.

Yin Xiaotian and Bian Xiaoxiao openly interacted with Weibo, and performed a happy ending.

Bian Xiaoxiao said, we will be more loving in the future.

What the hell is this?

Onlookers have also deleted Weibo.

But Li Chenze Weibo continued to plead for himself, saying that he had not wronged Yin Xiaotian.

Now Jerry Lee has come out to plead for himself and send a lawyer’s letter, looking forward to seeing him really sue someone and see how to provoke him.

The second question is how Yin Xiaotian got burnt.

There has always been a legend in the Jianghu. Yin Xiaotian, who used to be called the "Four Youngsters" with Huang Xiaoming, Nie Yuan and David, would have become a superstar if it hadn’t been for the knife-inserting incident.

Is this really the case?

It doesn’t seem certain.

In "What Can I Save You My Love", which is always on everyone’s lips, Yin Xiaotian is only male No.2, and male No.1 is Liu Ye.

Another of his masterpieces, One Meter of Sunshine, is Peter Ho.

That is to say, Yin Xiaotian is actually no masterpiece of the male master.

What’s more, what can I do to save you and my lover was already in 2002, and in the next 10 years, his plays almost didn’t respond.

Accurately speaking, it takes luck to become popular. Yin Xiaotian’s paste has nothing to do with the knife-inserting incident.

On the contrary, the knife insertion incident was the last climax of his career.

There’s nothing wrong with Yin Xiaotian being the victim of the stabbing incident, but it’s also an exaggeration for the masses to say that without this incident, Yin Xiaotian would be very popular.

Everyone who read the article last night should have found that when I wrote about Yin Xiaotian’s marriage change, I didn’t mention the teaching of inserting knives.

To tell the truth, I think career and love are two different fields. Yin Xiaotian’s cheating on marriage and his encirclement by the knife-inserting teaching are completely unrelated events. In addition, his ex-wife Ha Linna was a carefully selected marriage partner under various conditions offered by Yin Xiaotian’s family. I really can’t find a reason to force this cheating farce and knife-inserting.

Reasoning is one yard at a time.

Yin Xiaotian was the victim of the Daoism incident, but the decline of his career had nothing to do with the incident. On the contrary, the incident was quickly reversed and netizens supported him.

The woman didn’t reply to the cheating incident. Yin Xiaotian’s personal mood was very stable, and he was in a good mood, and he didn’t want to seek justice at all. There was no need for us to take sides too early.

The only feeling is that the winner of this world has never been a kind person.

This article comes from Phoenix and only represents Phoenix’s viewpoint from the media.

　　Xinhua Online Hai, August 14th (Reporter He Xinrong, Joline) The home is too messy, please ask someone to help you "break away"; Running at night, there are people who accompany the guidance; I can’t find bike-sharing when I go out, and someone will come and put it in a few days … … Have you ever thought that there are rich new job opportunities behind these increasingly familiar scenes?

　　It’s not that I don’t understand, it’s that the world is changing too fast. The surging new economy makes the definition of "work" richer and more exciting. More and more post-80s and post-90s have started different careers. While showing personality, it also brings more vitality to society.

　　The Magic of New Economy: From 360 Lines to 3600 Lines

　　Bike-sharing operator, shared office housekeeper, credit manager, quantitative trader, fashion blogger, family organizer, food stylist, escort runner, genetic tester, UP owner, drone trainer & HELIP; … The degree of "brain holes" in new occupations is beyond imagination.

　　Rome was not built in a day, and new occupations did not emerge overnight. The booming new economy in recent years is a fertile ground for these new occupations.

　　Although there is no accurate official definition, the coverage of "new economy" is very extensive. It not only refers to internet plus, Internet of Things, cloud computing and other emerging industries and formats in the tertiary industry, but also includes intelligent manufacturing and mass customization production in industry, and also involves family farms in the primary industry, and the integrated development of rural primary, secondary and tertiary industries.

　　In the past two years, the "new economy" has accelerated its growth, showing amazing "magic power": China’s employment indicators (including newly employed population, survey unemployment rate, etc.) rank first among 63 major economies in the world, while the macroeconomic growth rate is slowing down.

　　There is no doubt that the "new occupation" spawned by the "new economy" has absorbed a large number of employed people. The constantly updated list of national vocational qualifications shows that the number of jobs is moving from the original 360 to the new 3600. More and more people are creating new values for society while releasing their individuality.

　　Five rules of new career: see how many you have.

　　It is precisely because it resonates with the new economy at the same frequency that new occupations that look colorful actually have rules to follow. If you don’t want to be bound by the "cubicle", you may wish to refer to the following five rules:

　　[Internet Gene] The sharing economy has created operators, shared office housekeepers and shared house landlords in bike-sharing, while the platform economy has brought car drivers, couriers and take-away workers. Nowadays, most of the hottest entrepreneurial fields have Internet genes. With the Internet "connecting everything", people’s "career map" is being refreshed rapidly.

　　The current Internet applications are mainly concentrated in the fields of consumption and services. With the Internet becoming an infrastructure like hydropower and coal, and expanding to manufacturing and agriculture, new jobs with Internet genes will continue to emerge.

　　Su Hainan, vice president of china association for labour studies, said that the new occupation in the Internet era has some new features. If the task is fragmented, the working hours are not fixed; Diversified labor relations, such as the traditional employment relationship between platform and employees; Products and services are personalized, and labor output is more suitable for the specific needs of consumers.

　　[Subdivide and subdivide] A food can’t be nutritious, but it must be delicious. It’s not good just to eat, but to look good. As a result, the food stylist was born gorgeous. It must be said that the escalating demand of consumers has created new occupations in many seemingly inconspicuous segments.

　　"Professional people do professional things", with the east wind of consumption upgrading, new demands are constantly being stimulated: running and exercising with runners, traveling in personal tailor … … Because of China’s huge domestic demand market, any small demand may contain infinite potential.

　　[People behind "Nobody"] Unmanned driving, unmanned supermarket, drone delivery … … The rapid development of artificial intelligence technology makes the concept of "nobody" hot, and also makes many people worry that they will become a "useless" class. The statement that "50% of jobs will disappear in the next decade" has scared many fragile hearts.

　　In fact, no matter how developed artificial intelligence is and how many "unmanned" technologies are, there are still people behind it who are studying and manipulating it. However, their work changed from being in front of the stage to being behind the scenes. Tommy, Vice Minister of Science and Technology, said that in the long run, the employment brought by science and technology is far greater than unemployment. Take artificial intelligence for example, the algorithm engineer behind it is now in a state of extreme shortage. Instead of worrying about being replaced in the future, it is better to charge it now.

　　[Hobby is work] A few years ago, the old people would say, "Humor can’t be a meal", and no one regarded "telling jokes" as a job. Nowadays, "Duan Zishou" has really appeared. A few years ago, it was just a pastime to like the secondary culture and be good at making barrage videos. Today, the studio of "UP Master" has completed commercial realization in the real world of three dimensions.

　　Turning hobbies into jobs has become a new choice for many post-90s and post-90s. There are not so many instructions, and there is no strict index assessment. I do things with interest and "make money by playing." Therefore, parents who are eager to enroll their children in extracurricular training classes should see how important it is to respect their children’s nature and cultivate their interests!

　　[Rejuvenation of old crafts] It sounds that new occupations are often related to new knowledge and new skills? It’s not exactly like this. People always have some urgent needs, such as eating. From the ancient skilled worker to the modern chef, the professional "vest" is changing, but the core of pursuing delicious food has not changed.

　　Therefore, in the era of vigorous development of the new economy, the story of "rejuvenation of old crafts" has been staged again and again, even more moist than before. Bike-sharing is on fire, which has ruined the manufacturing workshop and the mechanic. There are fewer tailors on the street, but the old masters who come to order are popular. Once regarded as an unpopular veterinary graduate, she is now a pet beautician in MengMeng … … Society will not mistreat people with skills.

　　New employment concept: the boundary between white collar with gold collar and blue collar with gray collar is blurring.

　　The new economy gives birth to new occupations, and new occupations bring new employment concepts. In the past, people habitually divided their occupations into gold collar, white collar, gray collar and blue collar according to the working environment and income. Nowadays, more and more people find that the boundaries between these "collars" are becoming increasingly blurred.

　　"I earn 15,000 yuan a month. Will I lose this job for a gift of 2,000 yuan?" A few years ago, the story of a SF Express courier "getting angry" in a white-collar office was circulated around the Internet. Between words, full of professional pride. According to the traditional concept, the courier is a "blue-collar" position, which can make the courier stand at the scene of the bell ringing ceremony of listed companies due to the rapid growth of social demand and increasing technical content.

　　In the interview, the reporter was also exposed to many touching stories. Han Yien, a 28-year-old lawyer, was a financial company in Lujiazui, Shanghai. When she switched to be a home organizer, her mother cried. Because in the eyes of the older generation, this is a job of "serving people". But after more than two years of accumulation, Han Yien made a name for himself in the circle. Not only on-site service, but also receiving students and giving lectures, the "Qian Jing" is quite impressive. More and more elders gradually understand and recognize her choice of "not doing housework".

　　From farming society, industrial society, information society and intelligent age, the development of new technology has rapidly changed the traditional labor pattern. When mobile payment replaces cashier, artificial intelligence replaces repetitive workers, just as car drivers replaced coachmen.

　　It can be predicted that in the future, the social division of labor will become more and more detailed and the occupations will become more and more diversified. "Tall" jobs, such as investment bank traders, may be replaced by artificial intelligence if they don’t work hard. And more jobs without innate aura can live a wonderful life as long as they are willing to make sincere efforts.

　　The future has come. Embrace the new economy and fall in love with the new occupation. You, are you ready?